A history of the Jews and Judaism in the Second Temple period: Volume 4 The Jews under the Roman shadow (4 BCE-150 CE)
Gespeichert in:
Beteilige Person: | |
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Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | Englisch |
Veröffentlicht: |
London [u.a.]
T & T Clark International
2021
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Schriftenreihe: | Library of Second Temple studies
99 |
Schlagwörter: | |
Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032893902&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
Umfang: | xxiii, 638 Seiten |
ISBN: | 9780567700704 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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adam_text | Contents Preface Abbreviations xv xvii Part I Introduction Chapter 1 Introduction 3 1.1. Method in Writing a History of the First and Second Centuries СЕ 1.2. An Overall Perspective on the Roman Empire 1.3. An Overview of the Situation in Judaea, 1-150 CE 1.4. Terminology and Other Technical Matters 3 6 11 17 Part II Sources Chapter 2 Archaeology, Including Inscriptions and Coins 2.1. Unwritten Remains and Material Culture 2.1.1. From Herod to the Fall of Masada 2.1.2. From the Fall of Masada to the Bar Kokhva Revolt 2.2. Inscriptions, Papyri, and Manuscripts 2.3. Coins 21 21 25 34 37 42 Chapter 3 Jewish Literature 3.1. Josephus 3.2. Justus of Tiberias 3.3. Philo of Alexandria 3.4. Liber Antiquitatum Biblicarum (Pseudo-Philo) 3.5. Adam and Eve Literature 3.6. Parables (Similitudes) of Enoch (7 Enoch 37-71) 3.7. Pseudo-Phocylides 3.8. The Sibylline Oracles 3.9. Slavonic Enoch (2 Enoch) 48 48 52 53 58 60 61 63 64 65
Contents viii 3.10. 4 Maccabees 3.11. Testament ofAbraham 3.12. Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs 3.13. Testament ofJob 3.14. Joseph and Asenath 3.15. Apocalypses of Ezra, Baruch, Abraham, and John 3.16. Testam ent ofSolomon 3.17. Rabbinic Literature 67 68 69 71 72 73 78 79 Chapter 4 Greek, Roman, and Christian Sources 4.1. Classical Sources in Greek and Latin 4.1.1. Cassius Dio 4.1.2. Historia Augusta 4.1.3. Pliny the Younger 4.1.4. Tacitus 4.2. Christian Writers and Literature 4.2.1. Justin Martyr 4.2.2. Eusebius 4.2.3. Orosius 4.2.4. Irenaeus 4.2.5. Epiphanius 81 81 81 83 84 84 85 86 86 88 89 89 Part III Society and Institutions Chapter 5 Economics 93 5.1. The Economy in the Early Roman Empire 5.2. Economic Factors in Judaea 5.2.1. From Herod to theGreat Revolt 5.2.2. From the Great Revolt to Bar Kokhva 5.2.3. The Fiscus Judaicus 5.3. Conclusions 93 98 100 107 108 110 Chapter 6 Jews in the Diaspora (4 BCE 6.1. 6.2. 6.3. 6.4. 6.5. 6.6. to 117 CE) Citizenship for Diaspora Jews? Egypt Syria, Asia Minor, and Greece Rome Mesopotamia Conclusions 112 112 119 123 128 133 136
Contents ix Chapter 7 Sects and Movements 7 1. Revolutionaries, ‘Bandits’, and Other Popular Movements 7.2. ‘Fourth Philosophy’ and the Sicarii 7.3. Zealots 7.4. Therapeutae 7.5. The Jesus Movement 7.6. Herodians 7.7. Baptismal Sects 7.7.1. Various Possible Groups? Sources and Arguments 7.7.2. Mandaeans 7.8. Conclusions 138 138 146 150 152 156 159 161 161 162 165 Chapter 8 Mystical and Gnostic Trends, and the Esoteric Arts 8.1. Mystical Developments 8.2. Prophets, Mystics, and Charismatic Individuals 8.3. Gnosticism and Judaism 8.3.1. Introduction 8.3.2. Sources 8.3.3. The Basic Gnostic Myth 8.3.4. Examples of Jewish and Gnostic Parallels 8.3.5. Discussion 8.3.6. Other Gnostic or Related Traditions 8.3.7. Conclusions with Regard to Gnosticism and