Gulag memories: the rediscovery and commemoration of Russia's repressive past
Gespeichert in:
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
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New York ; Oxford
Berghahn
2018
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| Ausgabe: | English-language edition |
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| Abstract: | Though the institution of the Gulag was nominally closed over half a decade ago, it lives on as an often hotly contested site of memory in the post-socialist era. This ethnographic study takes a holistic, comprehensive approach to understanding memories of the Gulag, and particularly the language of commemoration that surrounds it in present-day Russian society. It focuses on four regions of particular historical significance-the Solovetsky Islands, the Komi Republic, the Perm region, and Kolyma-to carefully explore how memories become a social phenomenon, how objects become heritage, and how the human need to create places of memory has preserved the Gulag in specific ways today |
| Beschreibung: | "Polish-language edition, ©2012 Universitas, originally published by Universitas as Pamięć Gułagu." |
| Umfang: | IX, 238 Seiten Illustrationen, Karte |
| ISBN: | 9781785339271 |
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| 520 | 3 | |a Though the institution of the Gulag was nominally closed over half a decade ago, it lives on as an often hotly contested site of memory in the post-socialist era. This ethnographic study takes a holistic, comprehensive approach to understanding memories of the Gulag, and particularly the language of commemoration that surrounds it in present-day Russian society. It focuses on four regions of particular historical significance-the Solovetsky Islands, the Komi Republic, the Perm region, and Kolyma-to carefully explore how memories become a social phenomenon, how objects become heritage, and how the human need to create places of memory has preserved the Gulag in specific ways today | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | CONTENTS
List of Illustrations vi
Acknowledgements vii
Introduction 1
Methodology 15
Chapter 1. The Solovetsky Islands 23
Chapter 2. The Komi Republic 95
Chapter 3. Perm Krai 141
Chapter 4. Kolyma 165
Conclusion 187
Bibliography 205
Index 230
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Other Printed Matter
A brochure published in 2007 by the Pokayanie Komi Republic Charitable Social
Foundation for Victims of Political Repressions.
A brochure for the Levashov Cemetery published in 1999 by Memorial, titled ‘Nam
ostayetsya tolko imya . . .’. St Petersburg: Izdatelstvo DEAN.
SLON. OGPU. Fotoletopis, Gosudarstvenny Muzey Istorii Sankt-Peterburga, Sankt
Petersburg, 2004.
Catalogue titled Cathedral of Christ the Saviour, Moscow, 2005.
A brochure relating the history of the Butovo Firing Range and Church: Butovski
poligon, Hhram Svyatykh novomuchenikov i ispovednikov rossiyskikh 1937-2000.
226
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Pravoslavny tserkovny kalendar (the Orthodox Church Calendar), 2002.
A tour guide prepared by D.A. Tretyakov for the Perm-36 Museum exhibition - ‘Raz-
vernuty plan ekskursiy po Muzeyu politicheskikh repressiy Perm-36’.
Archives
Archive of the Inta Local History Museum (1992), NA 444 (a), ‘Ekskursiya po sle-
dam “Pamyatniki Inty kak otrazheniye istorii’”, authored by V.A. Aduyeva.
Archive of the Inta Local History Museum, NA 336, ‘Istoriya sozdaniya intinskogo
pamyatnika “Rodinie”’, authored by V.A. Aduyeva.
Archive of the Vorkuta Interregional Local History Museum, NA913/1, a the-
matic-expository plan for the Vorkuta zapolarnaya exhibition, designed by E.B.
Galinskaya.
Solovetsky Local History Museum Archive, 2_1_34, A. Soshina, A. Melnik, A.
Brodsky, Y. Bazhenov, topic-based display plan for the Solovetski lager osobogo na-
znacheniya 1923—1939godov exhibition.
Solovetsky Local History Museum Archive, 2_1_480_5 ‘Istoriya solovetskogo mona-
styrya’ obzornaya istoriko-arkhitekturnaya ekskursiya po Solovetskomy Kremlu,
1969.
Solovetsky Local History Museum Archive, 2_1_490_2, ‘Solovetskoye obshchestvo
krayevedeniya (spravka dla ekskursovodov)’, prepared by Melnik, 1981.
Solovetsky Local History Museum Archive, 2____1_501__1, ‘Solovetski lager osobogo
naznacheniya (spravka dla ekskursovodov)’, prepared by Melnik, 1987.
Solovetsky Local History Museum Archive, 2_1_513_2, ‘lektsiya “Gorky na
Solovkakh’”, prepared by Litvinov, 1979.
Recorded Interviews
[01_AA] - A.A. An employee of the Solovetsky Local History Museum, unautho-
rized interview, the Solovestsky Islands, August 2007.
[02_AA] - History student, inhabitant of Pechora, unauthorized interview, Pechora,
August 2007.
[03_AJ] - A.J., participant in a youth camp for volunteers at Perm-36, history teacher
in Perm, unauthorized interview, Kuchino, July 2008.
[04_AO] - A.O. Unauthorized interview with one of the Solovetsky Monastery Fa-
thers, the Solovetsky Islands, August 2017.
[05_NB] - Nikolay Baranov, employee of the Inta Natural History Museum who
leads youth expeditions of lagpunkts, which he has mapped by following the rail-
way lines in the Inta region, previously worked at the town’s architecture depart-
ment, unauthorized interview, Inta, August 2007.
[06_OB] — Olga Bochkareva, employee of the Local History Museum on the
Solovetsky Islands, unauthorized interview, Solovetsky Islands, August 2006.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
227
[07_OB] — Olga Bochkareva, employee of the Local History Museum on the
Solovetsky Islands, unauthorized interview, Solovetsky Islands, August 2007.
