Poland's constitutional breakdown:
Gespeichert in:
| Beteilige Person: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Oxford
Oxford University Press
2019
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| Ausgabe: | First edition |
| Schriftenreihe: | Oxford comparative constitutionalism
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| Schlagwörter: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031315744&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031315744&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031315744&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Beschreibung: | Bibliographie: Seite [273]-279 |
| Umfang: | xiv, 289 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9780198840503 |
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| adam_text | Contents List ofAbbreviations xiii 1. Anti-constitutional Populist Backsliding 2. Before the Breakdown: 1989-2015 3. Dismantling Checks and Balances (I): The Remaking of the Constitutional Tribunal 4. Dismantling Checks and Balances (II): Judges and Prosecutors 5. Undoing the Institutions of the Democratic State 6. An Assault on Individual Rights 7. Why Did It Happen? 8. Europe to the Rescue 9. Illiberal Democracy or Populist Authoritarianism? Afterword 1 35 58 96 132 150 162 192 242 267 Bibliography Index 273 281
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 279 Weyland, К., ‘Populism: A Political-Strategic Approach’ in C.R. Kaltwasser, P. Taggart, P. Ochoa-Espejo, and P. Ostiguy (eds), The Oxford Handbook ofPopulism (OUP 2017). Winczorek, P., ‘The Political Circumstances of the Drafting of the Republic of Poland’s Con stitution of 2 April 1997’ in M. Wyrzykowski (ed.), Constitutional Essays (Institute of Pub lic Affairs 1999). Winczorek, R, ‘The Polish Constitutional System and The Law Making Process’ in J. Kucharczyk and J. Zbieranek (eds), Democracy in Poland 1989-2009: Challenges for the Future (Institute of Public Affairs 2010). Wyrzykowski, M., ‘Legitimacy: The Price of a Delayed Constitution in Poland’ in J. Zielonka (ed.) Democratic Consolidation in Europe, voi. 1 (OUP 2001). Wyrzykowski, M,, ‘Antigone in Warsaw’ in M. Zubik (ed.) Human Rights in Contemporary World: Essays in Honour ofProfessor Leszek Garlicki (Wydawnictwo Sejmowe 2017). Zajadło, ‘Pojęcie „imposybilizm prawny” a polityczność prawa i prawoznawstwa’ (2017) 3 Państwo i Prawo 17. Zakaria, E, ‘The Rise of Illiberal Democracy’ (1997) 76 Foreign Affairs 22.
Index abortion 49,58-59 ‘abusive constitutionalism’ 13,243-44 accession to the EU 199-202 political conditionality 200 ABW (Internal Security Agency) 157-58 Ackerman, Bruce 38,44-45 actio populáris 84-85 Agencja Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego (Internal Security Agency) 157-58 agenţie theories 163,166-67 amendments, constitutional 16-18,52-53 Amar, Akhil Reed 256-58 Anders, Anna Maria 117-18 anti-constitutional populist backsliding vi, 1-2, 14,58 ‘anti-constitutionaľ 14-20 ‘backsliding’ vii, 27-29,200-1 incremental change 5-6 invisible changes 6-8 ‘populist’ 20-27,246-47 anti-establishment sentiments 168,171-72, 173,175 anti-globalism 168,170 anti-Islamism 173 anti-modernism 10 anti-pluralism 20-21,22,23-24,247 anti-Semitism 157 anti-Western orientation 11-12 Antpöhler, C 231-32 Aranyosi and Căldăraru case (CJEU) 203,204, 205,207 Arendt, Hannah 251 Arndt, Wojciech, 135 Article 7 procedure 134-35,172,192-93,201,203-7, 213-18,220-22,227-28,229-30,232 procedure regarding Poland 225-27 sanctions 222-24 assembly see freedom of assembly Associação Sindical dos Juízes Portugueses case (CJEU) 205,207 asylum-seekers 145,159 (see abo reftıgees) Aviation Law 59-60 authoritarianism 13,227-28,232 Hungary 2,4,26-27,227-28,232 playbook 269-70 Singapore 4 stealth authoritarianism 7-8 strategies to consolidate power 261-62 uses of constitutions 18-19 vs populism 20,26 backlash 12-13 backsliding see anti-constitutional populist backsliding Balcerowicz, Leszek 40-41,138,268 Balkin, Jack 8-9 Barber, Nicholas 184,185 Bárd, Petra 205 Bellamy, Richard 251-52 Bermeo, Nancy 5-6 Białowieża forest case