Judaism 8.4. The Esoteric Arts: Magic and Controlling the Spirits 8.5. Conclusions 168 169 174 177 178 179 180 182 185 189 190 191 198 Chapter 9 Religion I: Temple Text, Religious Practice 202 9.1. Temple and Priesthood 9.1.1. The Sanhedrin 9.1.2. High Priests from Pompey to Vespasian 9.1.3. Synagogues 9.2. Biblical Text and Canon 9.2.1. Development of the Canon of Scripture 9.2.2. Textual Standardization 9.3. Religious Practice 9.3.1. The Question of Images and Art 9.3.2. Marriage and Divorce 9.3.3. Purity 9.4. Conclusions 202 202 208 211 212 212 218 222 222 225 237 237 and
x Contents Chapter 10 Religion II: Beliefs 240 10.1. Developing Views about God 10.1.1. Binitarianism, or ‘Two Powers in Heaven’ 10.1.2. The Figure of Wisdom and the Logos 10.2. Angelic Beings and the Spirit World 10.2.1. Texts 10.2.2. Summary on Angelic Beings 10.3. Messiahs 10.3.1. Texts 10.3.2. The ‘Suffering Messiah’ and the ‘Messiah ben Joseph’ 10.3.3.‘Son of Man’ 10.3.4. Conclusions about Messiahs 10.4. Eschatologies and Ideas of Salvation 10.4.1. Texts 10.4.2. Conclusions about Eschatology 10.5. Conclusions 240 244 247 253 253 255 256 257 261 262 272 274 274 280 283 Chapter 11 Religion III: Judaeophilia and Judaeophobia, Religious Rights, and Conversion 11.1. Pro-Judaism, Anti-Judaism, and Religious Rights 11.1.1. Pro-Jewish Statements 11.1.2. Anti-Judaism 11.1.3. Religious ‘Tolerance’ and Religious Rights 11.2. Judaism as a Mystery Religion 11.2.1. The Greek Mysteries 11.2.2. Judaism from a Hellenistic View 11.2.3. The Jewish God Dionysus 11.2.4. Models from Other Hellenistic Religions 11.2.5. Summary on Judaism as a Mystery Religion 11.3. Becoming a Member of the Jewish Community 11.4. Conclusions 286 286 287 290 294 296 296 297 298 299 300 3 01 306 Part IV Historical Synthesis Chapter 12 The Reign of Herod Archelaus and the Roman Province of Judaea (4 ВСЕ to 37 CE) 12.1. The Context for First-Century Jewish History 12.2. Augustus and Rome (4 BCE-14 СЕ) 12.3. The Herodian Succession: An Overview 12.4. Archelaus as Ethnarch (4 BCE-6 CE) 12.5. The Reign of Emperor Tiberius (14-37 CE) 311 311 312 315 316 320
Contents 12.6. Judaea a Roman Province (6^41 CE) 12.6.1. Judaea a‘Province’? 12.6.2. First Roman Governors of Judaea (6-26 CE) 12.6.3. Governorship of Pontius Pilate (26-36 CE) 12.6.4. End of Judaea as a Province 12.7. The Tetrarch Philip (4 BCE-34 CE) 12.8. The Tetrarch Herod Antipas (4 BCE-39 CE) 12.9. Conclusions xi 322 322 324 327 333 334 336 340 Chapter 13 The Reign of Agrippa I, Once More a Roman Province, and the ‘Spiral of Violence’ (37-66 CE) 13.1. Reign of Caligula (Gaius) (37-41 CE) 13.2. Agrippa I (37^14 CE) 13.2.1. Early Life 13.2.2. Caligula’s Attempt to Place his Statue in the Temple 13.2.3. Rest of Agrippa I’s Reign 13.3. The Reign of Claudius (41-54 CE) 13.4. Agrippa II (44-94? CE) 13.5. Nero (54-68 CE) 13.6. Judaea a Roman Province Again (44-66 CE) 13.6.1. Overview 13.6.2. Cuspius Fadus (44^16? CE) 13.6.3. Tiberius Julius Alexander (46?-48 CE) 13.6.4. Ventidius Cumanus (48-52 CE) 13.6.5. Antonius Felix (52-59? CE) 13.6.6. Festus (59?-62 CE) 13.6.7. Lucceius Albinus (62-64) 13.6.8. Gessius Floms (64-67 CE) 13.7. Conclusions 342 343 344 345 347 352 356 358 361 363 363 364 365 367 369 373 373 376 376 Chapter 14 The Great Revolt—The War with Rome (66-73/74 CE) 14.1. Background 14.1.1. Judaean Society 14.1.2. ‘The Spiral of Violence’ 14.1.3. Causes of the War 14.2. Beginnings of the War with Rome (66-67 CE) 14.2.1. Initial Events 14.2.2. Defeat of Cestius 14.2.3. Preparations for War 14.2.4. Preparations in Galilee 14.3. Galba, Otho, Vitellius (68-69 CE) 14.4. The Rest of the War (67-70 CE) 14.4.1. Vespasian’s Campaign against Galilee 378 379 379 382 384 386
