The Kremlin letters: Stalin's wartime correspondence with Churchill and Roosevelt
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
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New Haven ; London
Yale University Press
[2018]
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| Links: | https://www.recensio.net/r/d7048bfa292c45b7945b54249241aff3 http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030290573&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030290573&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Umfang: | xvii, 660 Seiten, 12 ungezählte Seiten Bildtafeln Illustrationen, Karten |
| ISBN: | 9780300226829 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819342043491598336 |
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| adam_text | CONTENTS
List of Plates and Maps ix
List of Abbreviations xi
Acknowledgements xv
Introduction 1
1 Strange Encounters • (June to September 1941) 18
2 ‘Two Relatively Unrelated Wars’ • (September to December 50
1941)
3 T Can Handle Stalin • (December 1941 to April 1942) 75
4 Molotov the Go-Between • (April to July 1942) 101
5 Churchills ‘Lump of Ice • (August to October 1942) 135
6 Casablanca: A Table Just for Two • (November 1942 to 169
January 1943)
7 Second Front When? • (February to April 1943) 204
8 Poles Apart • (April to July 1943) 234
9 Fighting Back: Ukraine and Italy • (August to September 277
1943)
10 Face to Face: Moscow and Tehran • (October to December 311
1943)
11 The Spirit of Tehran Evaporates • (January to March 1944) 353
12 ‘Force and Facts’ • (March to June 1944) 388
Vlll
CONTENTS
13 From East and West • (June to September 1944) 423
14 ‘Only the Three of Us • (October to December 1944) 476
15 Yalta and After • (January to April 1945) 528
Epilogue 584
Endnotes 601
Index 642
INDEX
Adler, General Elmer, 173 174
aid
differing US/British tactics, 22
foodstuffs, 159
medical supplies, 50, 66
payment considerations, 44
raw materials, 30
rubber, 31, 34
see also aircraft; Arctic convoys;
Lend-Lease; military supplies
Aid to Russia Fund, 230,231, 232,577-8
air forces see Anglo-American air forces;
German Air Force; Red Air Force;
United States Army Air Forces
(AAF/USAAF)
air raids
Baedeker raids, 102
Berlin, 223
British intensification, 90
Churchill’s optimistic bulletins, 230,231
Darwin, 87
on Germany, 23,44,152,200,205,215,
218,221,229,232
Hamburg, 286
Moscow, 33
objectives, 295-6
US bombers, 258
V-l bombs, 429-30,436-7,440
air transport
Alaska-Siberia route, 105,120,121-2,
127, 138, 156
US-Soviet route possibilities, 98
aircraft
British air force needs, 251-2
British supplies, 40,161,251-2
compensation for convoy cancellation,
229-30, 232
diversion of US fighter planes for ‘Torch’,
137,153
German production, 155,156
German strength, 264
Soviet needs, 41,155-6,158-9,160,162,
164
US supplies, 30, 37,162, 261
Alamein, 137,150,168, 169,172
Desert Victory, 219,221,222-3
Alaska-Siberia air bridge, 105,120,121-2,
127,138,156
Aleutian islands, 120
Alexander, Field Marshal Sir Harold
Italy, 419,420-1,427,438,439
Mediterranean Allied commander, 520
North Africa, 172,190
possible surrender of German forces in
Italy, 555-8, 563,572
Sicily, 287-8
Western Front, 416
Yugoslavia, 507
Alsace, 531,545
Andaman Islands, 346
Anders, General Wladyslaw, 124
Anglo-American air forces
Caucasus offer, 138,150-1,151-2,160,
161, 162,173
INDEX
643
Caucasus offer refused, 171,189,190
Anglo-Russian declaration (1941), 22,23-6
Anglo-Soviet treaty (1942)
anniversary (1943), 254
Churchill view, 89-90,91-2
negotiations, 68,90-2,104,105-6,
112-14
and postwar borders, 77-8,89,90,91-2,
104,105,112
resentment at FDR interference, 89-90,
91
signature, 114
Stalin agrees text without mention of
borders, 104,113-14
Stalins proposal, 66,67
Antonov, General Aleksey, 409,485, 532-3,
579
AnviT, operation, 414,423-4
Archangel
aircraft, 30
Arctic convoys, 57-8,125,155,160
British service personnel, 315, 316-18,
323
cargo handling, 66,67
supply lines, 5, 29, 65
Arctic convoys
British difficulties, 106-9,110-11, 120,
225-6,316
chiefs of staff misgivings, 110-11
Churchill-Stalin strains, 103-4,107-9,
123-6,194, 311,315-16, 321-6
first aircraft and tank deliveries, 57-8
losses, 123,124, 125,155,180
possible resumption (Sep 1942), 132,133,
134
resumption, PQ18 (Sep 1942), 150,151,
152,155-6,190
resumption (Dec 1942-), 175,179,181,
182,190, 194-5
resumption proposal (Oct 1943), 311-12,
315-17,321-5
resumption (Dec 1943-), 350, 360,411
resumption (Aug 1944-), 430, 463
small convoy possibility, 159,161
small convoys from Iceland, 160,178,179
Soviet air and sea cover, 108-9, 111, 113,
116,133,134,151,152
Stalin criticises cargo packing, 66,68
Stalins priority, 5
suspension after PQ17 (July 1942),
103-4,123-6,128-9
suspension for Torch’ (Sep 1942), 154-5,
159,160,161
suspension (March 1943), 5, 224-30
see also military supplies
Arnold, General ‘Hap’, 153-4,197
Atlantic Charter, 15, 36, 89,116
Atlantic convoys, 180,193-4
atomic bomb, 295,468, 538, 589, 590
Attlee, Clement, 48,89,464,472-3,588,
593
Auchinleck, General Claude, 48
Australia
Darwin bombing, 87
and Germany First strategy, 177,183-4
Axis powers
British war declaration on minor powers
(1941), 66, 67, 70
lack of cooperation, 17
minor Axis powers, 51,64,65
population and minerals control, 76
Badoglio, Marshal Pietro, 288,289,290, 297,
306,314,427-8
Baggallay, Lacy, 200-1
Bagration offensive (1944)
casualties, 435-6
to coincide with cOverlord’, 409-10,421
postwar implications, 450-1
scale, 432,433
and other Soviet offensives, 426,
435, 450
successes, 415,423,435-6,450
Balkans
Churchills concerns, 413,471-3
limited Allied operations, 296
percentages agreement (1944), 391-2,
476,478-9,482-4
postwar discussions, 20,413-14,437,
438-9, 441,489-90
Baltic states, 12,19,78,104,112,354, 386,485
‘Barbarossa’, operation, 21-3
Beaverbrook, Baron (Max)
British and US aid commitments, 48
Cabinet reshuffle, 88
minister of supply, 43,47
mission to Moscow, 48-9,50,52-7
Polish question, 392
resignation, 90
Soviet border issue, 89
support for Russia, 22
troop commitments, 63-4
Washington visit, 92-3
Beevor, Antony, 565
Belarus, UN General Assembly seat, 465
Benes, Edvard, 357, 358
Beria, Lavrentiy, 236
Berlin
need to forestall Russia, 564
race to reach, 564-5
644
INDEX
Bern, Soviet exclusion from German
surrender talks (1945), 6,555-9,
560-4, 570-4,578-80,581-3
Bierut, Boleslaw, 404,434,446,455, 541
Big Three relations
changing power balance, 16, 334-5,336,
529-30
Churchills meeting suggestion (June
1943), 262,265
FDR attempts to exclude Churchill,
252-3, 336
FDR concern to avoid impression of
Anglo-American bloc, 13,297-8
FDR on US interest in everything,
480-1,486
importance of FDR, 587-8
intermediaries (1941-42), 100
post-Tehran cordiality, 347-52
Soviet desire to be treated as an equal,
312,326, 353
Soviet exclusion from German surrender
talks (1945), 6,555-9, 560-4, 570-4,
578-80, 581-3
Soviet exclusion from Italian surrender
details (1943), 288-92
Stalin declines meeting (1944), 442-3,
445,449,451,470,474
Stalin resumption of correspondence
(Aug 1943), 279-80, 283
Stalin unable to attend post-Quebec
Alaska meeting, 286, 287,292,
293
Stalins proposal on military-political
agreement, 307-8
Stalins silences, 163,236,274-6,282,313,
332-3
sweetener telegrams to Stalin, 377
triangular and volatile, 15
see also Tehran conference (1943); Yalta
conference (1945); and under
individual leaders
Birse, Major Arthur, 147,482,534
‘Bodyguard’, operation (1944), 388,420
Bogomolov, Aleksandr, 237
Bohlen, Charles (Chip), 9,118, 344,480,
525,540
‘Bolero’operation (1942), 96,117
Bolshevik Revolution anniversary (1942),
184,214
bombing raids see air raids
Bonomi, Ivanoe, 427, 428-9
Bor-Komorowski, Tadeusz, 452
Bose, Subhas Chandra, 88
Bowes-Lyon, David, 248
Bracken, Brendan, 359, 594
