Designing experiments for the social sciences: how to plan, create, and execute research using experiments
Gespeichert in:
| Beteilige Person: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Los Angeles
Sage
[2019]
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| Schlagwörter: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030391527&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Umfang: | xxi, 383 Seiten Illustrationen |
| ISBN: | 9781506377322 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | DETAILED CONTENTS Preface xv Acknowledgments xix About the Author xxi 1. Discovering Cause and Effect 1 Causation 2 Experiments Compared to Other Methods 3 Basic Criteria for Experiments 4 Elements of Experiments Variation Confounds Control Groups Assignment 6 6 7 9 9 Starting a Study of Your Own Writing a Statement of the Problem Answering the So What Question 2. Ethics and Famous Experiments in History 11 12 14 23 The Scurvy Studies 24 The Contributions of Charles Peirce 27 Ronald Fisher’s Plots and Tea 28 B. F. Skinner: Small Samples, High Tech 30 Stanley Milgram Shocks the World 33 Philip Zimbardo: Raising Consciences in a Stanford Basement 40 Conclusion 44 3. Theory, Literature, and Hypotheses The Literature Review Tips on Writing the Literature Review for Experiments It Is Not a Book Report 55 58 60 60 Do Not Be Wikipedia 61 Make a Theoretical Contribution 63 Connect the Dots 63
Conceptual Definitions vs. Operationalizations Literature Reviews With Multiple Experiments Hypotheses and Research Questions Hypothesis Basics 65 66 68 72 Null vs. Alternative 72 Difference vs. Direction 73 Hypothesis Writing Formula Hypotheses With More Than One IV Research Questions 4. Types of Experiments Campbell and Stanley s Typology of Experiments Three Pre-Experimental Designs The One-Shot Case Study 75 77 81 89 90 91 91 One Group Pretest-Posttest Design 91 Static Group Comparison 93 Three True Experimental Designs 93 Pretest-Posttest Control Group 93 Solomon Four-Group Design 94 Posttest-Only Control Group Design 94 Quasi Experiments 96 Natural Experiments 100 Field Experiments 102 5. Internaland External Validity 111 Ecological and External Validity 112 Generalizability Random Sampling 113 116 Two-Step Randomization Nonresponse Bias Representativeness 117 117 118 Cause and Effect 122 Logical Inference 123 Replication 12Д Self-Replication Exact vs. Conceptual Replication Multiple Experiments External Replication Triangulation Internal Validity Three Basic Criteria Random Assignment 125 126 127 ļ29 1շ9 130
Confounds History 131 132 Maturation 133 Testing 133 Instrumentation 134 Statistical Regression 135 Selection 135 Attrition 135 6. Factorial Designs 145 Single-Factor Designs 146 Factorial Designs 146 Main Effects and Interactions 147 Factorial Notation 150 Design Tables 154 Choosing a Design 156 How Subjects Are Used in Designs 158 Between-Subjects Designs 158 Within-Subjects Designs 159 Mixed Factorial Designs 161 Incomplete Factorials 162 Control Groups 163 The No-Treatment Control Group 165 Creativity in Control Groups 166 The Status Quo Control Group 166 No Control Group 167 7. Random Assignment The Purpose of Random Assignment Avoiding Confounds What Is Random? Operationalizing Random Assignment 173 174 175 176 178 Computerized Randomization 178 Survey Experiments 182 In-Person Randomizing 183 Reporting Random Assignment 183 Balanced and Unbalanced Designs 183 Checking That Random Assignment Was Effective 184 Aggregate Level Random Assignment 185 Reporting Random Assignment Results 185 When Random Assignment Fails 187
Blocking, Matching, and Other Strategies 189 Blocking vs. Simple Random Assignment 190 Stratified Random Assignment 191 Random Assignment of Other Things Counterbalancing Latin Squares Random Assignment Resistance 8. Sampling and Effect Sizes Student Samples 191 194 194 196 211 212 Higher Than Average Cognitive Skills 213 Compliance With Authority 217 Weaker Sense of Self 217 Myriad Other Differences 217 Homogeneity 218 Basic Psychological Processes 218 Guarding Against Bias With Students 219 Amazon s Mechanical Turk Is MTurk Representative? Advantages and Drawbacks Other Subject Sources 221 222 222 225 Recruiting 226 Incentives 228 Sample Size and Power 229 Effect Sizes 231 Power Analyses 234 Observed Power 9. Stimuli and Manipulation Checks 237 249 Examples of Stimuli 251 Advice on Creating Stimuli 257 Keep It Real 257 Control as Much as Possible 258 Vary Only the Things Being Studied Maximize Comparisons Employ Message Variance How Many Stimuli to Create? Fixed vs. Random Factors Manipulation Checks Manipulation Check, Pretest, or Pilot Study? Direct vs. Indirect Manipulations Mediators and Psychological States 259 260 261 263 263 264 265 266 266
Manipulation Checks in Survey Experiments Practical Issues Reporting the Stimuli and Manipulation Checks Stimuli Write-Up Manipulation Check Write-Up 10. Instrumentsand Measures Instruments Questionnaires 271 272 274 274 276 289 290 290 Single Items vs. Indexes 292 Pros and Cons 293 Unobtrusive and Nonreactive Measures Technological Instruments 297 297 Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging 299 Heart Rate 301 Skin Conductance 301 Other Physiological Instruments 301 Eye Tracking 302 Eyes on Screen 303 Web Tracking 303 Latency Response 304 Secondary Reaction Tasks 305 Continuous Response Instruments 306 Thought Listing and Think Aloud 307 Observations Interobserver Reliability Other Unobtrusive Instruments Unobtrusive Questions Measurement Issues Levels of Measure Response Choices Ceiling and Floor Effects Construct Validity 11. The Institutional Review Board and Conducting Ethical Experiments 309 310 312 312 312 315 315 316 317 337 institutional Review Boards 338 Ethical Issues in Experiments Deception Harm Abuse of Power Random Assignment 342 342 344 345 346
Protecting Subjects 346 Informed Consent 347 Privacy and Confidentiality 348 Researcher Issues Data Ethics 349 349 Plagiarism and Self-Plagiarism 351 Authorship Issues 352 Pilotstudies 354 Glossary 369 Index 377
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| isbn | 9781506377322 |
| language | English |
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| publishDate | 2019 |
| publishDateSearch | 2019 |
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| spellingShingle | Coleman, Renita Designing experiments for the social sciences how to plan, create, and execute research using experiments Experiment (DE-588)4015999-1 gnd Soziologie (DE-588)4077624-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4015999-1 (DE-588)4077624-4 (DE-588)4123623-3 |
| title | Designing experiments for the social sciences how to plan, create, and execute research using experiments |
| title_auth | Designing experiments for the social sciences how to plan, create, and execute research using experiments |
| title_exact_search | Designing experiments for the social sciences how to plan, create, and execute research using experiments |
| title_full | Designing experiments for the social sciences how to plan, create, and execute research using experiments Renita Coleman (University of Texas at Austin) |
| title_fullStr | Designing experiments for the social sciences how to plan, create, and execute research using experiments Renita Coleman (University of Texas at Austin) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Designing experiments for the social sciences how to plan, create, and execute research using experiments Renita Coleman (University of Texas at Austin) |
| title_short | Designing experiments for the social sciences |
| title_sort | designing experiments for the social sciences how to plan create and execute research using experiments |
| title_sub | how to plan, create, and execute research using experiments |
| topic | Experiment (DE-588)4015999-1 gnd Soziologie (DE-588)4077624-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Experiment Soziologie Lehrbuch |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030391527&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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