(CJEU) 208-10 bicameralism 38,179,180 Biernat, Stanisław 16-17,68,74,79 Blokker, Paul 172-73,251 Bodnar, Adam 82-84,86,150,153,267-68, see also Ombudsman Bojarski, Łukasz 254-55 Bonikowski, Bart 22,167,171,248 BottYves 209 Brexit 25,172-73,181 Broadcasting Council see National Broadcasting Council Brudziński, Joachim 142 ‘brushback 261 Bugarič, Bojan 26-27,86,186 Canada 257 Catholic Church 10,11-12,46-47,138,139 (see also Christian values; church-state relationship) CBA (Central Anti-Corruption Bureau) 118-19 CEE see Central and Eastern Europe Celmer, Artur v, 202-5 Celmer case (CJEU) 202-8 censorship 267-68 Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) populism 1-2,24 post-transitional democracies 27,86-88,180 Central Anti-Corruption Bureau (CBA) 118-19 centralization 179 Centralne Biuro Antykorupcyjne (Central Anti-Corruption Bureau) 118-19 Chafetz, Josh 259 Chavez, Hugo 178-79
282 INDEX checks and balances vi-vii, 2,8,15-16,26-27,38-39, 58,88,123,132,144,159,164,168,172-73,175, 177,178-79,183,186,229-30,245 Chief Justice see Gersdorf, Małgorzata Christian values 4,11,46,58-59,144-45,171 church-state relationship Constitution of 1997 46 pre-2015 58-59 Cioch, Henryk 64-66,75 Citizens ofthe Republic of Poland 154 Civic Legislative Forum 134 Civic Platform party see PO civil liberties 26-27 civil service 136-38 civil society 144-46,267-68, see also NGOs civility of discourse 8-9 Closa, Carlos 215 dientelism 138, see abo spoils and patronage collection of money 145-46 Committee for Public Benefit 144-45 Committee of Defence of Democracy (KOD) 117-18 comparative constitutional law 250 comprehensiveness of change 5 concentration camps 155 Confederation of Independent Poland (KPN) 49 consensus vi-vii, 3,6-7,19-20,22,53,86,102, 170.186 Constitution amendments 16-19 Constitution of 1952 35-36,41 Constitution of 1997 legitimacy and durability 52-54 process 43-45 substance 45-50 direct application 83-84,86,97 Round Table (RT) agreements 36-39,42 ‘Small Constitution 36,39-42,47-48 violations 15-16,19-20 constitutional breakdown 2-12 (see also anti-constitutional populist backsliding) agenţie theories 163,166-67 causes 162 paranoia 162-64,166-67 post-Smolensk 164-66 populism see populism constitutional consensus vi-vii, 3,6-7,19-20, 22.53.86.102.170.186 constitutional coup 14 ‘constitutional hardball’ 260-61 ‘constitutional moment’ 36,53-54 constitutional referendum 50,53 constitutional review 86,87-88,244,247 decentralized review 96-97 institutional design
180-81,182 constitutional rights see human rights; individual rights; political rights constitutional rot 12-13 constitutional scrutiny 83-84 Constitutional Tribunal (CT) v, 35 appointment of president 74 church-state relations 58-59 conservatism 58-59 Constitution of 1997 49-50 contest of competencies 80-81 election ofjudges 180-81 European Court of Human Rights and 86 human rights record 59-60 incapacitation by PiS 3,5,7,15-16,19, 58,61,150,180-81,185-86 blame games 85 comparison with Hungary 84-85 court-packing 61-70,75,184-85,186 fall in number ofjudgments 84 legislative bombardment 2015-16 70-75 refusal to publish judgments 75-79 Rule of Law Framework recommendations 220,221 transformation of the CT into government’s enabler 79-84 institutional self-defence 184-85 legal culture 86 linguistic minorities 58-59 media freedom 58-59 non-published judgments 75-79,126 PiS legislative initiatives blocked by 60-61 politically sensitive cases 69 powers ofthe executive and legislative 73-74 pre-1997 42-43 pre-2015 58-61 quasi-judges 62,64-66,69-70,75, 82-84,152-53,220-21,258 separate opinions 82-83 Venice Commission Opinions on 193-95,196 Consultative Council of European Judges (CCJE) 100 contest of competencies 80-81 Copenhagen Commission (proposed) 230-31 Copenhagen criteria 192,200,202,230 Council of Europe (CoE) 100,192-93 Council of Ministers 35 Council of National Media 16-18 Council of State 35 counter-revolution 10-11 counter-terrorist measures 157-59 Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) 106,193 case law Celmer case v, 202-8,215 environmental protection 208-10