[08_ID] — Irina Dubrovina, representative of the Sovest Association in Kotlas, care-
taker of the Makarikha Cemetery, unauthorized interview, Kotlas, September
2017.
[09_ME] - Miron Etlis, Memorial representative in Magadan, former Kolyma pris-
oner, unauthorized interview, Magadan, July 2008.
[10__IF] — Irina Flige, representative of the St Petersburg chapter of Memorial, unau-
thorized interview, August 2006.
[11__IF] — Irina Flige, representative of the St Petersburg chapter of Memorial, unau-
thorized interview, August 2007.
[12_SG] - Sergey Golunov, inhabitant of Yagodnoye, creator of the monument to
the Innocent Victims of Political Repressions, unauthorized interview, Yagod-
noye, July 2008.
[13_AK] — Aleksandr Kalikh, representative of the Memorial branch in Perm, unau-
thorized interview, Perm, July 2008.
[14_AK] - Antonina Kargalina, former Mayor of Ukhta, unauthorized interview,
Ukhta, August 2007.
[15„GK] — Georgy Kozhokar, maker of monumental crosses in the traditional
Solovets style, works in the monastery workshops, unauthorized interview, the
Solovetsky Islands, August 2007.
[16_AI] — An inhabitant of Kuchino, unauthorized interview, Kuchino (Perm-36),
July 2008.
[17_JK] - Evgeniya Kulygina, Director of the Inta Local Museum in 2007, member
of Memorial, unauthorized interview, Inta, August 2007.
[18_RL] — Robert Latypov, youth division representative of the Perm branch of Me-
morial, organizer of the Along the Rivers of Memory kayaking trips, coordinator of
the Stvor Lager project, unauthorized interview, Perm, July 2008.
[19_VL] — Viktor Lozhkin, a Memorial representative in Abez, caretaker for many
years of the memorial cemetery in Abez, unauthorized interview, September 2017.
[20_AN] - A.N., an unauthorized interview with a member of the Syktyvkar branch
of the Memorial Society, an active participant in the events of 1988—90, Syk-
tyvkar, August 2007.
[21__VN] — Vladimir Naiman, inhabitant of Debin who erects crosses at the sites of
former camp cemeteries in Kolyma, unauthorized interview, Debin, July 2008.
[22__IP] — Ivan Panikarov, founder of the Poisk Nezakonno Repressirovannykh Asso-
ciation, unauthorized interview, Yagodnoye, July 2008.
[23_MR] — Mikhail Rogachev, representative of the Pokayanie Foundation, member
of the Memorial branch in Syktyvkar, historian, editor of the Pokayanie martyrol-
ogy, unauthorized interview, Syktyvkar, September 2007.
[24_AS] — Anatoly Smilingis, a member of Memorial and local historian who con-
ducts surveys of cemeteries linked to forced labour camps and special displaced
228
BIBLIOGRAPHY
persons settlements in the Kortkerossky District, laying monumental crosses
there, unauthorized interview, Kortkeros, September 2007.
[25_AV] - moderator at the Magadan Community Centre, unauthorized interview,
Magadan, July 2008.
[26_AS] — A history teacher at School No. 4 in Kotlas who runs the school museum
and organizes activities for children at the Makarikha Cemetery, unauthorized
interview, Kotlas, September 2007.
[27_AS] — Antonina Soshina, employee of a church-operated museum on the
Solovetsky Islands, ex-employee of the Solovetsky Local History Museum involved
in the creation of the first exhibition there in 1989, unauthorized interview, Au-
gust 2006.
[28_AS] - Antonina Soshina, employee of a church-operated museum on the
Solovetsky Islands, ex-employee of the Solovetsky Local History Museum involved
in the creation of the first exhibition there in 1989, unauthorized interview, Au-
gust 2007-
[29_VS] - Viktor Shmyrov, director of the Perm-36 Museum, unauthorized inter-
view, Kuchino (Perm-36), July 2008.
[30JVT] — Vitaly Troshin, the Head Architect of Vorkuta, a Memorial representative
for many years, founder of a division of Memorial that was tasked with erecting a
memorial complex in Vorkuta, unauthorized interview, Vorkuta, September 2007.
[31_EZ] - Evgeniya Zelenskaya, a representative of the Ukhta branch of Memorial,
unauthorized interview, Ukhta, August 2007.
[32_VK] - V.K., a former Vorkutlag prisoner and member of the Vorkuta chapter of
Memorial, unauthorized interview, not recorded or noted down during the course
of the conversation. St Petersburg, summer 2006.
[33_AV] — inhabitant of Debin, unauthorized interview, transcribed rather than re-
corded. Debin, July 2008.
[34_AS] - employee of the Local Museum in Magadan, interview directly transcribed
rather than recorded, Magadan, July 2008.
Websites
Butovo shooting range — Russian Golgotha: www.martyr.ru/.
Exhibition ‘Solovki. Golgotha Solovki. Golgotha and Resurrection. Solovets Her-
itage in Russia’s Past, Present and Future’ [Solovki. Golgofa i Voskreseniye.
Solovetskoye naslediye v proshlom, nastoyashchem i budushchem Rossii] on the
Solovetsky Monastery website http://solovki-monastyr.ru/exhibibtion/golgofa-
and-anastasis/.
Film Who Does the Past Belong to?, directed by Kerstin Nickig: www.youtube.com/
watch?v=ksHHmN7yYT8.
Magadan Local History Museum: www.magadanmuseum.ru
BIBLIOGRAPHY | 229
Memorial Complex of Political Repressions Perm-36: http://itk36-museum.ru/about/
history/.
Memorial Society: www.memo.ru.
Moscow Patriarchat: www.patriarchia.ru.
Orthodoxy and Peace online journal [Pravoslaviye i mir]: www.pravmir.ru.
