America Classifies the Immigrants: From Ellis Island to the 2020 Census
When more than twenty million immigrants arrived in the United States between 1880 and 1920, the government attempted to classify them according to prevailing ideas about race and nationality. But this proved hard to do. Ideas about racial or national difference were slippery, contested, and yet con...
Gespeichert in:
| Beteilige Person: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge, MA
Harvard University Press
[2018]
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| Schlagwörter: | |
| Links: | https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674986183 https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674986183 https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674986183 https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674986183 https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674986183 https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674986183 https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674986183 |
| Zusammenfassung: | When more than twenty million immigrants arrived in the United States between 1880 and 1920, the government attempted to classify them according to prevailing ideas about race and nationality. But this proved hard to do. Ideas about racial or national difference were slippery, contested, and yet consequential-were "Hebrews" a "race," a "religion," or a "people"? As Joel Perlmann shows, a self-appointed pair of officials created the government's 1897 List of Races and Peoples, which shaped exclusionary immigration laws, the wording of the U.S. Census, and federal studies that informed social policy. Its categories served to maintain old divisions and establish new ones. Across the five decades ending in the 1920s, American immigration policy built increasingly upon the belief that some groups of immigrants were desirable, others not. Perlmann traces how the debates over this policy institutionalized race distinctions-between whites and nonwhites, but also among whites-in immigration laws that lasted four decades. Despite a gradual shift among social scientists from "race" to "ethnic group" after the 1920s, the diffusion of this key concept among government officials and the public remained limited until the end of the 1960s. Taking up dramatic changes to racial and ethnic classification since then, America Classifies the Immigrants concentrates on three crucial reforms to the American Census: the introduction of Hispanic origin and ancestry (1980), the recognition of mixed racial origins (2000), and a rethinking of the connections between race and ethnic group (proposed for 2020) |
| Beschreibung: | Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (publisher's Web site, viewed 24. Aug 2021) |
| Umfang: | 1 online resource (384 pages) 1 line illustration, 2 tables |
| ISBN: | 9780674986183 |
| DOI: | 10.4159/9780674986183 |
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| 520 | |a When more than twenty million immigrants arrived in the United States between 1880 and 1920, the government attempted to classify them according to prevailing ideas about race and nationality. But this proved hard to do. Ideas about racial or national difference were slippery, contested, and yet consequential-were "Hebrews" a "race," a "religion," or a "people"? As Joel Perlmann shows, a self-appointed pair of officials created the government's 1897 List of Races and Peoples, which shaped exclusionary immigration laws, the wording of the U.S. Census, and federal studies that informed social policy. Its categories served to maintain old divisions and establish new ones. Across the five decades ending in the 1920s, American immigration policy built increasingly upon the belief that some groups of immigrants were desirable, others not. Perlmann traces how the debates over this policy institutionalized race distinctions-between whites and nonwhites, but also among whites-in immigration laws that lasted four decades. Despite a gradual shift among social scientists from "race" to "ethnic group" after the 1920s, the diffusion of this key concept among government officials and the public remained limited until the end of the 1960s. Taking up dramatic changes to racial and ethnic classification since then, America Classifies the Immigrants concentrates on three crucial reforms to the American Census: the introduction of Hispanic origin and ancestry (1980), the recognition of mixed racial origins (2000), and a rethinking of the connections between race and ethnic group (proposed for 2020) | ||
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| spelling | Perlmann, Joel Perlmann Verfasser aut America Classifies the Immigrants From Ellis Island to the 2020 Census Joel Perlmann Perlmann Cambridge, MA Harvard University Press [2018] © 2018 1 online resource (384 pages) 1 line illustration, 2 tables txt rdacontent c rdamedia cr rdacarrier Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (publisher's Web site, viewed 24. Aug 2021) When more than twenty million immigrants arrived in the United States between 1880 and 1920, the government attempted to classify them according to prevailing ideas about race and nationality. But this proved hard to do. Ideas about racial or national difference were slippery, contested, and yet consequential-were "Hebrews" a "race," a "religion," or a "people"? As Joel Perlmann shows, a self-appointed pair of officials created the government's 1897 List of Races and Peoples, which shaped exclusionary immigration laws, the wording of the U.S. Census, and federal studies that informed social policy. Its categories served to maintain old divisions and establish new ones. Across the five decades ending in the 1920s, American immigration policy built increasingly upon the belief that some groups of immigrants were desirable, others not. Perlmann traces how the debates over this policy institutionalized race distinctions-between whites and nonwhites, but also among whites-in immigration laws that lasted four decades. Despite a gradual shift among social scientists from "race" to "ethnic group" after the 1920s, the diffusion of this key concept among government officials and the public remained limited until the end of the 1960s. Taking up dramatic changes to racial and ethnic classification since then, America Classifies the Immigrants concentrates on three crucial reforms to the American Census: the introduction of Hispanic origin and ancestry (1980), the recognition of mixed racial origins (2000), and a rethinking of the connections between race and ethnic group (proposed for 2020) In English HISTORY / United States / 19th Century bisacsh Ethnic groups Classification History Ethnic groups Political aspects United States History Race Classification History Race Political aspects United States History https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674986183 Verlag URL des Erstveröffentlichers Volltext |
| spellingShingle | Perlmann, Joel Perlmann America Classifies the Immigrants From Ellis Island to the 2020 Census HISTORY / United States / 19th Century bisacsh Ethnic groups Classification History Ethnic groups Political aspects United States History Race Classification History Race Political aspects United States History |
| title | America Classifies the Immigrants From Ellis Island to the 2020 Census |
| title_auth | America Classifies the Immigrants From Ellis Island to the 2020 Census |
| title_exact_search | America Classifies the Immigrants From Ellis Island to the 2020 Census |
| title_full | America Classifies the Immigrants From Ellis Island to the 2020 Census Joel Perlmann Perlmann |
| title_fullStr | America Classifies the Immigrants From Ellis Island to the 2020 Census Joel Perlmann Perlmann |
| title_full_unstemmed | America Classifies the Immigrants From Ellis Island to the 2020 Census Joel Perlmann Perlmann |
| title_short | America Classifies the Immigrants |
| title_sort | america classifies the immigrants from ellis island to the 2020 census |
| title_sub | From Ellis Island to the 2020 Census |
| topic | HISTORY / United States / 19th Century bisacsh Ethnic groups Classification History Ethnic groups Political aspects United States History Race Classification History Race Political aspects United States History |
| topic_facet | HISTORY / United States / 19th Century Ethnic groups Classification History Ethnic groups Political aspects United States History Race Classification History Race Political aspects United States History |
| url | https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674986183 |
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