INDEX judicial independence and retirement age 210-12 preliminary references 211-13,227-28 court-packing 61-70,75,184-85,186,258-59, 260-61 court presidents 115-19 criminal defendants 150 judges 119 cultural counter-revolution 10-11 cultural norms 179,186 cumulative effect 5,58,123-24 cynicism 260 Czabański, Krzysztof 15 Czarnota, Adam 252-53 Czerwińska, Małgorzata 119 Czeszkiewicz, Dominik 117-18 De Burea, Gráinne 232 death threats 172 decentralization 96-97,179 decentralized judicial review, see diffuse judicial review democracy see also illiberal democracy, representative democracy delegative democracy (DD) 242,243 direct democracy 50 liberal democracy 247-48,251-52 populism and 244-53 representative democracy 245-46 democratic backlash 12-13 democratic decay 12-13 democratic deficits 244-45 Democratic Left Alliance (SLD) 43-44,50-51 deportation 159 diffuse judicial review 83-84,96-98 direct democracy 50 disabilities 176 disciplinary system for judiciary, 112-13,118-21, 227 distrust 8-10,260 Dobrowolski, Tomasz 78 Donnelly, Aileen v Duda, Andrzej 1,10,11,15,19,62-63,64-66, 81-82,98-99,175 judicial appointments 101,102,107, 108-10,111-12,196,212 new law on statements violating the reputation of Poland 156 presidential pardons 80-81,253-54,257 support for freedom of assembly 152-53 unconstitutional actions 183-84 Dunin, Artur 78 Dworkin, Ronald 216-17 economic growth 2,169 economic insecurity 168,169 283 Ehrlich, Stanisław 14-15 electoral system 112-13,140-43,159,173-74, 261-62 Hungary 140,143 ehtes 20-22,97-98,168,169,171-72,175,177-78, 201,244-45,246 emergency 184
environmental protection 208-10 Equality Parade 60-61,152 EU see European Union European Arrest Warrant (EAW) v, 50-51,59-60, 202,203,204-5 European Commission 72,78-79,192,218-21, 225-27 European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) 86, 150,152-53,192-93,197-202,230 European Court of Justice (ECJ) see Court of Justice of the European Union European Network of Councils for the Judiciary 106 European Parliament 227-28,261 European Union 52-53,59-60,134-35,192 ambivalence towards 170 Article 7 procedure 134-35,172, 192-93,201,203-7,213-18, 220-22,227-28,229-30,232 procedure regarding Poland 225-27 sanctions 222-24 constitutional and democratic meaning of accession 199-202 enlargement 192 policing member states 227-32 Rule of Law Framework 213-18, 227-28,229-30,231 proceedings against Poland 218-22 subsidies 169 exhumation case 197-99 extraordinary review 114 extradition v fair trial 204,205 federalism 180 Feldman, Noah 179 Fidesz party 3,143,174 Foa, Roberto 247 foreign policy 11-12 foreign pressure 82 (see also European Commission; European Court ofHuman Rights; Venice Commission) Frasyniuk, Władysław 267-68 freedom of assembly 59-61,82,151-54,247 anti-government rallies 154 ‘cyclical assemblies’ 82,151,152-53 Equality Parade 60-61,152 Freedom of Information requests 76-77
284 INDEX freedom ofspeech 139,154-59,185,247 Freedom Union (UW) 49,50-51 Fronczyk, Alicja 119 Gardbaum, Stephn 86-88 Garlicki, Leszek 43 gay pride parades 60-61,152 Gazeta Wyborcza 39 Gdula, Maciej 9,171 Geremek, Bronisław 11-12,38 Germany 11-12 German Basic Law 38-39 Gersdorf, Małgorzata 16-17,81-82,96,104, 105,107,108-11,227 Gidron, Noam 169,171 Ginsburg, Tom 5-6,61,85,180-81 globalization 168,170 Gowin, Jarosław 174 Granat, Mirosław 65 Greece 24-25 Griffith, John 251-52 Gross, Jan T. 155 Grzymala-Busse, Anna 255-56 habeas corpus 183 Habermasjürgen 247-48 Haider, Jörg 222,224 Hall, Peter 169,171 Hauser, Roman 62,65 Herbert, Zbigniew 162 Hermeliński, Wojciech 143 High Court