Perm Krai chapter of International Memorial Society: www.pmem.ru/l.html.
Perm-36 Museum: www.perm36.ru.
Pokayanie Foundation: www.pokayanie-komi.ru.
Project ‘My homeland — Magadan our view of native places’ [Moya rodina — Magadan
nash vzglyad na rodnyye mesta] www.kolymastory.ru/glavnaya/eho-dalstroya/u-
pamyati-v-dolgu/.
Public Chamber of the Russian Federation [Obshchestvennaya palata Rossiy-
skoy Federatsii] www.oprf.ru/nilabout/structure/structurenews/newsitem/14989
?PHPSESSID=nimlacq08q43t9s7blo6ojphc3.
Sakharov Centre: www.sakharov-center.ru.
Solovetsky State Historical-Archeological and Nature Museum-Reserve: www.solo
vky.ru/.
Solovki Encyclopedia [Solovki Entsiklopediya]: www.solovki.ca/history/crosses.php.
Spaso-Preobrazhenski Solovetsky Stauropegic Monastery: www.solovki-monastyr.ru.
Unimplemented Memory Project: http://project.memo.ru/#stones.
Vorkuta Interregional Local Museum: http://museumworkuta.ru/.
Youth division of the Perm chapter of Memorial: http://volonter59.ru/project.php
?category=16.
INDEX
Note: Terms that occur extremely often,
like cross, exhibition, Gulag, labour camp,
lager, memory, memory actor, memorial,
monument, repression, Russia, Russian
Federation and victim are not included in
this index.
30 October, 11, 15, 20, 30, 47, 48, 88nl5,
90n44, 98, 103, 114, 120, 123, 127,
136, 147, 164n7, 175, 185n2, 188, 194,
202. See also Day of Remembrance
Abez, vii, 15, 96, 100, 103, 114, 126,
I40n40
memorial cemetery Abez, 103,
131-134
Abramov, Evgeny, 41
Adler, Nanci, 3, 9, 46, 142, 155
Afanasyeva, Tatyana, vii, 114, 139n22
Akhmatova, Anna, 51
Alexander I, 72
Alexy II, (Patriarch), 31
Anzer, 25, 73, 75-76, 79, 87, 90n37,
93nl01
Applebaum, Anne, 2, 13, 23, 52, 88nll,
91n57, 124, 129, 138nn3-4, 141, 201
Arkady (the Bishop of Magadan and
Kamchatka), 177
Arkhangelsk, 29, 30, 47, 48, 54, 69, 83,
87, 114
region, 15, 29, 134
Ass mann, Aleida, 4—5, 8
Assmann, Jan, 4, 198
Association of Museums of Memory, 13
Augustine (Archbishop of Lviv and
Galicia), 73, 93nlll
Auschwitz, 63, 64, 66, 165, 201
Avenue of Remembrance (on Solovki), 64,
67, 68, 85
Bakarevich, Sergey, 183, 184
Bakhmina, Svetlana, 154, 164nl9
Bakhtin, Mikhail, 6, 7
Bal, Mieke, 111
Balashov, Roman, 87
Bandera, Stepan, 161, 164n24, 174. See
also UPA; Banderites
Banderites, 161. See also Bandera, Stepan
Baranov, Nikolay, vii, 120, 124, 128, 129
Basargin, Viktor, 160
Belsen, 165
Berezniki, 141
Beria, Lavrenty, 120, 152, 153
Berzin, Edward, 141, 165, 166, 167, 200
monument, 168, 183
See also Dalstroy
Bible, 179
Bielecki, Tomasz, 19
Bilibin, Yury, 165, 168
monument, 168, 183
Bochkareva, Olga, vii, 25, 33, 34, 35, 43,
52
Bolsheviks, 23, 34, 39, 52, 72, 91n54, 201
Bozhenov, Aleksander, 26
Brodsky, Yury, 23, 26
Bruni, Nikolay, 114, 115
Buchenwald, 165, 201
Bukharin, Nikolay, 97, 98, 153
Buteyko, Darya. See Shtorn, Evgeny
Butorin, Mikhail, 47
Butovo, vi, ix, 15, 32, 68, 70, 78—83,
92n79, 93nl06-107, 94nll2, 196. See
also Church of the Holy New Martyrs
and Confessors of Russia; Krestny Khod:
Solovki-Butovo
Butugychag lager, 170, 185
Cameron, Duncan, 43, 44, 89n24
Carlson, Marvin, 159
232
INDEX
carnival, 7-8, 17
carnival of memory, 5, 6, 8-9, 12, 15,
17, 18, 19, 20, 33, 44, 68, 84, 96,
98, 126, 136, 137, 143, 159, 187,
190, 191, 193, 194, 202, 203
Cathedral of Christ the Saviour, 72, 73, 74,
79, 83, 93n87
Central Executive Committee of the USSR,
36, 37
cemetery, 10, 11, 15, 20, 30, 32, 33, 50,
54-64, 67, 76, 78-81, 83, 85, 103,
116, 117, 120, 123, 124-136, 139n34,
139n37, I40n44, 144, 145-147, 172,
180, 181, 188, 195. See also Abez:
memorial cemetery Abez; Butovo;
Inta: Vostochnoye Cemetery; Kotlas;
Makarikha Cemetery; Levashovo;
necropolis; Sandarmokh; Yegoshikha
Cemetery; Yur-Shor Cemetery (Vorkuta)
Chakrabarty, Dipesh, 5
Chaynikov Yury, 26
Chernov, Georgy, 95, 106, 165
Chibyu, 95
river, 95
See also Ukhta
Chivanov, Vladimir, 96
Christ, 123, 128, 146, 172, 196
Christensen, Karen, 70, 78, 82, 93n87,
94nll6, 196
Christianity, 3, 70, 74, 93nl 11, 174
chronotope, 63—64
Church of the Holy New Martyrs and
Confessors of Russia, 32, 78, 79, 82. See
also Butovo
Church of the Reverend Onuphrius the
Great, 30, 32, 64
Chusovaya (river), 158
Chusovskoy region, vi, 149, 162
communism, 19, 66
Confessors. See New Martyrs
Conquest, Robert, 2, 199
counter-history, 5, 187, 194, 195, 196-8
Crane, Susan, 89n22
crown of thorns, 80, 81
Crown of Thorns (monument in
Vorkuta), 101, 130, 146, 194 {see
also Daczka, Klaudiusz)
Dachau, 165
Daczka, Klaudiusz, 101. See also crown of
thorns: Crown of Thorns (monument in
Vorkuta)
Dalstroy, 141, 163n2, 165, 168, 175,
183-185, 190. See also Berzin, Edward
Daniel, Aleksandr, 154
Day of Remembrance, 47, 57, 58-68, 70,
90n44, 91n62, 96, 98, 103, 104, 107,
114, 115, 116, 120, 127, 129, 130, 141,
164n7, 175, 177, 183, 188, 202, 204n2.