Bradley, General Follett, 122,127,156,191,
192,193,196, 343
Bretton Woods institutions, 384
Britain
Anglo-American build up, 179,180
Anglo-Russian declaration (1941), 22,
23-6
Armistice and Post-War Committee, 464,
472-3
declining power in Big Three by 1945,
529-30
election (1945), 588
fears of Russo-German axis, 18
improved public image in Russia, 223-4
operation‘Bolero’ troop build-up, 96,117
Pravda report on secret talks with
Ribbentrop, 363-5, 369-70
and Soviet Union, 18,383
special relationship with US, 298,592
US troop build-up, 205,210,215,218,
270-1,296
VE Day celebrations, 586
see also Anglo-Soviet treaty (1942)
British army, size/resources, 44,45,46,52,
53-4,217-18
British Empire, 8,11,36, 206
Brooke, Sir Alan
Casablanca meeting, 197,198
on Churchill s ill health, 520
date for second front, 197
Moscow meeting (1942), 140
Moscow meeting (1944), 485-6
Mussolini fall, 279
operation ‘Overlord’ plans, 294-5
opposes sending British troops to Russia,
73
plans for Sicily/Italy, 198,255
postwar implications of Soviet advances,
450-1
reservations over US second front plans,
99
Tehran conference, 344
Brown, Admiral Wilson, 535
Bulgaria, 439, 472, 482-3
Burma, 101,200
Burrows, General ‘Bronco’, 409,421-2
Cadogan, Sir Alexander, 14,88,131-2,140,
142,143,146, 147, 228,242,250-1,
325,366, 392, 399
Cairo
military pre-Tehran meeting (‘Sextant’),
334,335, 342
post-Tehran meeting, 346
Casablanca summit (Jan 1943)
INDEX
645
British preparations, 198
communiqué, 198-9
discussion topics, 170-2,192
joint letter to Stalin, 198,199-202
leaders’ aliases, 196-7
second front options, 171-2,197,198,
200
Stalin declines to attend, 171,186-8
Caucasus
Anglo-American air force offer, 138,
150-1, 151-2,160,161,162,173
Anglo-American air force offer declined,
171,189, 190
German advance, 138,173-4
Hitler offensive (operation‘Blue’), 76,87,
101,127-8
Novorossiysk liberation, 303
chemical weapons, poison gas, 92, 93,94,
109,232-3
Chiang Kai-shek, 334, 336, 356,539
Chicago Tribune, 347
China
Allied operations, 200,257
Cairo meeting (1943), 334, 336-7
and Japan, 54
northern China, 499
postwar role, 206,312
and Soviet entry into war with Japan, 539
Churchill, Clementine
Aid to Russia Fund, 230,231,232
influence on Winston, 232
visit to USSR (1945), 577-8
Churchill, Mary, 88
Churchill, Randolph, 359,365, 416
Churchill, Winston
anger at Soviets, 262-3,292,391
anti-communism, 8,13,89
background and characteristics, 6-7,224
on benefits of summitry, 355-6,390, 595
birthday celebrations, 345, 502
breezy optimism, 230,231,262,264,
278-9,426,436,438,439
Britain’s geopolitical constraints, 28-30
British-US special relationship, 298,
592
Cold War summit proposals, 596-8
criticisms of his leadership, 63-4,88
does not attend FDR funeral, 584-5
election defeat (1945), 588-9
election victory (1951), 595
Fulton (Iron Curtain) speech, 592-4
gloom about the future, 16,63, 88, 292,
355,412-13
ill health, 213, 349,502,520
message drafting, 7,42-3
sees need to forestall Russia from Berlin,
564
and Veil of secrecy’ over Poland, 566, 569
war memoirs, 589
war strategies, 8,49,103,174,179-81
see also Stalin-Churchill relations
Church ill-Roosevelt relations
Arcadia conferences, 76-7
Atlantic Charter, 15
bilateral meetings, 15,121
Casablanca aliases, 196-7
Casablanca summit (Jan 1943), 170-2
Churchills affection, 587
Churchill’s US visit (1943), 280-1
common solidarity, 15
correspondence with Stalin, Churchill
predominance, 50-1,170,353, 355,
389
correspondence with Stalin, FDR
predominance (1945), 529-30
differences over Italy, 288
disagreement on Cairo conference
participants, 334-5
disagreement on India, 95
FDR as balancing element, 587
German surrender messages, 586-7
Katyn and Polish question, 241,244-5
lack of progress on Polish Provisional
Government, 565-70
Newfoundland summit (1941), 34,36-7
Quebec conference (1943), 282-3,286-7,
294-6
Quebec conference (1944), 468-9
reaction to proposed Stalin-FDR
meeting (1943), 271-2
second front vs Mediterranean strategy,
15,254
taken for granted, 345, 392
Washington summit (May 1943)
(‘Trident’), 235-6,247,249,254-63
Clark Kerr, Sir Archibald
Arctic convoy suspension, 228-9
Britain’s public image, 223-4
British ambassador in Moscow, 92,235,
281,370-1,391,557
British press leak, 399,407-8
Cairo conference, 337
Churchill-Stalin meeting, 131,146-7
Darlan concerns, 179
delayed message delivery, 382,383
Italian armistice negotiations, 289, 290,
291,297
Italian fleet share, 361, 375
Katyn massacre, 239
personal relations with Stalin, 93-4, 356
646
INDEX
Polish Commission, 565,574,575-7
Polish militia transfer, 124
Polish question, 242-3,245,377-8,386,
393-4, 505
Polish question briefing to Molotov,
400-1
Pravda article protest, 167
Pravda report on secret talks with
Ribbentrop, 364,365
Red Army parade, 436
second front postponement, 261
Soviet status sensitivity, 326
on Stalin and Quebec conference, 282
on Stalin-Churchill relations, 272-3
on Stalins praise for Normandy landings,
469-70
Colville, Sir John R. (Jock), 7,387,397,
502
Comintern, 254
communism, 454,458,478
convoys
Malta, 123,141,146,150
trans-Atlantic, 180,193-4
trans-Persian, 126
via Vladivostok, 226
see also Arctic convoys
correspondence
Churchills message drafting, 7,42-3
coding systems, 52-3, 55,63,96,106
drafting and translation processes, 2-3,
4-5,7,8-9,311-12
FDRs message drafting, 8-9,105, 530,
573,581-2
messages exchanged, 1
Soviet publication, 1-2,589
Stalins message drafting, 4-5,11,22,
39-40,181
Stalins silences, 163,236,274-6,282,313,
332-3
translation problems, 3,163,191-2,195,
311-12,326-7
triangular diplomacy, 10-11
see also under individual leaders
Crete, 28,29
Cripps, Sir Stafford
Anglo-Russian declaration, 23-5
British ambassador, 19-20,23,68
criticism of Churchill, 51,64
message deliveries, 37,41
and Stalin, 44-5
War Cabinet, 88
‘Crossword’ operation, 555
‘Crusader’ offensive, 51, 82
Curzon line, 354-5,357-8, 365-8, 371-2,
389, 392-4,487-8, 570, 576
D-Day see ‘Overlord’, operation
Daily Herald, 396-7, 591
Darlan, Admiral François
Allied landing success, 181
appointed high commissioner in French
North Africa, 174-5
British and American concerns, 175,179,
180,182-3
Stalins view of‘deal’ 181,182,188,189
Toulon fleet, 176
Davies, Joseph E., 235,248-9,252-4,259,
262,276
Deane, General John R., 319, 409,410, 460,
484,485, 551,552,556
Debice V-2 launch site, 424,429-30,440,
443,445,451-2,477
Dekanozov, Vladimir, 5
Desert Victory (film), 219,221,222-3
Dill, Field Marshal Sir John, 64
Dreyfus Jr, Louis, 340-1
Drummond, Air Marshal Peter, 174,175
Duke of York, HMS, 350-1
Dulles, Allen, 444-5,561
Dunlop, Major Charles, 142
Dutch East Indies, 76,79,101
Dzhugashvili, Yakov, 26
Eden, Anthony
agreement with Gusev on Balkans,
413-14,438-9,482
annoyance with Churchill, 24
Arctic convoys, 123,194
British army in North Russia, 317
British naval personnel, 387
British strategy, 38,42,168
Churchill-Stalin personal meeting, 132
Churchill-Stalin reconciliation/
diplomacy, 66,130
Darlan concerns, 182
desire to do more for Russia (1941), 22,
48
drafting of response on military supplies
for Stalin, 42-3
and France, 508
Italian armistice negotiations, 289,290
Italian fleet share, 360-1, 362
military supplies for ‘Torch’, 153
and minor Axis powers, 64-5
Moscow conference (Oct 1943), 312,
324
Moscow meeting (Oct 1944), 474-5,481
Moscow mission (Dec 1941), 52,69,71,
72-3,74,77
Polish issue, 242,250,403-4,447,525,
540,580
INDEX
647
Polish Provisional Government, lack of
progress, 565-6
on postwar cooperation, 68
Pravda article displeasure, 167
and Soviet border issue, 89,90
troop commitments, 63-4
venue for Tehran conference, 332
Warsaw Uprising, 460
Washington visit (March 1943), 206-7
Yugoslavia, 493, 534
Egypt
Afrika Korps threat, 137
Alamein, 137,150,151
Boston bombers request, 122-3,126
Eisenhower, General Dwight D.