of Ireland 202-5 Hillion, Christophe 229 historical policy 137 heroism and victimhood 155 Holocaust 85,155,156 Institute ofNational Remembrance 137,154-55 Second World War 11-12,154-55,157 Hofstadter, Richard 163-64 Holmes, Stephen 172,267,268 Holocaust 85,155,156,258 horizontal accountability 243 human rights 59-60,150,159 (see aho individual rights) Hungary Article 7 procedure 225 as the model 3-4 authoritarianism 2,4,26-27,227-28,232 constitutional changes 17,18,26-27 different than Poland 4-5,17-18,84-85 ECtHR case law 197 electoral system 140,143 Fidesz party 3,143,174 populism 2,3 right-wing‘reforms’ 3-4 incapacitation of the constitutional court 84-85,106 Huq.Aziz 5-6,180 hybrid regimes 14 identity politics 8-9,177-78,246-47 illiberal democracy 11,13,243,244-45, 247-48 illiberal impatience 168,172-73 immigration 169,170-72,177-78 ‘impossibilism’ 172-73 incrementalism 5-6 independent media 267-68
individual rights 48,58-60,159,248 (see also human rights; political rights) freedom of assembly 59-61,82,151-54 freedom of speech 139,154-59 privacy rights vs counter-terrorism measures and Police Act 157-59 infringement actions 192-93,208-11,227-28 systemic infringement action 202,228-30 Institute of National Remembrance (Instytut Pamięci Narodowej) 137,154-55 institutional design 179,180-82,186 institutional fragility 179,182-87 institutional resilience 181-82 institutional self-defence 184 insurance theory ofjudicial review 61 Internal Security Agency (ABW) 157-58 Internet 139 InvocatioDei 46 Ioannidis.M. 231 Islam 177-78 Issacharoff, Samuel 180,243,248,249 lustitia 102,113,116 Iwulski, Józef 108-10 Jaki, Patryk 119 Jakubeckl, Andrzej 62,65 Jaruzelski, Wojciech 37,38,39,42-43,45-46 Jaskulski, Marek 103 Jedwabne massacre 155-56 Jędrejek, Grzegorz 75 Jędrzejewski, Zbigniew 75 Johann, Wiesław 111-12 journalists 154 Jourova.Vera 231-32 judges allocation of cases 122 appointment of court presidents 115-19 career progression 122-23 court-packing 61-70,75,184-85,186,258-59, 260-61 direct application of the Constitution 83-84,97
INDEX harassment, persecution, and disciplinary proceedings 118-21 independence v, 86-87,123-24,207,210-11,220 legal culture 86 ‘midnight judges’ 64 National Council of the Judiciary see KRS PiS reforms’ 8,98-99,106-15 Law on the KRS 99-106 Law on the Organization of Common Courts 115-24 Law on the Public Prosecutor’s Office (prokuratura) 124-26 Law on the Supreme Court 106-15 political control of 123,162-63 powers of the Minister of Justice (MJ) 115-17, 118,120-21,122,227 merger with the Public Prosecutor’s Office 124-26 propaganda campaigns against judges 98,99 public perceptions 99,123 quasi-judges 62,64-66,69-70,75, 82-84,152-53,220-21,258 removal by Sejm 73-74 judicial independence 86-85,100,123-24 judicial review 7,19,83-84,179,252,253 insurance theory 6 і legislative override 49-50,86-87 ‘weak review’ 86-87 JudisJohn 24-25 Kaczyński, Jarosław 1,2-3,4,6-7,11-12,19,58, 80-81,83,140 anti-constitutional centre ofpower 14-15, 51-52,125,245 assault on institutions 182 breaching unwritten norms 253-54 commemorations of Smoleńsk air crash 82,151-52,165-66 continuing popularity 177 exclusionarypopulism 246-47 paranoia 163-64,167 post-Smoleńsk 164-66 sources of success 168,170,171,172-73, 174-75 vote maximization 25 Kaczyński, Lech 1,2-3,51-52,60-61,99-100 death in Smolensk air crash 82,151-52,164 Kaltwasser, Cristóbal Rovira 22 Kaminski, Mariusz 80-81,97-98,253-54,257 Karp, Hanna 139 Katyń massacre 164 Kelemen, R. Daniel 232 Kis, János 8 Kiszczak, Czesław 38 Kluziak, Małgorzata 118 285 Kochenov, Dimitry 159,202, 214-15, 216, 229-30, 231 KOD (Committee ofDefence of Democracy)