See also 30 October
Debin, 15, 21, 167, 176-182, 183
Demidov, Viktor, 96
Di Nola, Alfonso Maria, 62
Dneprovsky (lager), 170, 180, 185nl
Dubrovina, Irina, vii, 134
Duncan, Carol, 156
Dzerzhinsky, Felix, 13, 132, 152
Dzimtenei (monument), 128-129
Eliade, Mircea, 90n47, 91n61, 195
Estonia, 185n5
Estonian, 201
Etkind, Alexander, 2, 3, 9, 12, 13, 41, 188,
199, 202
Etlis, Miron, 168, 169
Ezhva, 127, 129
Federal Security Service (FSB), 55
Field of Mars, 53
Final Solution, 200, 201
Flige, Irina, vii, 50, 51, 54-58, 90n49,
90n50, 91n53, 91n56
Florensky, Pavel, 23, 26, 27, 39, 88nl2
Forbes, Nevill, 13
Forest Brothers, 174, 185n6
Foucault, Michel, 5-7, 187, 194, 196
Frangulyan, Georgy, 199
Futlik, Lev, 144
Gajauskas, Balys, 153, 161
Galkin, Arkady, 96
Geertz, Clifford, 5, 17, 20
Gel, Ivan, 153
Ginzburg, Eugenia, 2, 13, 139nl9, 192,
201
INDEX
233
Goldovskaya, Marina, 26
Golgotha, ix, 44, 45, 68, 74, 76, 77,
78-83, 84, 93nl07, 146, 196, 198
Hill on Anzer, 42, 50, 73-74, 75,
76-78
Golunov, Sergey, vi, 177-179, 181, 182
Gorbunova, Aleksandra, 132
Gorky, Maksim, 23, 38, 41, 89n28
Gotsiridze, Iosif, 26
Grana, Cesar, 44, 90n38
Great October, 107, 192. See also revolution
Great Patriotic War, 86, 93n95, 107, 108,
110118, 139n36, 162, 177, 183
monument, 119, 144, 168-169
Great Terror, 22n2, 32, 53, 58, 63, 77,
78, 81, 84, 91n62, 92n77, 115, 126,
I40n44, 147, 162, 167, 170, 176
GULAG History Museum in Moscow, 13,
202-203, 204n6
Gurianov, Pavel, 161, I64n25
Halb wachs, Maurice, 3-4, 8
Handeiman, Don, 11
heritage, 4, 8, 32, 33, 45, 82, 84, 103, 114,
119, 148, 156
Herling, Gustav, 124, 139n32, 201
Herman (saint), 31, 73, 75, 81, 86, 110
Herzen, Alexander, 192-193
Hetherington, Kelvin, 159—160
Hilarion (Troitsky), 93, 101
Hirsch, Marianna, 12, 203
Historical Park Russia — My History
(exhibition), 197, 204
Hoffman, Malvina, 88n22
Holocaust, 89n24, 89n32, 156, 185n3,
192, 200, 201
Holy Land, 3-4
House of Political Prisoners (St Petersburg),
52
icon, 35, 40, 70, 71, 75, 76, 82, 83, 85,
88nl2, 93n90, 93n91, 93n98, 93nl08,
94nll5, 129, 196, 198
Council of the New Martyrs and
Confessors of Russia, 71—74, 78,
81, 93nn92-93, 93n97, 93n98,
93n99, 93nl02
Inta, vii, 12, 15, 95, 96, 98, 100, 101,
104, 105, 106, 111, 114, 116, 118,
119-120, 124, 127, 136, 137, 139n27,
189, 192
Inta Local History Museum, 105, 106,
139n35 (see also museum)
Vostochnoye Cemetery, 128—129
Water Tower, 119-120, 136, 189
Ioffe, Veniamin, 68, 85
Irwin-Zarecka, Iwona, 11—12
Izhevsk, 26
Jerusalem. See Holy Land
Jews, 4, 59, 62, 67, 83, 179, 200
Juodisius, Jonas, 132
Kaleda, Kirill, 79
Kalikh, Aleksandr, vii, 143, 144, 146, 147,
148, 156, 158, 164n5
Kaliningrad, 26
Kamenev, Lev, 152, 153
Kaniowska, Katarzyna, 17
Kantor, Julia, 162
Kapralski, Slawomir, 8, 63-64
Kargalina, Antonina, 103, 112
Karpenko, Nikolai, 175
Karsavin, Lev, 132
Katyn, 63, 92n67, 201
film, 153 (see also Wajda, Andrzej)
Keep, John, 2
Kenney, Padraic, 7
Khodorkovsky Mikhail, 154, 164nl9
Khorol, Zinaida, 120
memorial, 120, 124
Khrushchev, Nikita
gravestone, 195
thaw, 3, 41, 97, 128, 170, 193
Kiev, 26, 34
Kirill (Patriarch), 82, 87, 175, 176
Kirov (city), 143
Kizny, Tomasz, 13, 89n32, 192
Kohl, Helmut, l4nl
Kolbuszewski, Jacek, 10, 123, 126, 136
kolkhoz, 89n25, 110
Kolyma, 12, 15, 18, 21, 54, 141, 150, 151,
163n2, 165-186, 188, 190, 191, 192,
194, 200
234
INDEX
Kolyma Route, 21, 166, 177, 178,
180, 182, 183
Komi Republic, vii, ix, 4, 15, 18, 21, 87n3,
87n4, 94nll8, 95-140, 153, 165, 166,
182, 183, 189, 190, 191
local history museums, 99, 100, 101,
104-111, 112, 114, 115, 117, 118,
119, 132, 133, 136, 138, 139n37
Monuments to Victims of Political
Repressions, 116-119, 121—124,
126, 128-136, 137
Science Centre, 97, 98
Kontopodis, Michalis, 12
Korchinsky, Viktor, 181