Allied Commission (Italy), chief, 306
‘broad front’ strategy (1945), 545
Churchill desire for summit meeting
(1953), 596-7
French invasion plans (1942), 78,131
German surrender, 586
Italian surrender and armistice (1943),
288, 293,297,314
Leipzig targeted rather than Berlin
(1945), 564-5
military cooperation with Red Army,
519-20,528,532,533-4
Normandy landings, 420,421
‘Overlord’ commander, 346-7
post-Sicily planning, 256, 258
Sicily commander, 198,278,287-8
Stalin cable (1945), 565
‘Torch’, operation, 154,175
Western front advance, 572-3
Far East
Anglo-US objectives, 200,296,469
British losses, 99-100
Japanese successes, 76,99-100,101-2
Soviet territorial demands, 474,475,476,
485-6,539
see also Soviet Far East
FCNL (French Committee of National
Liberation), 266-7, 296, 478,492
Finland
British policy, 35,44, 51,64,65
British war declaration, 74
British war declaration delay, 66,67,70,
71
peace terms, 399
Soviet advance (1944), 450
Soviet policy, 34-5
Soviet-Finnish war, 221
two-week ultimatum, 71,72
US policy, 35
France
commission for Italy representation, 296,
299
Franco-Soviet treaty (1944), 478,497,
505, 508-9,513,514
German conquest, 19
and Poland, 513-14
postwar rehabilitation, 478,496-7,538,
547
postwar territorial claims, 505,509
southern France landings
(‘Anvil7‘Dragoon ), 414,423-4,464
tripartite pact discussions (1944), 508-9,
513,514
US invasion initiative, 78,95-8
see also Gaulle, General Charles de;
‘Overlord’, operation; second front
(1942); second front (1943)
Fraser, Admiral Sir Bruce, 350, 351
French Committee of National Liberation
(FCNL), 266-7,296,478,492
Gaulle, General Charles de
Churchill’s visit, 496
exclusion from operation‘Torch’, 172
FDR aversion, 296,478
FDR and Stalin dislike, 342
mixed Allied views, 265-7
Moscow visit (1944), 497, 504-5, 507-8,
513-14
and Poland, 513
postwar ambitions, 265
George II, King of Greece, 499
German Air Force, 155
German Army
additional troops to Soviet front, 212,
216,217, 220
Kharkov counter-offensive, 219
Stalingrad, 137,155,164,170,178, 202-3
superiority, 155
Ukraine counter-offensive, 204-5
Warsaw counter-attack, 452-3
Warsaw Uprising, 455-6
Germany
Anglo-US plans for the Ruhr and Saar,
468,469
battlecruisers’ Channel escape (1942),
87
FDR proposed appeal to German people
(1944), 416-17, 418-19
invasion of Italy (1943), 297
invasion of Russia (operation
‘Barbarossa’), 21
Nazi-Soviet Pact (1939), 19, 26, 27,78
in Norway, 103
648
INDEX
occupation of Vichy France (1942),
175-6
operation Typhoon (1941), 59
poison gas, possible use, 92,93,94
Pravda report on British-Ribbentrop
secret talks, 363-5,369-70
rumoured Anglo-American contacts, 444
surrender, 586
surrender (North Africa), 250
Tehran conference assassination plans
(‘Long Jump ), 338, 341, 349
war criminals, 167,327
war reparations, 538,544
see also Hitler
Gibraltar, 175
Giraud, General Henri, 175,265-6,267
Glantz, David, 128
Grabski, Stanislaw, 433,448,454,484, 541
Greece
agreement between factions, 545-6
British ‘particular interest , 482
British troop preparations, 472
civil war, 507
coalition government, 507
communist protests, 479
percentages agreement, 391-2,476,
482-3
postwar status discussions, 413-14,437,
438-9,441
resistance, 51,64
Grew, Joseph, 559
Gromyko, Andrey
Crimea as venue for Big Three meeting,
490-1
editor of Big Three correspondence, 2
English translations by, 302, 311
Lange-Orlemanski visit, 404
message delivery, 96,276
possible replacement for Molotov at UN
conference (1945), 559-60
UN negotiations, 464,466, 521,523
venue of Tehran conference, 328-9
Washington ambassador, 3, 6, 55, 63, 281,
292,311
Gusev, Fedor
agreement with Eden on Balkans,
413-14,438-9,482
Churchill refusal of message, 324-5
Churchills low opinion, 311-12
and France, 497
poor English and insight asserted, 390-1
Polish question, 587
press leak accusation refutedy 399, 406-8
Soviet ambassador in London, 6,281,
386, 390, 502, 553
translation issues, 326-7
V-l bombs, 429-30,436
‘Gymnast , operation, 121
Halifax, 1st Earl of, 89-90,276,363,523
Hamilton, Maxwell, 307
Harriman, W. Averell
Cairo conference (1943), 337
Casablanca summit (1943), 198
FDR security at Tehran, 341
FDRs death, 585
FDR’s honorary scrolls, 418
intermediary role, 9,59-60,262,271
Italian armistice negotiations, 291,292
joins Churchill in Moscow visit (1942),
138-9,140
military supply discussions, 48
Moscow conference (1943), 298,299
Moscow mission (1941), 48,50,52, 54-6
observer at Stalin-Churchill meeting
(1944), 476,480, 481,484,486
Polish Commission, 565, 574,575-7
Polish question, 373,381, 386,413,540
postwar economic aid, 544
and POWs, 554
questions FDR’s policy (1945), 582-3,
587
Soviet exclusion from talks on German
surrender in Italy (1945), 556-7
on Stalin, 14,423
US Ambassador in Moscow, 391,442,
469-70,509-10
Warsaw Uprising concerns, 459,460-1
Yalta conference venue, 530
Harris, Air Marshal Arthur (‘Bomber’), 30,
90
Harvey, Oliver, 88,114,167,242,282,373,
394,404,487
Herald Tribune, 399
Hess, Rudolf, 6,20-1,137,166-8
Hitler, Adolf
and Axis leaders, 17
Directive No. 21, 20
operation ‘Blue’, 101
and Rome, 320
Stauffenberg Plot, 424,444-5
Western Front successes, 19
Hong Kong, postwar status, 206
Hopkins, Harry
Casablanca summit (1943), 184-5,198
Churchill and India, 95
concern over Churchill-Stalin meeting
(1944), 480, 486
Crimea venue for Big Three meeting,
490-1,492, 530
INDEX
649
FDR-Churchill intermediary, 345
FDR-Stalin intermediary, 32, 63,276, 287
London visit (1942), 95-6,98-9
message drafting, 8-9,319,329-30
military supplies, 261
Moscow visit (1941), 22, 31-4, 55
Hopkins, Robert, 536
House, Jonathan, 128
Hull, Cordell
Mikolajczyks US visit, 430
Moscow conference (1943), 308-9,312,
329
Polish question, 240
postwar economic collaboration, 395-6
Pravda report on secret talks with
Ribbentrop, 363
Soviet trawler accident, 275
Tehran conference, 333,339
Hungary
British declaration of war, 66,67, 74
British policy, 51,64, 65
British postwar concerns, 472-3
minor Axis power, 51
Hurley, General Patrick, 136,156-7,170,
176-7,341,499
‘Husky’, operation see Sicily
India, 87-8,93, 342, 546
Indochina, 76
intelligence
British-US sharing, 77
Enigma intercepts, 87,320,350
German aircraft production, 155,156
Japanese diplomatic codes, 363
‘Overlord’ cooperation, 421-2
Soviet bugging at Tehran conference, 342
Soviet failures (1941,1942), 20-1,101,
127-8, 277
Soviet reports to Moscow, 53,295
for Stalin, 120
Stalin defence of Soviet informers, 578,
579
State Department weakness, 55,96,106,
302
International Labour Organization (ILO),
398-9,405-6
interpretation problems, 142,147
Iran
Allied advance, 37
railway upgrading, 44
Shahs abdication, 37
Stalin declines to replace Soviet divisions
with British troops, 58-9
Stalins positive view, 41
supply lines and transport links, 37,47,65
Ismay, General Sir Hastings ‘Pug’, 54,56-7,
99, 300
Italian Navy, Soviet demands, 353, 360-3,
368-9,375,377, 394-5,397
Italy
Allied campaign problems, 376
Allied Commission on Italy, 306,307,
312,364
Anglo-US disagreements, 468
Anglo-US plans, 469
Anzio landing, 354, 359, 360,421
armistice conditions, 288-90,293-4,297,
300, 307,314
Badoglio government, 306
Bonomi coalition government, 427-9
Churchill optimism, 278-9, 438,439
Churchill strategic misconception, 262,
264
Churchills second front, 174,193
compromise peace, 529
declaration of war on Germany, 312,
314-15
early plans, 208,210-11
German campaign, 297,303,320
military-political commission, 201,280,
291, 293-4, 296,298,299,301,
302-4,307
Monte Cassino success, 415-16
post-‘Husky’ plans, 256, 258
Rome liberated, 419-20,420-1
Said Republic, 305
Soviet exclusion from surrender (1943),
289-92