117-18 Kołodziej, Magdalena 126 Komitet Obrony Demokracji (Committee of Defense of Democracy) 117-18 Komorowski, Bronisław 1,52-53,81-82, 171-72,175 Koncewicz, Tomasz Tadeusz 58,156,203,226 Konfederacja Polski Niepodległej 49 Kowalczyk, Henryk 209 Kozlovska, Lyudmyla 159 KPN (Confederation of Independent Poland) 49 Krajewski, Michał 205 Krajowa Rada Sądownictwa (National Council of the Judiciary) see KRS Krastev, Ivan 200 KRS (National Council ofthe Judiciary) 16-17, 98-99,142, 249-50 changes to manner ofelection ofmembers 79-80 law on the KRS 79-80,99-106,254 control over appointment of court presidents 116-17 executive control of 121,123-24 judicial component 100-1,227,257-58 Venice Commission Opinion on 193,196 Krygier, Martin 6-7,79,87-88,255 Kuchciński, Marek 134-35,254 Kukiz-15 party 103,132,157,222 Kurski, Jacek 15 Kwasniewski, Aleksander 43-45 Labour Union (UP) 49 Landau, David 13,18,243-44 Law, David 19 Law and Justice party (PiS) see PiS Le Drian, Jean Yves 232 Le Pen, Marine 167-68 League of Polish Families 2-3,50-51 Legal Service ofthe European Council 214 legal culture 86 legal norms see norms legal constitutionalism 251,252-53 ‘legal scepticism’ 172-73 legalism 19-20 legislative bombardment 70-75 legislative fast-tracking 133-34 legislative override 49-50 legitimacy 242,259-60 Levitsky, Steven 162,260-62 liberal constitutionalism 86 liberalelite 169,177-78,244-45 liberal rights 48,58-60,247-48, see also human rights; political rights
286 INDEX Liga Pokkich Rodzin see League of Polish Families Lincoln, Abraham 168 linguistic minorities 58-59 Linz, Juan 244 Lithuania 24 logging 208-10 Lust, Ellen 28-29,166,167 lustration 60-61 Łączewski, Wojciech 104 Łętowska, Ewa 43 Maciejewska, Ewa 119-20 Macierewicz, Antoni 154,165-66,174 Madison, James 182,183 Magen, Amichai 216-17 Mainwaring, Scott 166 majoritarianism 2,3,6-7,8,58-59,61,84,86, 172-74,242,252-53 ‘Martian’s tesť 7 Matczak, Marcin 104 Matyja, Rafal 162-64 May, Theresa 181 Mayer, Robert 246-47 Mazowiecki, Tadeusz 11-12,39,46 Mazur, Leszek 104 Mazur, Witold 104 media 16-17,26-27 ‘déconcentration 139,140 foreign ownership 139 independent media 267-68 KRRiTV 139 monopolization by PİS 138-40 ‘repolonization’ 139,140 TVP 21 Michnik, Adam 39,267-68 ‘midnight judges’ 64 migrants 168,170,171-72 militant democracy 183 Miller, Jerzy 164-65 Milosz, Czeslaw x Minister ofJustice (MJ) 115-17,118,120-21, 122,227 merger with Public Prosecutor’s Office 124-26 misogyny 150 Mitera, Maciej 3,104 Morawiecki, Mateusz 10,11,78-79,134-35,221-22 Morawski, Lech 64-66,75 Mounk, Yascha 247 Moustafa, Tamir 85,180-81 Moynihan, Daniel Patrick 260 Mudde, Cas 244-45 Müller, Jan-Werner 21-24,230,231 multiculturalism 169 Muslims 171,173 Muszyński, Mateusz 63-66,69-70,75,81-83, 152-53,258,267-68 naming and shaming 192-93,220,224 National Broadcasting Council 16-17,43,51-52, 60-61 National Council of the Judiciary see KRS National Electoral Commission (PKW) 141-43,144 National Electoral Bureau 141 National Institute of Freedom 144-45 national media see media National School for Judiciary
and Public Prosecution 121 nationalism І0,150,168,170 NATO 2,27 neo-Nazis 10,157 newspapers 140 NGOs 3,4,10,144-46,150,154,159,197 Nitras, Sławomir 135 Nixon, Richard 181,260-61 norms 179,186 unwritten norms 253-61 North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) 192 Nowoczesna party 132 Nowogrodzka street 15 Obóz Narodowo-Radykalny (ONR) 10 Obywatele RP (Citizens of the Republic of Poland) 154 O’Donnell, Guillermo A. 242-43 Ombudsman 19-20,35,50-51,82-84,144,152, 153,158,196,267-68 Open Dialogue Foundation 159 opposition parties 132-35,254,260 Orbán, Victor 3,4,6-7, see also Hungary assault on institutions 182 constitutional changes 17 Państwowa Komisja Wyborcza (National Electoral Commission) 141-43,144 paranoia 162-64,166-67,268 post-Smolensk 164-66 pardons, presidential 80-81,253-54,257 Parliament see Sejm parliamentary override 49-50 Paruch, Waldemar 135 Pawelczyk-Woicka, Dagmara 102,117 Pech, Laurent 202,214-15,220 Pérez-Liñan, Annibai 166 Peron, Juan 260-61 Piątek, Tomasz 154 Piebiak, Łukasz 121 Pietrzak, Magdalena 141 Pilarczyk, Agnieszka 119 PiS (Law and Justice party) vi-vii, 15,242