Kortkeros, vii, 125, 126
Kotlas, vi, vii, 15, 114, 124, 189, 194
Makarikha Cemetery, 134-136
Kovalev, Sergey, 1, 153, 154, 164n4
Kozhokar, Georgy, 74-80
Krasnodar, 26
Kremlin Plot, 26, 27, 30, 64
Krestny Khod, 32, 78, 79, 99, 180
Solovki-Butovo, 32, 82. See also Butovo
Krutaya Hill, 171, 172, 183, 186nl0
Krzyzowa, l4nl
Krzyzowa Foundation, 1, I4nl
Kuchino (village), vi, 149, 155, 162, 190.
See also Perm-36 Museum
Kukushkin, Ivan, 1, 200
kulak, 39, 97, 110,200, 201
dekulakization, 130, 135, 141
Kuntsman, Adi, 192, 193
Kurayev, An drey, 172
Kurgan of Suffering, 100, 111. See also
Neizvestny, Ernst
Kurguzov, Vladimir, 162—163
Kursina, Tatyana, 148, 161
Kuzebay (poet), 26
lagpunkt, 79, 80, 120, 122, 127, 128, 138,
166
Last Address, 19
Latvia, 128, 139n37, 185n6
Latvian, 63, 127, 128, 129, 188
Latypov, Robert, vii, 157—159, 162-163
Lebedev, Platon, 154, 164nl9
Lenin, Vladimir, 36, 37, 116, 152, 166
Leningrad, 26, 41, 54, 55, 91n58, 99, 132,
194
Leningrad chapter of Memorial, 26
(see also Memorial Society)
See also St Petersburg
Levashovo, 134, 136, I40n44
Lichnost Community, 30, 92n73
Likhachev, Dimitry, 28, 39, 41, 199
Lithuania, 128, I40n40, 174, 185n6
Lithuanian, 63, 101, 122, 127, 128,
129, 130, 131, 132, 161, 174, 201
Lokchimlag, 125
Lopatkin, Mikhail, vii
Lopatkina, Ludmila, 26, 29, 41, 45, 84
Lotman, Yuri, 6, 10, 38, 93n96, 119, 146,
164nl5, 196
Lozhkin, Viktor, vii, 103, 126, 132—134
Lubyanka, 30, 46, 47, 48, 67, 88nl7, 198,
203
Lukyanenko, Levko, 153, 161
Liibbe, Hermann, 110
Lviv, 26, 73, 174
Macdonald, Sharon, 1, 9, 44, 90n38, 105,
138nl4
Magadan, vii, viii, 12, 15, 21, 165,
166-177, 182-186, 189, 190, 192, 195,
200,201, 204nl
Magadan Local History Museum,
166, 170, 175, 177,181, 182,
183-185
Makarikha Cemetery. See Kotlas
Mandelstam, Osip, 154, 155
Marchenko, Anatoly, 154
Martyr. See New Martyrs
Martyrdom. See New Martyrdom
Mask of Sorrow (Magadan), vi, 167,
169, 170-176, 183, 185, 190. See also
Neizvestny, Ernst
Matveyev, 54-55
Maus, Andreas, 1
Mazowiecki, Tadeusz, 14nl
Medvezhyegorsk, 55, 56, 60, 79, 90n49
Melnik, Antonina, 25, 26, 28, 30, 31, 35,
39,41,42, 84, 87n5, 88nl2
Memory Knot monument (Magadan), 169,
183
INDEX
235
Mensheviks, 26, 52, 91n54
Middle Ages, 7
milieux de mémoire, 9
Miller, Aleksey, 199, 203
mine, 101
Mine No. 20, 129, 130 (see also Yur-
Shor Cemetery [Vorkuta])
Minsk, 34
memorial cross, 24, 30, 32, 64, 69, 74, 75,
78, 80, 82, 85, 92n76, 129, 146, 191,
196. See also Solovetsky: Solovetsky
cross
Memorial Society, 9, 15, 18, 19, 21, 24, 26,
27, 32, 33, 45-68, 85, 88nl7, 90n43,
91n62, 96, 99, 116, I40n44, 142, 143,
187, 191, 194, 198, 203, 204n2
See also Moscow Memorial
memorialization, 11, 12, 19, 24, 58, 67,
68, 84, 85, 91n62, 103, 112, 126, 133,
136, 143, 188, 191,202
Merloo, Joost, 92n70
Merridale, Catherine, 3, 10, 58, 125
Molenya, Olga, 96
Moscow, vi, 1, 13, 15, 19, 26, 28, 30,
31, 32, 34, 46, 47, 54, 57, 72, 74, 78,
79, 83, 88nl5, 90n44, 93n87, 93n96,
93nl03, 97, 99, 120, 125, 126, 147,
155, 165, 167, 177, 185, 194, 195, 196,
202, 204nl
Moscow Memorial, 88n9, 92n77. See also
Memorial Society
museum, viii, 1, 3, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13,
15, 18, 19, 60, 89n22, 89n23, 89n24,
138nl4, 139M8, I40n44, 189-190,
194, 196, 203
local history museum, vii, 12, 25,
26, 27, 60, 89n23, 99, 100, 103,
104-111, 114, 115, 118, 119, 138,
139nl8, 166, 183, 184-185, 189
See also Komi Republic: local history
museums; Magadan: Magadan
Local History Museum; Perm-36
Museum; Pokayanie: Pokayanie
Kedrovy Shor Museum; Solovetsky
Islands: Solovetsky Museum; Stvor
Muslim, 59, 62, 67, 122
MVD, 17, 98, 150, 161
Naiman, Vladimir, 179-180, 182
Nebozhenko, Valentina, 31
necropolis, 19, 129, 133. See also cemetery