Soviet exclusion from German surrender
talks (1945), 6, 555-9,560-4,570-4,
578-80, 581-3
surrender, 289-91, 297, 302
Izvestiya, 63, 371,592
Jacob, Ian, Colonel, 483
Japan
Aleutian islands capture, 120
Anglo-US policy, 54
battle of Midway defeat, 76,102
diplomatic codes, 363
Pearl Harbor attack, 75-6, 79-80
Soviet conditions for entry into war,
538-9
Soviet entry into war encouraged, 470,
471,485-6
Soviet support once Germany defeated,
312,343
Soviet-Japanese neutrality pact, 38,41,
76, 79-80t 102, 120,191, 337
see also Far East; Pacific; Soviet Far East
650
INDEX
Katyn massacre
discovery of graves, 234,236-7
documents prove Soviet responsibility,
236
London Poles request Red Cross
investigation, 234,237,239-41,243
Stalin blames Germany, 234,236-8,
371
Stalin breaks with London Poles, 238,
240-4,434
Stalins continued pressure, 434
Kesselring, Field Marshal Albert, 320,427,
469,571,572
Kharkov, 114,277-8
Kharlamov, Rear Admiral Nikolay, 26,161
Kiev, 45, 337
Kimball, Warren, 186, 337
Knox, Frank, 411
Konev, Marshal, 532-3, 535,565
Königsberg, 371, 372,380
Kosarev, Boris, 536
Kotkin, Stephen, 4
Kurile Islands, 539
Kursk, 236, 253,270,275,276, 277-8
Kutuzov (film), 517-18
Kuybyshev, embassies evacuated to, 51,59,
279
Lamont, Grace, 111-12
Lange, Oskar, 404-5,411-12,455,456-7
League of Nations, 18,116,117,405-6,464,
467
Leahy, William, Admiral
German-Allied surrender talks, 571-2,
581-3
message drafting, 9,213-14,240,362,
460,480,519,557-8
Polish question, 565
Lebedev, Viktor, 433-4, 577
Lend-Lease
second loan, 83,84,85
to Soviet Union, 10,31-2, 50, 60-1,62-3,
544
US Tomahawks, 30
via Iran, 37
Leningrad, 45,46,102,376,418
Libya, 44,48,54, 70,71, 73,80
Litvinov, Maksim
and FDR, 91
and Japan, 79-80
postwar issues, 248
recalled from Washington (1943), 5-6,
272, 274, 281
on second front, 143,161-2
Washington ambassador, 5-6,97,99,100
London Poles see Polish
government-in-exile
Lublin committee see Polish Committee of
National Liberation (PCNL)
Mac Arthur, General Douglas, 81,88,140
Maclean, Fitzroy, 359,365,494
Macmillan, Harold, 302-3
Maisky, Ivan
advice on Churchill-Stalin relations, 273
Arctic convoys, 124,161,194,226-8
British deal with Hitler unlikely, 165
British generals1 visit, 66
Churchill-Stalin intermediary, 52,64-5,
66,74,130,132,134
dissatisfaction with British, 38-9,41,161
diversion of US fighter planes for Torch
153
on Hitler’s spring offensive, 92
implications of Stalingrad success, 203
Katyn massacre, 238
London ambassador, 5-6,32,46-7
message drafting and translation, 27, 70
and minor Axis powers, 64-5
Polish question, 242-3,250
Pravda article, 167
recalled from London (1943), 5-6,272,
274,281
recognition of Britain’s effort, 224
on second front, 143,174,187,209-210
Maitland-Wilson, General Sir Henry, 346
Maksimov, Mikhail, 340-1
Malenkov, Georgiy, 596, 598
Malta convoy (1942), 123,141,146,150
Manstein, Field Marshal Erich von, 204-5,
219
Margesson, David, 26
Marshall, General George C.
Casablanca conference, 170
Eisenhower mentor, 533-4
French invasion plans, 99,104,117,118
importance of unified command, 77
London visit (1942), 98-9
Moscow emissary proposal (1943), 192,
193,195,196
‘Overlord’, operation, 408
post-‘Husky’ plans for Italy, 256
second front, 197
‘Torch’, operation, 154
Trident meeting conclusions, 256
Martel, General Giffard, 231, 232
Mason-MacFarlane, Noel, 26
media
British press leaks, 66,67,70,396-7,399,
406-8
INDEX
651
Nazi invasion anniversary greetings, 121
Stalingrad victory, 207
medical supplies, 50, 66
Mediterranean
British Empires supply lines, 8
British resources, 217-18
Casablanca discussions, 171,199-200
Churchill obsession, 8, 51,183
Churchill strategy, 15,255,264
Churchill on gleaming opportunities’,
334-5
objectives, 216-18,296
see also Malta convoy; North Africa;
Sicily
Middle East
British forces, 44
Polish militia, 124,126-7
see also under individual countries
Mikolajczyk, Stanislaw
Anglo-US continuing confidence in,
505-6,525,526-7
disliked in Soviet Union, 577
leader of Polish government-in-exile,
354-5, 365-6, 373
meeting with PCNL, 454-5
Moscow visit (Aug 1944), 446,447-9,
454-5
Moscow visit (Oct 1944), 484, 487-8
Polish borders, 373,377
possible member of Provisional
Government, 541,569, 577, 580
resignation, 479,493
Stalins low opinion of, 479, 512
and Warsaw uprising, 452
Washington visit (1944), 430-2,433
Mikoyan, Anastas, 84,395-6
military cooperation
Big Three talks, 181,182,184
Combined Chiefs of Staff, 76
Eastern and Western Fronts, 388,409-10,
423-4,519
German T-5 torpedoes, 477,503-4,
514-15
‘Overlord’ progress, 420-1
unified command policy, 77
V-2 rocket, 424,440,443,445,451-2,477
Vistula-Oder offensive brought forward,
528, 532-5
military supplies
British offer, 43-4
centralization of US deliveries, 85-6
Churchill’s determination to continue,
103
compensation for second front
postponement, 261
diversion of US fighter planes for ‘Torch’,
137,153
monthly deliveries, 46
Moscow Protocol (1941), 56, 103
Moscow supply mission (1941), 36,37,
48-9,50, 52-7
Soviet needs, 45-7, 56-7
troops, 70,71,73
US approval of supplies, 60,61
US delays and shortfall, 82-3, 84, 85, 94,
98, 103
US potential share, 43,44,48-9, 53
US promising and delivering more
(1942), 251
US tanks, 122-3,149,150
US Tomahawks, 30,37
see also aircraft; Arctic convoys
Molotov, Vyacheslav
Anglo-Soviet treaty negotiations (1942),
105-6,110,112,113-14
apologizes to Stalin (1945), 590-1
Berlin visit, 20
Big Three intermediary, 104,105
British military in North Russia, 317,
318, 325-6
and Bulgaria, 472
characteristics, 5
Churchill’s postwar meeting proposals,
596-8
Clark Kerr briefing on Poland, 400-1
convoy resumption, 315, 316
diplomatic relations with Polish
government-in-exile, 237,240
does not attend Cairo meeting (1943),
336-7, 338
FDR’s death, 585
on French Committee of National
Liberation (FCNL), 266
Italian armistice discussions, 289,290-1
Italian fleet share, 360-1,362
London visit (1942), 104,111-14
message drafting, 5,34,55, 66, 84,220,
290,293,432
message drafts amended by Stalin, 181,
321-2,329,347,348,418
Moscow conference (Oct 1943), 312
overruled by Stalin (1942), 113-14,117
Polish commission, 565, 568, 574
Polish question, 587
postwar settlement, 77
on second front, 143-4,144,145
SOE agents in Romania, 413
Soviet diplomatic service, 236
Soviet exclusion from German surrender
talks, 556-8, 570
652
INDEX
Stalins deputy, 333-4, 590
Stalins view of Churchill (1942), 136
Tehran conference, 310,341
UN conference attendance (1945),
559-60,569,574,585-6
UN General Assembly seats, 542
US economic aid, 544
Warsaw Uprising, 460
Washington visit (1942), 97,98,107,110,
116-18
Yalta conference venue, 530
Molotov-Ribbentrop pact, 42,64
Montgomery, General Bernard
Moscow visit, 594
Normandy landings, 357
North Africa, 138,169,217
Western Front, 501,545,555, 564
Moran, Lord, 135-6,146,489
Morgenthau, Henry, 94
Moscow
Beaverbrook mission (1941), 48-9,50,
52-7
Eden mission (1941), 52,69,71, 72-3,74,
77
embassies evacuated (1941), 51,59
embassies return (1943), 279
martial law, 59
Red Army counter-offensive, 74,81-2
Wavell-Paget talks, 51,64
Moscow conference (Churchill-Stalin
1942), 135,138-48
Moscow conference (Churchill-Stalin
1944), 470,471,474-5,475, 480-91
Moscow conference of foreign ministers
(1943)
agenda discussions, 319, 320-1
declaration on Nazi atrocities, 327
international economic cooperation,
384-5
military advisers, 298,299,300
preparations, 279,284,287,298, 299-301
Stalins request for advance texts, 304-5
success, 312
venue choice, 301,302,303,308-9,310
Murmansk, 5,29,107,315,316-18
see also Arctic convoys
Murphy, Robert, 303
Mussolini, Benito, 3-5,278-9,286