386 3 91 395 397 400 401 401
Contents xii 14.4.2. Jerusalem Isolated and Surrounded 14.4.3. Jewish Infighting 14.4.4. Final Siege of Jerusalem 14.4.5. Destruction of the Temple and End of the War 14.4.6. Why Did They Hold Out? 14.5. Post-70 Fighting 14.6. Conclusions 406 409 412 416 421 422 428 Chapter 15 Roman Control (from 70 to c. 150 CE) 15.1. Historical Overview 15.2. Rule of the Roman Empire: Vespasianto Hadrian 15.2.1. Vespasian (69-79 CE) 15.2.2. Titus (79-81 CE) 15.2.3. Domitian (81-96 CE) 15.2.4. Nerva (96-98 CE) 15.2.5. Trajan (98-117 CE) 15.2.6. Hadrian (117-38 CE) 15.3. Administration of Judaea (70 to post-135 CE) 15.4. Beginnings of Rabbinic Judaism at Yavneh (70-130 CE) 15.5. Lives of Two Ordinary’ Jewish Women 15.5.1. Babatha 15.5.2. Salome Komai se 15.6. The Revolts under Trajan 15.6.1. Cyrenaica, Egypt, Cyprus, and Mesopotamia 15.6.2. The Question of Palestine in the Revolt under Trajan 15.7. The Bar-Kokhva Revolt (132-136 CE) 15.7.1. Outline of the Revolt 15.7.2. Causes of the Bar-Kokhva Revolt 15.7.3. Chronology of the Bar Kokhva Revolt 15.7.4. Territory in Bar Kokhva’s Kingdom 15.7.5. The Question of Bar Kokhva’s Messiahship and R. Aqiva’s Part in the Revolt 15.8. Conclusions 431 431 435 436 437 439 440 441 442 444 447 453 454 456 458 458 461 465 466 472 479 482 485 488 Part V Conclusions Chapter 16 The Jews and Judaism in the Second Temple Period— Holistic Perspective a 16.1. Overview 16.1.1. Jewish Identity 16.1.2. Religious Practice and Belief 16.1.3. Life in the Diaspora 493 493 494 497 504
Contents 16.2. Survey of History 16.2.1. Persian Period 16.2.2. The Greek Conquest and Ptolemaic Rule 16.2.3. The Seleucids Take Over 16.2.4. The Maccabaean Revolt and the Hasmonaean Kingdom 16.2.5. Roman Control 16.2.6. The Herodian Kingdom 16.2.7. Rule as a Roman Province 16.2.8. Agrippa I and Agrippa II 16.2.9. Province a Second Time and the Path to War 16.2.10. The ‘Seventy Years War’ Bibliography Index of References Index of Authors Index of Subjects xiii 505 505 507 509 512 515 516 517 518 519 520 523 586 604 613
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spellingShingle | Grabbe, Lester L. 1945- A history of the Jews and Judaism in the Second Temple period Library of Second Temple studies Juden (DE-588)4028808-0 gnd |
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title | A history of the Jews and Judaism in the Second Temple period |
title_auth | A history of the Jews and Judaism in the Second Temple period |
title_exact_search | A history of the Jews and Judaism in the Second Temple period |
title_full | A history of the Jews and Judaism in the Second Temple period Volume 4 The Jews under the Roman shadow (4 BCE-150 CE) Lester L. Grabbe |
title_fullStr | A history of the Jews and Judaism in the Second Temple period Volume 4 The Jews under the Roman shadow (4 BCE-150 CE) Lester L. Grabbe |
title_full_unstemmed | A history of the Jews and Judaism in the Second Temple period Volume 4 The Jews under the Roman shadow (4 BCE-150 CE) Lester L. Grabbe |
title_short | A history of the Jews and Judaism in the Second Temple period |
title_sort | a history of the jews and judaism in the second temple period the jews under the roman shadow 4 bce 150 ce |
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topic_facet | Juden Römisches Reich |
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