Neizvestny, Ernst, 21, 100, 111, 167, 169-
174, 176, 186n8, 195. See also Kurgan
of Suffering; Mask of Sorrow; Triangle of
Suffering and Redemption
Neva (river), 53
New Martyrs, vi, 32, 68, 69-87, 93n87,
93n98, 93nl02, 173, 174, 185, 196-
198, 203. See also New Martyrdom
New Martyrdom, ix, 22n2, 69-87, 93n91,
94nl 14, 196, 203. See also New Martyrs
Nicholas II, 72, 93n98, 169. See also tsar
Nidz Vychegodskaya, 125
Nikon (Patriarch), 34, 93nl01, 175
Nizhny At-Uryakh lager, 177
Nizhny Novgorod, 83, 94nll4
NKVD, 54, 55, 90n51, 98, 138nl, 144,
146, 153, 162, 177, 200
Nora, Pierre, 8—9, 86
Oexle, Otto Gerhard, 198
OGPU, 23, 36, 95, 106, 113, 138n3, 141
Olick, Jeffrey, 8
Olitskaya, Ekaterina, 41
Orthodox church. See Russian Orthodox
Church
memorial service (see Panikhida)
Ostrovsky, Arkady, 94nl 17
Outwaite, William, 66
Panikarov, Ivan, vii, 12, 167, 176—177,
179, 180, 181, 182, 185, 193
Panikhida, 26, 28, 31, 60, 61, 64, 67
Panne, Aleksander, 26
Panteleimon (Bishop of Murmansk and
Arkhangelsk), 29, 69
Paperno, Irina, 3, 10, 102, 192-193
Parus (student organization), 143
Pastukhova, Anna, vii, 164n8
Pecheny, Vladimir, 185
Pechora, vii, 12, 15, 96, 98, 100, 103, 104,
105, 107, 114-116, 118, 137, 138,
139n22, 189
Pechorlag, 114, 115, 116, 139n22
Perm, vi, 15, 18, 21, 141-164, 165, 191
236
INDEX
Perm-35, 141, 147
Perm-36 camp, 1, 90n44, 147, 190
Perm-36 Museum, v, vii, 15, 21, 119,
141-143, 147-156, 159-164, 189, 199,
200. See also Shmyrov, Viktor
Peter I, 53, 72
Peter (abbot of Solovetsky Monastery), 70
Peter (Polyansky), 72
Petrozavodsk, 26, 55, 59, 61
photograph, 13, 17, 19, 26, 35-40, 57, 59,
60, 61, 63, 65, 77, 89n30, 89n32, 107,
108, 109, 131, 144, 150-152, 192
Pilorama Festival, 142, 153
Pimenov, Revolt, 96—98, 103
pioneer, 2, 104—111
memorial, vi, 4, 112—114, 136, 189
Pokayanie, vii, 13, 122, 182
Pokayanie Foundation, 95, 96, 103,
112, 121, 122, 126, 138, 138nll
Pokayanie Kedrovy Shor Museum, vii,
103, 138, 189
Poisk Nezakonno Repressirovannykh, 177
Poland, vii, viii, 2, 15, 22n2, 22n3, 90n49,
92n72, 134, 155, 164n24
policy, 33, 86, 161
State Policy on Commemorating the
Memory of Victims of Political
Repression, 12, 13, 142, 184, 185,
202, 203, 204n3, 204n5
Polish cross, 63, 101, 117, 134, 189
Political Prisoner Day, 47, 48, 90n44. See
abo 30 October
Porfiry (Shutov), 33, 45
postmemory, 12, 203
Pushkin Memorial (Ukhta), 114—116, 136,
189
Putin, Vladimir, 32, 33, 164nl9, 202, 203
Ray, Larry. See Outwaite, William
Resde, Georg, 1
revolution, 7, 22n2, 23, 29, 30, 35, 36, 37,
39, 40, 41, 52, 53, 76, 91n55, 92n83,
106, 110, 164nl2, 173, 179, 180, 197,
198, 203. See abo Great October
Rogachev, Mikhail, vii, 95, 96, 99, 103,
104, 119, 121-123, 125
Roginsky, Arseny, 62, 91n51, 91, 154
Romanov, Roman, 202, 204n6
Rozhin, Pavel, 31
Rudnik, 95, 108, 116, 117, 127
Russian Orthodox Church, ix, 21, 24, 29,
30, 31, 32, 33, 68-84, 85, 86, 94nll6,
100, 146, 172, 173, 175, 178, 185,
186n8, 187, 194-198, 201, 203
Russian Patriarchate, 28, 70
Rusanov monument, 114
Sabbatius (saint), 31, 73, 75, 81, 86
Sakharov, Andrei, 88nl5, 90n44, 97, 154,
155, 164n20, 202
Sakharov Centre, 19, 115
samizdat, 47, 162, 192
Sandarmokh, 11, 15, 54-64, 65, 67, 68,
79, 83, 88n9, 90n48, 90n49, 91n58,
91n63, 92n68, 92n72, 188
Sandarmokh Cemetery. See Sandarmokh
Santino, Jack, 102
Sawatyevo, 26, 28, 32, 50, 51-53, 88nll,
90n49,91n55
Second World War, 1, 14nl, 107, 185n6,
194.200
Sekirnaya Hill, viii, 25, 26, 28, 30, 31, 32,
39, 42, 50, 73, 75, 77-78, 79, 80, 81,
83, 90n49, 93nl00, 196
Semakova, Natalia, 161
Shalamov, Varlam, 2, 151, 165, 181, 192,
193.201
Sharov, Anatoly, 172
Sherbakova, Irina, 2, 3, 12, 13, 108, 192,
193,200
Shevkunov, Tikhon, 197
Shmyrov, Viktor, vii, 141, 142, 147-150,
153-156, 161, 162, I63n3, 199, 200.