Namsos, 28,29
Nazi-Soviet Pact (1939), 19,26,27,78
New York Herald Tribune, 399,407
New York Times, The, 347,593
New Zealand, and Germany First strategy,
177,184
Normandy landings see ‘Overlord’,
operation
North Africa
Allies’ slow progress, 207, 210,213,214,
215,216-17
Stalin disappointment at, 195,196,
204,205,212
Australian troop recall, 87
Axis losses, 252
British campaign, 51,82,101
British successes, 175,231,232
Darlan’s appointment, 174-5
German surrender (May 1943), 250
German-Italian offensive, 76
US support for British invasion, 104,121
see abo Alamein; Egypt; Libya; ‘Torch’,
operation
Norway, 23,28,29,161
potential second front, 120-1,126,154
Novikov, Kirill, 144
Novorossiysk liberation, 303
O’Malley, Sir Owen, 239
Orlemanski, Stanislaus, 404-5,411-12
Osobka-Morawski, Edward, 455,541
‘Overlord’, operation
British shipping needs, 395
casualties, 439,444
Churchill visit, 429
Churchill s fears, 392
deception plans (‘Bodyguard’), 388,420
Eisenhower command, 346-7
FDR proposed appeal to German people,
416-17,418-19
intelligence sharing, 421-2
Quebec discussions (1943), 294-5
Stalin praise, 428,429, 469-70
Stalins framed portraits, 437
start date, 345, 360,408-10,420,421
successes, 423,425-6,427,444
Tehran discussions (1943), 343-5
Washington spring 1943 commitment,
255, 258
Pacific
British fleet, 65-6,74
Casablanca summit, 200
Guadalcanal successes, 177,178,181
Japanese successes, 101-2
objectives of Allies, 296
US campaign, 99,535,536
US strategy, 460
Pacific War Council, 80
Paget, General Bernard, 64,65,67
Paris, Churchill visit (1944), 478,496
INDEX
653
Paulus, General Friedrich, 170,202-3
Pavlov, Vladimir (translator), 142, 147, 163,
191-2,195,200-1,245,252,259
PCNL see Polish Committee of National
Liberation (PCNL)
Pearl Harbor attack, 75-6
Peter II, King of Yugoslavia, 359,457-8,
494,499,517,534
Philippines, 76, 81,101-2
poison gas, 92,93,94,109,232-3
Poland
Britain’s independence guarantee, 18,354
Churchill on veil of secrecy’, 566, 569
free elections principle, 542
Lange-Orlemanski visit to Soviet Union,
404-5,411-12
militia transfer to Palestine, 124,126-7
popular opinion in the West, 568, 570
Provisional Government, lack of
progress, 565-70,574-7, 587
rumours of creation of rival government
in Moscow, 244-5,246
Soviet strategic interest, 487,523, 524-5,
540
and Soviet Union, 365,576, 577
Union of Polish Patriots (UPP) (Moscow
Poles), 411-12,434
US aid offer, 431
US and British denied access, 565,568,
569
Yalta conference deficiencies, 529, 542-3,
549-51,565
Yalta conference discussions, 539-43
see also Warsaw; Warsaw Uprising
Polish-Americans
and 1944 election, 355,373,461
in military, 241
Polish border
Anglo-Soviet discussions, 112
Benes visit, 357
breakdown of Soviet-Polish negotiations,
399,400,400-4
British press leak, 396-7,399
Churchill-Polish government
discussions, 377-81,386-7
Curzon line, 354-5,357-8,365-8,371-2,
389, 392-4,487-8,570,576
excluded from Anglo-Soviet treaty
(1942), 104
population exchange, 381,516
Riga Treaty line (1921), 371,372, 377,
378
Soviet-PCNL agreements, 449-50
temporary Soviet-Polish wartime
cooperation, 358,379-80
UN administration idea, 386
US opinion, 516
Wilno (Vilna), Lwow and Königsberg,
377,379,386-7,393,430,454
Yalta conference statement, 542
Polish Committee of National Liberation
(PCNL)
alternative to London government, 425,
433-4,451
Anglo-US efforts to defer recognition,
515-16,517,523,525-7,539-41
denounced by London Poles, 447
establishment, 446-7
and France, 513-14
Lange as foreign affairs chief, 455,
456-7
Lublin provisional capital, 449
meeting with London Poles (Aug 1944),
454-5
meeting with London Poles (Oct 1944),
482,487-8
recognition by Stalin, 479, 523,530
Stalins support for, 512-13, 524
US policy, 515-17, 526-7
Polish emigrants
in British armed forces, 506
role in Monte Cassino victory, 415
in Soviet Union, 237,241-2
to join forces in Iran, 243,245,247
Polish government-in-exile
anti-Soviet bias of Polish press, 242,243,
246
British recognition, 368,393
Churchill’s fury (Oct 1944), 487
composition, Soviet pressure for changes,
250,365,368, 371, 372-3,374-5,
380,430,433
and Katyn massacre investigation, 234,
236-7,239-41,243,434
Mikolajczyks resignation, 479,506
Moscow visit (Oct 1944), 484,487-8
prospects of return to Poland uncertain,
247
secret contact with Moscow Poles, 404
Soviet toughened stance (1944), 402,
433-5
Stalin severs diplomatic relations (1943),
234,237-8,240-4,246
Polish Home Army ( AK)
anti-Soviet activity, 512, 540
V-2 rocket discovery, 440
see also Warsaw Uprising
Polish underground
and border question, 378
and Red Army, 365,367
654
INDEX
Red Army collaboration, 379-80,404,
431,434
viewed as criminals by Stalin, 425,461-2,
512,524,525
Portugal, Azores, 290
Poskrebyshev, Aleksandr, 39
postwar planning
British Armistice and Post-War
Committee, 464,472-3
and China, 312, 320, 321
Declaration on Liberated Europe, 542-3,
550
economic collaboration, 384-5,395-6
European Advisory Council, 312,509
FDR’s‘four policemen peacekeeping, 116,
117,206,295,346
Four Power Declaration (1943), 312
for Germany, 468
international institutions, 383-5,389
Joint Strategic Survey Committee (JSSC),
581
US aid for economic reconstruction, 516,
544
postwar spheres of influence
Anglo-Soviet treaty negotiations (1942),
77-8, 89,90-2,104,112
Balkans, 20,413-14,437,438-9,441,
489-90
Churchill’s fears, 346
excluded from Anglo-Soviet declaration,
24, 25
Far East, 12
FDR vision, 206
FDR-Churchill differing approaches, 12
implications of Soviet military successes,
337,450-1
Indochina, 342
Königsberg, 371,372
percentages agreement (1944), 391-2,
476,478-9,482-4
Poland, 8,16,24
right of emigration, 105
Soviet Union’s June 1941 borders, 77-8,
89-90,92
Stalin’s changing policy, 6
Stalins early overtures, 68, 69, 71, 72
Western bloc, 478,497,500-1, 504
Yalta negotiations, 16
Potsdam conference (1945), 588
Pound, Admiral Sir Dudley, 110,123,124
Pravda, 74,80-1,167,347, 363-5,369,371,
590-1,592-3
prisoners of war, 529,538, 551-5
Polish militia transfer to Palestine, 124,
126-7
Quebec conference (‘Octagon’ 1944), 468-9
Quebec conference (‘Quadrant’ 1943),
282-3,286-7,294-6
Red Air Force, 21,109,164,231
Red Army
advance into Ukraine (1944), 354,358,
360,408,409
anniversary congratulations, 86-7,204,
214,377,383
British admiration, 23
casualties (1942), 102
Eastern European successes, 471-2
expectation of second front in France,
141-2
Kharkov and Crimea disasters (1942),
114,127
Kiev success (1943), 337
Leningrad success (1944), 376
Moscow counter-offensive (1941), 74,
81-2
Orel-Kursk success (1943), 277-8,281,
284,286
panic-mongers, 128
Rostov-on-Don recapture (1941), 73,74
Smolensk victory (1943), 308
US fighter friendly fire incident (Dec
1944), 504
Vistula-Oder offensive (1945), 528,
532-5
Warsaw assault called off (1944), 452-3
Western scepticism over abilities (1941),
21
see also ‘Bagration offensive (1944);
Stalingrad
Red Navy
Arctic convoys, 109
deficiencies, 107
German T-5 torpedoes, 477,503-4,
514-15
Novorossiysk, 303
transfer of ships to Soviet Union, 361-3,
369,375, 377, 382-3, 385-6
Reilly, Mike, 338
Ribbentrop, Joachim, 363
Molotov-Ribbentrop pact, 42,64
Riga Treaty (1921), 371,372, 377,378
Rokossovskiy, General Konstantin, 450,453,
462-3
Romania
British declaration of war, 66,67,74
British policy, 51,64,65
Churchills concerns, 550
minor Axis power, 51
oilfields, 264, 543
INDEX
655
percentages agreement, 482-3
postwar status discussions, 77-8,413-14,
437, 438-9,441,566, 567
Red Army collaboration, 471-2
SOE agents, 413
Romer, Tadeusz, 239,448,454,484,506,
541
Rommel, Erwin, 76,102,121,150,169,172,
190, 426,427
Roosevelt, Franklin D.