INDEX assault on individual rights 150-51,159 freedom of assembly 59-61,82,151-54 freedom ofspeech 139,154-59 privacy rights vs counter-terrorism measures and Police Act 157-59 constitutional violations 19-20,96 continuing popularity 175-79 electoral victory 2015 2-3,269-70 Hungarian parallels and differences 4-5 incapacitation of Constitutional Tribunal (CT) 3,5,7,15-16,19,58,61,150,180-81 blame games 85 comparison with Hungary 84-85 court-packing 61-70,75,184-85,186 fall in number ofjudgments 84 legislative bombardment 70-75 refusal to publish judgments 75-79 Rule of Law Framework recommendations 220,221 transformation of the CT into government’s enabler 79-84 Venice Commission Opinions on 193-95,196 legislative initiatives blocked by Constitutional Tribunal 60-61 manipulation of distrust 9-10 paranoia 163,166 post-Smolensk 165-66 ‘reform’ of the judiciary 8,98-99,115,249-50 Law on the KRS 99-106,254 Law on the Organization of Common Courts 115-24 Law on the Public Prosecutor’s Office (prokuratura) 124-26 ruling in 2005-7 50-52,53-54 sources ofsuccess 168,169,170,172-73,174-75 strategies to consolidate power 261-62 undoing institutions of the democratic state 132,146,243,249,267 civil society 144-46 dismantling neutral and professional civil service 136-38 electoral system 140-43,159 Parliament: silencing and delegitimation of the opposition 132-35 public media 138-40,154 voter profiles 168 Piskorski, Justyn 75 PKW (National Electoral Commission) 141-43,144 Platforma Obywatelska (Civic Platform) see PO ‘plebiscitary autocracy’ 248-49 pluralism 139,144-45 PO (Civic
Platform party) 1,44,62,78,83,132, 134-35,165 election failure in 2015 171-72,173-77,178-79 voter profiles 168 287 polarization 178 police powers 158-59 Venice Commission Opinion on 193,195 Polish Peasants’ Party (PSL) 1,44,49,62,132,135 Polish United Workers’ Party (PZPR) 35,37, 40-41 political constitutionalism 251-53 political culture 186-87 political distrust 8-10,260 political polarization 178 political rights 150,159 political values 216-17 politics of identity 8-9,177-78,246-47 Polska Zjednoczona Robotnicza (Polish United Workers Party) 35,37,40-41 Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe (Polish Peasants’ Party 1,44,49,62,132,135 populism vi, 1-2,13,20-27 (see also anti-constitutional populist backsliding) anti-pluralism 20-21,22,23-24,247 assault on individual rights 150-51 Brexit 25 CEE 1-2,24 democracy and vi-vii, 244-53 effective populism 167-68 emergence 1-2,167-75 exclusionary nature 246-47 forms oflaw 6-7 Hungary 2,3 institutional 23-24 left-wing populism 24,25,248 loss of trust and 8-10 persistence 175-79 political constitutionalism and 251-53 right-wing populism 2-3,25 self-destruction 268-69 vote maximization 25 vs authoritarianism 20,26 welfare policies 20,25 populist democracy vi-vii Posner, Eric 185-86 post-communist transformations 1989-2015 27 Constitution of 1952 35-36,41 Constitution of 1997 challenge of2005-7 50-52,53-54 legitimacy and durability 52-54 process 43-45 substance 45-50 Constitutional Tribunal Constitution of 1997 49-50 pre-1997 42-43 Round Table (RT) agreements 36-39,42 ‘Small Constitution’ 36,39-42,47-48 Poświata, Agnieszka 119 Pozen, David 259
288 INDEX Prawo i Sprawiediwość (Law and Justice party) see ИЅ preliminary references see Court of Justice of the European Union President of Poland see Duda, Andrzej presidential pardons 80-81,253-54,257 presidential portfolios 41 presidential vetoes 98-99,101,106 press 139,140 Primus, Richard 258-59 privacy rights 157-59,247 Venice Commission Opinion on 193,195 prokuratura see Public Prosecutor’s Office propaganda 4,21-22,122-23,140-41,177 against judges 98,99 national media 138,154 Przeworski, Adam 35-36 Przyłębska, Julia 63-67,68-70,75,78-79,82-83, 157-58 PSL (Polish Peasants’ Party) 1,44,49,62,132,135 Pszczółkowski, Piotr 70, 75 public administration 136-38 public assemblies see freedom of assembly public discourse