See abo Perm-36 Museum
Shpektor, Igor, 19, 30
Shtorn, Evgeny, 33, 65
Slobozhan, Olga, 45
SLON (memory), 23-57, 52, 53, 54, 66,
67, 69, 73, 74, 78, 81-87, 88n8, 88n21,
92n80, 190
Smilingis, Anatoly, vii, 124, 125, 126
Smyrski, Boguslaw, 101
Sokolov, Vladimir, 161, 162, 163
Sokurov, Alexander, 163
INDEX
237
Solovetsky Archipelago. See Solovetsky
Islands
Solovetsky Islands, vii, viii, ix, 15, 18, 20,
21, 23-94, 153, 188, 189, 190, 191,
204nl
Solovetsky boulders (see Solovetsky
stone)
Solovetsky cross, vi, 74—84, 94nll2,
196 (see also memorial cross)
Solovetsky Museum, vii, 21, 24,
34-45, 52, 58, 59, 61-68, 76, 82,
84, 86, 87n5, 87n6, 89n27, 91n64,
94nll4, 191, 192
Solovetsky Society for Local Lore, 30,
40,41,42
Solovetsky stone, 6, 24, 30, 46-54,
64, 65, 67, 74, 85, 88nl7, 90n49,
90n50, 92n66, 92n76, 198
Solovki. See Solovetsky Islands
Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr, 2, 23, 93nl00,
192, 193, 201,202
Soshina, Antonina, 25, 26, 39, 84, 85
Sovest Association, 47, 135
Soviet Union, 19, 29, 57, 60 68, 84, 102,
107, 109, 138n7, I64n24, 169, 174,
194, 195. ¿z/w USSR
Stalin, Joseph, 1, 13, 14n2, 36, 37, 41, 43,
87, 116, 147, 150, 152, 170, 179-180,
185n5, 195, 197, 204n6
St Petersburg, vi, vii, viii, 15, 19, 22n3,
34, 47, 48, 49, 51, 53, 54, 67, 68, 83,
90n49, 94nll5, 134, I40n44, 202
Stus, Vasyl, 65, 153, 154, 199
Vasyl Stus Ail-Ukrainian Memorial
Society 65
Stvor, 151, 156-160, 164n23
Susuman, 177, 178, 182
SutVremeni, 12, 160, I64n25
Sutyagin, Igor, 154
Syktyvkar, vii, 15, 17, 96-105, 107, 110,
121, 124, 138nl3, 139nl9, 190
Chapel (Victims of Political
Repressions Monument), 121—
124
Szacka, Barbara, 2, 48
Sztompka, Piotr, 7
Takahashi, Sanami, 65, 86
Tamayeva, Danuta, 181
Terentyev, Alexey, 96
Terentyev, Anatoly, 161
third Rome, 72, 73, 74, 83, 93n96
Tikhon (Patriarch), 71, 72, 93n99
Timchenko, Svyatoslav, 167, 176, 177, 182
Tokarska-Bakir, Joanna, 17
Tolczyk, Dariusz, 51, 91 n54, 201
Tranzitka, 171, 172
trauma, 7, 201
Triangle of Suffering and Redemption, 169,
195. See also Neizvestny Ernst
Troitskaya Square (St Petersburg), vi, 47,
48, 49, 50, 52, 53
Troshin, Vitaly, vii, 98, 99, 100, 101, 103,
116, 138n9, 138nl0
Trotsky, Lev, 116, 154
tsar, 72, 73, 75, 169, 179, 180, 202. See
also Nicholas II
Tulaykov, Nikolay, 39
Ukhta, vii, 15, 95, 96, 100, 103, 104, 105,
106, 112-118, 136, 189
Ukhtimzhemlag, 114
Ukhtpechlag, 95, 112, 114, 115, 138n3
Ukraine, 130, 161
Ukrainian, 28, 54, 59, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65,
67, 85, 88n9, 92n72, 92n76, 92n77,
127, 132, 133
cross, 127, 130, I40n4l, 155, 160,
161, 164n24, 179, 188
monument, 57, 63, 68
United States Holocaust Memorial
Museum, 156
UPA, 161, 164n24. See also Bandera,
Stepan
Ushenin, Ilya, 160, 161
Uspensky, Boris, 20, 38, 80, 93n96, 175
USSR, 7, 10, 15, 24, 25, 26, 28, 30, 34,
36, 38, 41, 42, 47, 48, 52, 88nl2,
90n43, 90n44, 107, 108, 110, 119, 125,
132, 138nl, 142, 152, 154, 157, 158,
162, 166, 169, 185n5, 187, 190, 194,
199, 201. See also Soviet Union
Varakhin, Nikolay, 40, 41
Verbpkolskaya Hill, 75, 77
Vetlasan Mount, 117
.i
238
INDEX
Vildziunas, Vladas, 130, 131
Vinogradov, Vladislav, 28
Virtual Gulag, 19
Vishlag, 141
Vlasov, Audrey, 185n5
Vlasov s Russian Liberation Army, 174
Volkov, Oleg, viii, 28
Vorkuta, vi, vii, 15, 19, 87n4, 95, 96, 98,
99, 100-109, 111, 114, 116-117, 120,
124, 127, 129, 130, 131, 137, 138n2,
139nl5, 139nl6, 165, 169, 170, 189,
194, 195,201,202, 204nl
Vorkuta Ring Road, 99, 101, 127
Vorkutlag, 99
Vostochnoye Cemetery (Inta). See Inta
Vukov, Nikolay, 189
Wagner-Pacifici, Robin, 8
Wajda, Andrzej, 153. See also Katyn; film
Warsaw Uprising Museum, 156
Water Tower (Inta). See Inta
Wheatcroft, Stephen, 2
White Army, 36, 37
White Sea Canal, 43, 55, 79, 91n63
Williams, Paul, 9, 142, 156, 204n6
YadVashem, 156
Yagoda, Genrikh, 36, 37, 153
Yagodnoye, vii, 12, 15, 27, 167, 176-182,
185, 185nl, 189, 193
Yalta, 26
Yegoshikha Cemetery, 144— 146
Yekaterinburg, vii, 15, 147, 169, 170, 173,
186n8, 195
Yezhov, Nikolay, 152, 153
Young, James, 3, 8, 9, 62, 89n24, 185n3