character, 8-10,119
constitutional responsibilities and
Tehran conference venue, 299, 313,
327-8,330-1,335
death, 583,584-5,599
dislike for State Department, 55,96,106,
302,311
election victory (1944), 479
endorses Anglo-Russian declaration
(1941), 25
foreign policy, 9-10,94-8
ill health, 9,10,213,352,355,388-9,411,
530,537,549-50,573
message drafting, 8-9,105,530,573,
581-2
Mikolajczyk visit (1944), 430-2,433
Molotov visit (1942), 96,97, 98,106,107,
110,116-18
postwar vision, 206
press conference on Italian ships (1943),
394
proposed appeal to German people
(1944), 416-17, 418-19
Soviet-British treaty negotiations (1942),
91
special envoys, 9,156,170,171,176,
600
State Department transmission
problems, 55
and Western aid, 22
see also Churchill-Roosevelt relations;
Stalin-Roosevelt relations
Rostov-on-Don, 73,74,101,128,210
‘Roundup, operation, 78, 96,99,154,197
Royal Air Force
numbers, 218
Tirpitz sinking, 495-6
Warsaw airlift, 452-3,456,462
Royal Navy
German T-5 torpedoes, 477,503-4,
514-15
need for destroyers, 394-5
in North Russia, 315,316-18,323-4,
325-6
sinking of ScharnhorsU 350-1
transfer of ships to Soviet Union, 353,
360-3,368-9,375, 377, 382-3,
385-6,394-5, 397,463
see also Arctic convoys
rubber, 31,34
Sakhalin, 539
Salazar, Antonio, 290
Sardinia, 174,256,296, 307
Sargent, Sir Orme, 163
Scharnhorst (battleship), 87,125,225, 311,
350-1
second front (1942)
Britain’s geopolitical constraints, 28-30
Churchill-Stalin meeting confirms no
early second front, 135,140-6
divergent US-British views, 15,99-100,
104, 118-19,121
German troop preparations, 127
Maisky intervention, 38-9
Molotov discussions, 112
Red Army expectation, 141-2,145
Soviet request deemed impossible
(1941), 39,41,42-3
Stalins requests, 22,26-7,104-5,106,129
US pressure for, 78,95-6,97-8,116-17,
118,131
see also ‘Roundup’, operation;
‘Sledgehammer’, operation
second front (1943)
British-American vague promise, 208-9
Casablanca postponement, 171-2,197,
198,200
Churchill-Stalin strains, 267-74
Churchill’s concerns, 334-5
Churchill’s promises, 181,182,199,202,
211,268-9,273
Churchill’s strategic view, 183,215,217,
263-4
joint decision needed, 187,188
lack of troops and shipping, 205,
209-210, 215,218-19,258
landing craft shortages, 171,193,270
only when Hitler’s power on the wane,
216,219, 344
pressure on British, 319
Stalin’s continuing push for, 189, 204,
211,212-13,220-1
Stalin’s doubts over British-American
commitment, 201-2
Washington postponement, 235-6,255,
258
Washington postponement, Stalin’s
anger, 5-6,235-6,259-65,267-70
see also ‘Overlord’, operation
656
INDEX
shipping
Atlantic battle success (1943), 286
compensation in event of Russian fleet
destruction, 45, 46,48
German Channel escape, 87
German T-5 torpedoes, 477, 503-4,
514-15
Norwegian coast, 23
planned attack off Norway and Finland,
28,29
Soviet request for Italian ships, 353,
360-3,368,368-9, 375,377, 394-5
Soviet trawler accident, 275,276
submarine menace, 193-4,257,316
via Vladivostok, 158
see also Arctic convoys; convoys
Sicily
Churchill priority, 174
early plans, 208,209,210-11
invasion plans (operation‘Husky’), 198,
216,217,220,275
invasion success, 278,286-7,287-8
post-‘Husky’ plans, 250
Stalin congratulations, 286
Sikorski, General Wladyslaw
British view, 251
death, 274-5
London Poles’ leader, 234
request for Katyn massacre investigation,
234,236-7,239-40,241,243
Singapore, 76,79,87, 88
‘Sledgehammer’, operation, 78,96,99,104,
117,121,144,145,197
Smolensk, 26,308
Smuts, Jan, 337,419
Sobolev, Arkadiy, 274,275,282,289, 291
Sosnkowski, General Kazimierz, 371, 372,
433,434
Soviet Far East
potential Japanese threat, 171
proposed US air units, 190-2,193,195,
196, 343,538
Soviet press, 115,119-20
Soviet Union
Allied collaboration, 184
Anglo-Russian declaration (1941), 22,
23-6
animosity to Poland, 18-19
anthem, 351-2,356-7,359,376
Britain’s admiration for war effort, 23, 30,
66,92
Britain’s improved public image in,
223-4
British ‘orientalist’ perceptions, 13-14
food privations, 102
Franco-Soviet treaty (1944), 478,497,
505,508-9,513,514
German invasion, 21
industrial evacuations and losses, 39-41,
40-1,45,102
Lange-Orlemanski visit, 404-5,411-12
Nazi-Soviet Pact (1939), 19,26,27,78
nicknames for Western leaders, 11
postwar borders, 77-8,89,90
severs diplomatic relations with Polish
government-in-exile, 234,237-8,
240-4,246
Soviet-Japanese neutrality pact, 38,41,
76,79-80,102,120,191,337
suspicions of Britain and capitalism, 18,
20,22,111
suspicions of British-US postwar
collusion, 68
US postwar credits, 538, 544
see also Anglo-Soviet treaty (1942)
Stalin, Josef V.