see civility ofdiscourse public media see media pubbc morality 59-60,152 Public Prosecutor’s Office 124-26 Venice Commission Opinion on 193,195-96 purges 98,112,116-17,126,137,138,141 PZPR (Polish United Workers’ Party) 35,37,40-41 Quasi-judges 62,64-66,69-70,75,82-84, 152-53,220-21,258 racism 10,157,172,173 radio 139 Radio Maryja 10,138 Rapaczynski, Andrzej 39 Rechtsstaat 38-39,42-43 redistributive policy 25 referenda 50,53 refugees 145,168,170,177-78,197-98, see also immigration ‘repolonization’ 139,140 representative democracy 242,246 retirement age 176-77 judges 4,16-17,26-27,81-82,96,106-10, 121,123-24,210,211-12,220,222 Reverse Solange doctrine 229-30 right to life 49 Roosevelt, Franklin D. 186,258-59,260-61 Round Table (RT) agreements 36-39,42 rule of law v, 82,86,105,159,192,195,212, 216-17,232 ECtHRimpact 198,199 unwritten norms and 253-61 Rule of
Law Framework (EU) 213-18,227-28, 229-30,231 proceedings against Poland 218-22 Rummens, Stefan 22-23 Russia 11-12 Rydzyk, Tadeusz 138,139 Rymar, Stanisław 67 Rzepliński, Andrzej 64-65,75-76,79,98-99, 101-2,184-85 Sarjan, Marek 77 Samoobrona (Self-Defence party) 2-3,24,50-51 sanctions 192-93,222-24 Schengen Information System 159 Scheppele, Ют Lane 225-26,228-29,232 Second World War 11-12,154-55,157 Sejm (Parliament) Constitutional Tribunal and 42-43 election ofjudges 62,63-64,75,100-1,102 institutional fragility 186 legislative fast-tracking 133-34 opposition parties 132-35,254 parliamentary question time 134-35 post-communist transformations 1989-2015 35 Constitution of 1997 44-46, 47-48, 50,52-53 Round Table (RT) agreements 37-39 ‘Small Constitution’ 39-40,41,47-48 removal ofjudges 73-74 Self-Defence party (Samoobrona) 2-3,24,50-51 semi-presidentialism 38,42,45-46,47-48,179,242 Senate 37,133-34,179 post-communist transformations 1989-2015 37-40,45-46,50,52-53 senators sitting on the KRS 100-1 separation of powers 41,49-50,82 ‘sham constitutions’ 19 Singapore 5 single-issue protests 9 Skąpska, Grażyna 17 SLD (Democratic Left Alliance) 43-44,50-51 Slebzak, Krzysztof 62,65 Slovakia 24 ‘Small Constitution’ 36,39-42,47-48 Smoleńsk air crash 82,151-52,164-66 aftermath and ECtHR ruhng 197-99 Snyder, Timothy 165-66,174-75 social cohesion 168 social media 267-68 social protest movements 267-68 social psyche 177-78 (see also historical policy) social security systems 211,212 socio-economic rights 48-49,53 Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej (Democratic Left Alliance) 43-44,50-51
INDEX Solidarność 36-37,38,39,40-41,44-45 Sobka and Rybicka v Poland (ECtHR) 197-99 sovereignty 12 Sowul,Jacek 117-18 Spain 24-25 spoils and patronage 138,270 Stanley, Ben 24,268-69 state administration 136-38 stealth authoritarianism 7-8 Stepan, Alfred 244 Strauss, David 184 Strzembosz, Adam 102 Styrna, Paweł 103 Suchocka, Hanna 49-50 Sunstein, Cass 246 Supreme Administrative Court (SAC) 35,105 Supreme Court Disciplinary Chamber 112-13,259 election of chief justice 81-82 Extraordinary Review and Public Affairs Chamber 112-13,139,259 lay judges 113 PiS ‘reform’: Law on the Supreme Court 106-15 preliminary reference 211-13 Venice Commission Opinion on 193,196 surveillance 82-84,195 Svolik, Milan 178-79 systemic infringement actions 228-30 Szarek, Jarosław 155-56 Szydło, Beata 76-77,78,98,122-23,135,174, 221-22 Szyszko, Jan 209 Tanchev, Evgeni 204-5 Terlecki, Ryszard 135 Themis 113 Timmermans, Frans 218-19 Tóth, Gábor Attila 6-7 transitional democracies 86-88,180 Trump, Donald 8-9,11-12,173,181,182,185 trust 8-Ю Tuleja, Piotr 67 Tuleya, Igor 119-20 Tuori, Kaarlo 228-30,231 Turkey vii, 180-81 Tushnet.Mark 5,15-16,257,260-61 Tusk, Donald 164,174-75,176-77 TV Trwam 138 Uitz, Renata 28,250 Unia Pracy (Labour Union) 49 289 United Nations 192 unwritten norms 253-61 UP (Labour Union) 49 Urbinati, Nadia 246 US Congress 186 UW (Freedom Union) 49,50-51 vacatio legis 72-73 van Ballegooij, Wouter 205 Varol, Ozan 7 Venezuela 178-79 Venice Commission (VC) v, 72-73,75,100-2, 158,192-96,213, 230-31 Vermeule, Adrian 182 Versteeg, Mila 19 veto points 179 vetoes see presidential vetoes von