Yur-Shor Cemetery (Vorkuta), vi, 20, 127,
129-131, 188
Zaborski, Marcin, 53
Zabotkin, Mikhail, 102
Zagorsk, 24
Zapolyarny, 127
zeks, 23, 35, 36, 55, 80, 95, 104, 108, 166,
167, 189, 195
monument, 112-120
Zelenskaya, Evgeniya, vii, 96, 113, 115,
117, 118
Zhdan Fyodor, 177
Zhigulin, Anatoly, 146
Zinoviev, Grigory, 152, 153
Zosima (saint), 31, 73, 81, 86
Zverev, Peter, 73, 93nl01
Zylko, Boguslaw, 196
Bayerische
Staatsbibliothek
München
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Bogumił, Zuzanna |
| author2 | Palmer, Philip |
| author2_role | trl |
| author2_variant | p p pp |
| author_facet | Bogumił, Zuzanna Palmer, Philip |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Bogumił, Zuzanna |
| author_variant | z b zb |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV045229032 |
| classification_rvk | NQ 5070 |
| contents | The Solovetsky Islands -- The Komi Republic -- Perm Krai -- Kolyma |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1047874910 (DE-599)BVBBV045229032 |
| discipline | Geschichte |
| edition | English-language edition |
| era | Geschichte gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 gnd Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Sowjetunion Russland |
| id | DE-604.BV045229032 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-20T18:21:26Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781785339271 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-030617464 |
| oclc_num | 1047874910 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-521 DE-29 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-521 DE-29 |
| physical | IX, 238 Seiten Illustrationen, Karte |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publishDateSearch | 2018 |
| publishDateSort | 2018 |
| publisher | Berghahn |
| record_format | marc |
| spellingShingle | Bogumił, Zuzanna Gulag memories the rediscovery and commemoration of Russia's repressive past The Solovetsky Islands -- The Komi Republic -- Perm Krai -- Kolyma Politische Verfolgung Motiv (DE-588)4373433-9 gnd Arbeitslager (DE-588)4002716-8 gnd Straflager Motiv (DE-588)4277510-3 gnd Konzentrationslager (DE-588)4032352-3 gnd Kollektives Gedächtnis (DE-588)4200793-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4373433-9 (DE-588)4002716-8 (DE-588)4277510-3 (DE-588)4032352-3 (DE-588)4200793-8 (DE-588)4077548-3 (DE-588)4076899-5 |
| title | Gulag memories the rediscovery and commemoration of Russia's repressive past |
| title_alt | Pamięć Gułagu (2012) |
| title_auth | Gulag memories the rediscovery and commemoration of Russia's repressive past |
| title_exact_search | Gulag memories the rediscovery and commemoration of Russia's repressive past |
| title_full | Gulag memories the rediscovery and commemoration of Russia's repressive past Zuzanna Bogumił ; translated by Philip Palmer |
| title_fullStr | Gulag memories the rediscovery and commemoration of Russia's repressive past Zuzanna Bogumił ; translated by Philip Palmer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gulag memories the rediscovery and commemoration of Russia's repressive past Zuzanna Bogumił ; translated by Philip Palmer |
| title_short | Gulag memories |
| title_sort | gulag memories the rediscovery and commemoration of russia s repressive past |
| title_sub | the rediscovery and commemoration of Russia's repressive past |
| topic | Politische Verfolgung Motiv (DE-588)4373433-9 gnd Arbeitslager (DE-588)4002716-8 gnd Straflager Motiv (DE-588)4277510-3 gnd Konzentrationslager (DE-588)4032352-3 gnd Kollektives Gedächtnis (DE-588)4200793-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Politische Verfolgung Motiv Arbeitslager Straflager Motiv Konzentrationslager Kollektives Gedächtnis Sowjetunion Russland |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030617464&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030617464&sequence=000005&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030617464&sequence=000006&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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