accepts Anglo-Soviet treaty, 104,113-14
anger at postponement of second front
(1943), 5-6,235-6,259-65,267-70
appeal for troops and supplies, 22,39-45,
58-9
Bolshevik Revolution anniversary speech
(1942) , 184
caution over claiming success too early,
178
cavalier attitude to risks and losses, 129,
435-6
characteristics, 4-5,14-15,325
and Clark Kerr, 93-4
on communism for Germany, 454
correspondence silences, 163,236,274-6,
282,313,332-3
death, 596
declines to attend Casablanca summit
(1943) , 171,186-8
diplomatic skill in meetings, 14,313
Eisenhower cable, 565
front visits as pretext for slow replies,
275,282,284,285, 313,333,338,
356, 376-7,400-1
grasp of strategic detail, 485
ignores warnings on German intentions
(1941), 20-1
ill health, 352,470,471, 589-90
justification for Nazi-Soviet Pact, 26,27
message drafting, 4-5,11,22,39-40,181
military dress, 204
misreading of German intentions, 20-1,
101,127-8
Moscow supply mission (1941), 50,52-7
INDEX
657
one-two-three meeting tactics, 50,52
optimism on speedy end to war, 77,91
postwar paranoia, 591-3,599
recall of ambassadors, 5-6, 236,272, 274,
281
reliance on others, 4
and Roosevelt, 11-12
sense of humour, 488,489
speech on Allied war effort, 502
status sensitivity, 235,326
suspicious and autocratic nature, 281
Tedder visit, 534-5
Tito visit, 473
Stalin, Svetlana, 147
Stalin-Churchill relations
on Anglo-Soviet treaty, 115-16
anniversary greetings, 121,172,173, 174,
495
Arctic convoy crises, 103-4,107-9,
123-6,194, 311, 315-16,321-6
birthday greetings, 52,73-4, 80, 170,184,
349-50, 502, 518-19,520,594
British press leak, 396-7,399,406-8
Churchill delight at recognition of
Britain’s effort, 223-4
Churchill proposal for discussions
ignored (1940), 19-20
Churchill refuses Stalins message on
convoy obligations (1943), 324-5
Churchill’s erratic feelings, 13-14, 22
Churchill’s moody silence, 408,410
Churchill’s solicitude, 309-310
Churchill’s sombre moods, 291-2,387
Churchill’s speech of gratitude (1945),
590-1
Clark-Kerr’s advice to Churchill (1943),
272-3
conciliatory messages, 51-2, 69-74
congratulations on army successes,
81-2
convoy and second front strains (1942),
127-30
diversion of US fighter planes for Torch’,
153
film discussions, 219,221, 222-3
interpretation at meetings, 142,147
Katyn massacre and Polish government,
236-40,241-6
message concealed from FDR, 219,221
military supplies, 43-4
Moscow meeting suggested (1942), 115,
131-2,133,134
Moscow visit (1942), 135,138-48
Moscow visit (1944), 470,471,474-5,
475,480-91
personal relationship, 135-6,147-8,178,
179,184,205-6,488-9, 491, 517-18,
520-1,594
Polish disagreements, 389-90,392-4,
400-4
post-Tehran cordiality, 349-52,353
postwar contacts, 589-95
Pravda report on Britain’s secret talks
with Germany, 363-5,369-70
as prima donnas, 390,399
Red Army Day congratulations, 86-7,
383
shared geopolitical interests, 70
Stalin denunciation of Churchills Fulton
speech, 592-4
Stalin request for 25-30 divisions, 45-7
Stalin’s cryptic message (Oct 1942),
162-4
Stalin’s fears of collusion with Germany,
165-6
Stalins first message, 26-8
Stalin’s gifts, 488, 493
Stalin’s May Day message, 235,245-6
Stalin’s mild response to convoy
suspension (March 1943), 227-9
strains and bonhomie at Tehran
conference (1943), 344-6
strains over second front (1942), 104-5,
262-5, 267-74
strains and reconciliation (1941), 51-2,
64-72
telegram on war situation not sent
(1942), 88
two Stalins’ trope, 14-15, 136,143, 206,
222, 352,489
USSR as serious ally, 51,52
Stalin-Roosevelt relations
birthday greetings, 519, 521,536
Churchill unaware of proposed
face-to-face meeting (1943), 262
disagreement over UN establishment,
464-7
FDR desire for personal relationship,
127,184-5
FDR personal emissaries, 32, 136,156-7,
170,176,192,193,235, 248
FDR positive news, 83-7
FDR statement published in Soviet press,
63
FDR suggestion for one-on-one meeting,
declined (1943), 235,248-9,252-3,
259, 262, 271, 276, 283-4
FDR’s claim to be able to handle Stalin, 9,
95,105
and Finland, 34-5
658
INDEX
greetings for FDR s re-election (1944),
495
Hopkins visit, 31-4
and Japan, 79-80
Katyn massacre and Polish government,
240-2
Lend-Lease aid, 50
limited 1942 contact, 136
Moscow supply conference, 54-6, 59-63
October Revolution congratulations
(1942), 172,173,174
open tribute to Soviet people, 265
personal contacts, 59-60,62-3,106
post-Tehran cordiality, 347-9
proposed Alaska meeting (1942), 79,
96, 98
second front, 104-5
shortfall of military supplies, 82-3,
84,85
Stalins playful sarcasm, 333-4
Stalin s warmth of tone, 50,62,136
summary, 11-13
Tehran conference, 16, 339,341-3
Tehran as venue for 1943 conference,
313,327-34
‘Trident’ meeting conclusions, 256-8
Stalingrad
deteriorating situation, 155,164
Heroic Stalingrad, 219,222,223
honorary scroll, 418
Italian troops, 288
siege, 137
Soviet victory, 202-3,207-8
success of operation ‘Uranus’, 164,170,
173,176,178,182
Standley, Admiral William H.
Alaska-Siberia route, 121-2
Casablanca report to Stalin, 200-1
FDR‘Santa Claus’ attitude to Stalin, 136
limits of relationship with Stalin, 98
sidelined by Roosevelt, 235,252,253
US ambassador in Moscow, 83-4, 85,
157-8
Stauffenberg Plot, 424,444-5
Steinhardt, Laurence, 21,37,61,83
Stettinius, Edward, 404-5,457,464, 509-10,
529,552
Stimson, Henry, 523,551, 552
Subasic, Ivan
Moscow visit, 494,499-500
prime minister of royal government-in-
exile, 458
Tito-Subasic agreement, 458,479,499,
517, 534
‘Sunrise’, operation, 555
Tedder, Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur, 477,
520,532
Tehran conference (1943)
Asian war discussions, 343,346
Churchill’s birthday dinner, 345
difficult travel for the leaders, 337,
338
FDR accommodation in Soviet embassy,
313,338,339-41,342
FDR deflects Churchill’s requests for
bilateral meetings, 13, 313,336
FDR-Stalin bilateral relations, 16,339,
341-3
German assassination plans (‘Long
Jump), 338,341,349
harmony, 314
‘Overlord’ discussions, 343-5
positive impressions from the Big Three,
347-52
public relations success, 347
security, 309-310,318-19
Soviet intelligence bugging, 342
Soviet objectives, 313-14
subsequent ill health of leaders, 349-50,
352
venue choice, 301,302,303,305,313,
327-34
Times, The, 347,396-7,399,406-8
Tirpitz (battleship), 103,108,123,125,
225-6, 350,495-6
Tito, Josip Broz
Churchill meeting, 458
Churchill’s suspicions, 479
Moscow visit (Sep 1944), 473
partisans, 359
Tito-Suba§ic agreement, 458,479,499,
517,534
Tobruk, 80,82,102,121,175
‘Torch’, operation
de Gaulle’s exclusion, 172
implications for second front, 154
postponement, 150
preparations, 131,137,141,151,160,168,
172
success, 169,175
translation problems, 3,163,191-2,195,
311-12,326-7
see also interpretation problems
Truman, Harry S., 584,586,587,593
Tully, Grace, 329
Turkey
air fields, 216
attempts to bring into war, 54,257,
437-8,439,441-2
Churchill visit (1943), 201, 207
INDEX
659
Churchills priority,47-8, 54,174,176,
179-80
munitions supplies, 179-80
neutrality, 44
Stalin’s agreement to Turkish
belligerency, 181,182
Ukraine, UN General Assembly seat, 465
Umanskiy, Konstantin, 32, 34, 35
Union of Polish Patriots (UPP) (Moscow
Poles),411-12,434
United Nations
establishment, 424
FDR preparation of keynote address, 571
founding conference, 585-6
General Assembly seats, 464-5,542,
546-7
Molotov attends founding conference,
585-6
Molotov says unable to attend founding
conference, 559-60, 569,574
postwar economic cooperation, 383-5
Relief and Rehabilitation Administration,
384
Roosevelt broadcast, 78-9
Roosevelt objective, 10,16
Security Council voting, 466-7,477-8,
509-11,521-3
Soviet demands, 464-7
Soviet membership, 586
United States
battle of Midway, 76,102
Churchills hopes for, 54
domestic casualties, 102
election (1944), 373,479
New Deal, 355
Pearl Harbor attack, 75-6
and Poland, 515-17
postwar credits for Soviet Union, 538,
544
Soviet-Finnish war mediation offer, 221
special relationship with Britain, 298, 592
wartime crises, 78
see also Lend-Lease; Polish-Americans
United States Army
black troops, 532
slow build up in Britain, 205,206, 210,
215,218
see also Western Front
United States Army Air Forces (AAF/
USAAF)
aircraft for Russia, 261
Alaska-Siberia air bridge, 105,120,
121-2
bases in Soviet Europe, 343,422, 543
bases in Soviet Far East, 190-2,193,195,