Bogdandy, Armin 214,229,231 vote maximization 25 voting rights 140-43,159 Wade, Benjamin 256-57 Waldner, David 28-29,166,167 Waldron, Jeremy 180 Wałęsa, Lech 38,39,40-41,45-46,267-68 Warchoł, Michał vi Warciiíski, Michał 75 Waszczykowski, Witold 11 Watergate scandal 181 Way, Lucan 162 welfare policies 20,25,175-76 White Paper (Polish government) 226 Wilders, Geert 167-68 Winczorek, Piotr 53-54 Women’s Rights Centre 145 Wronkowska-Jaśkiewicz, Sławomira 68-69 Wyrembak, Jarosław 68-69,75 Wyrzykowski, Mirosław 16-17,42,45,74-75,77 xenophobia 10,150,168,170,173,175 Zabłocki, Stanisław 107 Zajadło, Jerzy 172-73 Zakaria, Fareed 13,247 Zakrzewska, Janina 43 Ziblatt, Daniel 260-62 Zielonacki, Andrzej 75 Ziobro, Zbigniew 51-52,67,103,104,105,111-12, 116,117-18,119,124-25,126 Zoll, Andrzej 102 Zubik, Marek 67 Żurek, Waldemar 117-19 MŐíIfifHWí
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Sadurski, Wojciech 1950- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)103618627 |
| author_facet | Sadurski, Wojciech 1950- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Sadurski, Wojciech 1950- |
| author_variant | w s ws |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV045933355 |
| classification_rvk | MG 92086 PL 719 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1108142956 (DE-599)KXP1666102989 |
| discipline | Rechtswissenschaft Politologie |
| edition | First edition |
| era | Geschichte 2015-2018 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 2015-2018 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Polen |
| id | DE-604.BV045933355 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-20T18:38:58Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780198840503 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-031315744 |
| oclc_num | 1108142956 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-11 DE-188 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-11 DE-188 |
| physical | xiv, 289 Seiten |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20190808 |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publishDateSearch | 2019 |
| publishDateSort | 2019 |
| publisher | Oxford University Press |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Oxford comparative constitutionalism |
| spellingShingle | Sadurski, Wojciech 1950- Poland's constitutional breakdown Autoritärer Staat (DE-588)4256521-2 gnd Politischer Wandel (DE-588)4175047-0 gnd Gewaltenteilung (DE-588)4071817-7 gnd Verfassung (DE-588)4062787-1 gnd Demokratie (DE-588)4011413-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4256521-2 (DE-588)4175047-0 (DE-588)4071817-7 (DE-588)4062787-1 (DE-588)4011413-2 (DE-588)4046496-9 |
| title | Poland's constitutional breakdown |
| title_auth | Poland's constitutional breakdown |
| title_exact_search | Poland's constitutional breakdown |
| title_full | Poland's constitutional breakdown Wojciech Sadurski |
| title_fullStr | Poland's constitutional breakdown Wojciech Sadurski |
| title_full_unstemmed | Poland's constitutional breakdown Wojciech Sadurski |
| title_short | Poland's constitutional breakdown |
| title_sort | poland s constitutional breakdown |
| topic | Autoritärer Staat (DE-588)4256521-2 gnd Politischer Wandel (DE-588)4175047-0 gnd Gewaltenteilung (DE-588)4071817-7 gnd Verfassung (DE-588)4062787-1 gnd Demokratie (DE-588)4011413-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Autoritärer Staat Politischer Wandel Gewaltenteilung Verfassung Demokratie Polen |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031315744&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031315744&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031315744&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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