196, 343,538
Red Army fighter incident, 504
Strategic Bombing Survey, 543-4
Warsaw mission refuelling problems,
424-5,458-9,460-1
United States Navy
Pacific campaign, 99
Pearl Harbor attack, 75-6
transfer of ships to Soviet Union, 361-3,
369, 375,377, 382-3,385-6,397
USSR see Soviet Union
V-l flying bombs, 429-30,436-7,440
V-2 rockets, launch site, 424,429-30,440,
443,445,451-2,477
Vatutin, General Nikolay, 176
Vichy France, German invasion, 175-6
Victor Emmanuel III, King, 427
Vladivostok, 158
Voroshilov, Marshal Kliment, 338
Vyshinskiy, Audrey, 5, 20,41,61, 310,327,
340,459
War and the Working Class (journal), 364,
370
War Cabinet
on Anglo-Russian declaration (1941),
24-5
approves Churchill-Stalin meeting
(1942), 132
draft Anglo-Soviet treaty, 105
Nazi atrocities, 327
Polish question, 250, 366, 392,393,403,
460
RAF Warsaw airlift, 462
reshuffle, 88
role in message drafting, 7
Russian supplies, 30,42-3
Soviet border issue, 89
Soviet‘unfriendly attitude’, 168
tripartite commission on Italy, 294
tripartite treaty to include France, 508
Yugoslavia, 534
war criminals, 167, 327
Warner, Christopher, 224, 261,290,326,
356
Warsaw
Soviet approach, 447,450
State National Council, 404,434
Warsaw Uprising (1944), 458-63
AK surrender, 425
Allied supply and refuelling problems,
424-5,456,458-9,460-1
begins, 452
660
INDEX
British and US public opinion, 456,460,
461
casualties, 425
German response, 455-6
RAF supply drops, 452-3,456,462
Red Army supplies, 462-3
situation worsens, 455-6
Soviet passivity, 424,453,456,459-62
Washington summit (May 1943) (‘Trident’)
fraught discussions, 254-9
preparations, 247-8,250
second front postponement, 235-6,255,
258
Stalins anger, 5-6,235-6,259-65,267-9
Wavell, General Sir Archibald, 59,64,65,67
Wehrmacht
Army Group Centre loss, 435
Arnhem defeat, 477
Battle of the Bulge success, 477
Caucasus oilfields offensive, 76, 87
spring offensive (1942), 92,101,127-8
summer offensive (‘Citadel’) (1943), 253,
277-8
superiority, 155
Ukraine coastal losses, 415
Welles, Sumner, 20,21,35,83,90,105,127,
157, 298, 308
Western bloc, 478,497,500-1,504
Western Front
Allied progress, 423,444,493,494,501
Alsace, 531,545
Ardennes crisis, 519, 531-2
Eisenhower’s ‘broad front’ strategy, 545
German counter-attacks, 477, 519,579
logistical problems, 485
Willkie, Wendell, 136,139-40,150,152,155,
158
Wilson, Geoffrey, 281,390
Wilson, Woodrow, 10
Winant, John Gilbert (Gil), 32,114, 288-9
Wolff, General Karl, 555, 561,572,573
Yalta conference (1945)
accommodation, 288, 537
‘Argonaut’, code name, 531
Churchill hope for French attendance,
508,509
compromises on results, 528-9,547-8
date, 497-8,499
difficult travel, 528,537
objectives, 537-8
photographers, 536
Polish discussions, 539-43
Polish settlement deficiencies, 529,
542-3,549-51,588
positive impressions from Big Three,
548-9
Stalin’s performance, 14
UN General Assembly seats, 464-5,542,
546-7
venue choice, 476-7,490-1,492-3,
497-9,530
Yugoslavia
Allied coastal operation, 507
British mission, 359,416
Chetnik guerrillas, 494
Churchill support for King Peter, 359,
457
concern over Soviet influence, 494
partisan resistance, 359,416
percentages agreement, 483
Soviet aid, 457
Soviet mission, 359,416
Soviet troops, 473
Soviet-British joint approach, 493-4,
506-7,517
Tito-Subasic agreement, 458,479,499,
517, 534
Zaslavskiy, David, 80-1
Zhdanov, Audrey, 559
Zhukov, Marshal Georgii
German surrender (1945), 586
Hitler’s first attacks (1941), 21
Leningrad (1941), 45
Moscow counter-offensive (1941), 81
race for Berlin, 565-6
on Roosevelt’s intentions, 354
Stalingrad (operation‘Uranus’), 164,168,
170,173,176,178
summer offensive (1943), 277
summer offensive (1944), 409
Vistula-Oder offensive, 535
Warsaw (1944), 453
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Stalin, Josif Vissarionovič 1878-1953 Roosevelt, Theodore 1887-1944 Churchill, Winston 1874-1965 |
| author2 | Reynolds, David 1952- Pečatnov, Vladimir Olegovič 1947- |
| author2_role | edt edt |
| author2_variant | d r dr v o p vo vop |
| author_GND | (DE-588)118642499 (DE-588)124692907 (DE-588)118520776 (DE-588)133914259 (DE-588)1055699309 |
| author_facet | Stalin, Josif Vissarionovič 1878-1953 Roosevelt, Theodore 1887-1944 Churchill, Winston 1874-1965 Reynolds, David 1952- Pečatnov, Vladimir Olegovič 1947- |
| author_role | aut aut aut |
| author_sort | Stalin, Josif Vissarionovič 1878-1953 |
| author_variant | j v s jv jvs t r tr w c wc |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV044896696 |
| classification_rvk | NQ 2550 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1057789377 (DE-599)BVBBV044896696 |
| dewey-full | 940.5322 |
| dewey-hundreds | 900 - History & geography |
| dewey-ones | 940 - History of Europe |
| dewey-raw | 940.5322 |
| dewey-search | 940.5322 |
| dewey-sort | 3940.5322 |
| dewey-tens | 940 - History of Europe |
| discipline | Geschichte |
| era | Geschichte 1941-1945 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1941-1945 |
| format | Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4146609-3 Briefsammlung gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Briefsammlung |
| id | DE-604.BV044896696 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-20T18:13:37Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780300226829 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-030290573 |
| oclc_num | 1057789377 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-11 DE-29 DE-521 DE-12 DE-20 DE-824 DE-188 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| owner_facet | DE-11 DE-29 DE-521 DE-12 DE-20 DE-824 DE-188 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| physical | xvii, 660 Seiten, 12 ungezählte Seiten Bildtafeln Illustrationen, Karten |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20190710 |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publishDateSearch | 2018 |
| publishDateSort | 2018 |
| publisher | Yale University Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spellingShingle | Stalin, Josif Vissarionovič 1878-1953 Roosevelt, Theodore 1887-1944 Churchill, Winston 1874-1965 The Kremlin letters Stalin's wartime correspondence with Churchill and Roosevelt Stalin, Josif Vissarionovič 1878-1953 (DE-588)118642499 gnd Churchill, Winston 1871-1947 (DE-588)119261073 gnd Roosevelt, Franklin D. 1882-1945 (DE-588)118602551 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)118642499 (DE-588)119261073 (DE-588)118602551 (DE-588)4146609-3 |
| title | The Kremlin letters Stalin's wartime correspondence with Churchill and Roosevelt |
| title_auth | The Kremlin letters Stalin's wartime correspondence with Churchill and Roosevelt |
| title_exact_search | The Kremlin letters Stalin's wartime correspondence with Churchill and Roosevelt |
| title_full | The Kremlin letters Stalin's wartime correspondence with Churchill and Roosevelt edited by David Reynolds and Vladimir Pechatnov ; with the assistance of Iskander Magadeyev and Olga Kucherenko |
| title_fullStr | The Kremlin letters Stalin's wartime correspondence with Churchill and Roosevelt edited by David Reynolds and Vladimir Pechatnov ; with the assistance of Iskander Magadeyev and Olga Kucherenko |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Kremlin letters Stalin's wartime correspondence with Churchill and Roosevelt edited by David Reynolds and Vladimir Pechatnov ; with the assistance of Iskander Magadeyev and Olga Kucherenko |
| title_short | The Kremlin letters |
| title_sort | the kremlin letters stalin s wartime correspondence with churchill and roosevelt |
| title_sub | Stalin's wartime correspondence with Churchill and Roosevelt |
| topic | Stalin, Josif Vissarionovič 1878-1953 (DE-588)118642499 gnd Churchill, Winston 1871-1947 (DE-588)119261073 gnd Roosevelt, Franklin D. 1882-1945 (DE-588)118602551 gnd |
| topic_facet | Stalin, Josif Vissarionovič 1878-1953 Churchill, Winston 1871-1947 Roosevelt, Franklin D. 1882-1945 Briefsammlung |
| url | https://www.recensio.net/r/d7048bfa292c45b7945b54249241aff3 http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030290573&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030290573&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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