Polityka wschodnia Bolesława Chrobrego (992 - 1025):
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| Format: | Hochschulschrift/Dissertation Buch |
| Sprache: | Polnisch |
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Wrocław
Wydawnictwo Chronicon
2014
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| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028109364&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028109364&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Beschreibung: | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: The Eastern policy of Bolesław Chrobry 992 - 1025 Bibliogr. S. [439]-511. Indeksy |
| Umfang: | 524 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. 24 cm |
| ISBN: | 9788393817269 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | The Eastern Policy of Bolesław Chrobry
992-1025
SUMMARY
The author presents Bolesław I Ghrobry’s Eastern policy in a broad
backgroundwide view, while not restricting his inquiry only just to the
question of Polish-Ruthenian relations. What is Aalso addressed are Prus-
sian, Jatvingian, Pechenegian, Byzantine, Swedish, as well as some other
aspects of Chrobry’s foreign policy allowing a better understanding of his
activity both in the East and towards the East.
In the introduction, the author formulates a method of working with
primary sources. He punctuates stresses that what served him as a point
of departure to a detailed study was the adfontes principle - understood as
the re-examination of sources in their original languages and providing
his own, new, translations of relevant passages. What is also important for
the author is the primacy of sources originating from the examined peri-
od over later sources whose information on the 10lh-l llh centuries may by
no means be considered equal to the knowledge of authors of the period.
The monograph consists of six pParts, each divided into chapters, and
supplemented by five Excurses. Excurses. The Conclusions section contains
the most significant findings and postulates suggestions for further study.
Part I of the book discusses the Eastern policy of Bolesław Chrobry in
the years 992-1015. The author examines whether Jan Tyszkiewicz was
right when stating that “in the long period of 983-1013 complete peace
reigned between the Piasts and the Rurikids”. An analysis is provided of
the record of the year 992 in the Annals of Hildesheim (minor), mention-
518
POLITYKA WSCHODNIA BOLESŁAWA CHROBREGO (992-1025)
ing the “great war against the Ruthenians”, which threatened Bolesław.
Also the question of Włodzimierz I Świętosławic’s Croatian war is dis-
cussed together with its alleged Polish aspect and a re-examination is pro-
vided of existing hypotheses raised in connection with the areas settled
by the Croats, who were attacked by Włodzimierz, including the alleged
“Przemyśl chapter in the history” of this nation. Chapter 1.4 presents
the circumstances of the first famous Polish-Ruthenian dynastic mar-
riage between Boleslaw’s daughter and Świętopełk I, and Chrobry’s first
expedition to Ruthenia in 1013. Chapter 1.5 provides a discussion of rea-
sons for an event we learn from the Chronicle of Thietmar: Świętopełk^,
his wife’s and Bishop Reinbern’s imprisonment by Włodzimierz. Chap-
ter 1.6 contains the author’s considerations on the subject of Reinbern’s
Bishop of Kołobrzegi stay in Ruthenia. The first part of the monograph
is concluded with Excursus 1, where the author attempts to answer the
following question: Did the Diocese of Kołobrzeg collapse in 1005? In
conclusions it is stated, i.e., that it is impossible to equivocally determine
the root of the situation involving Chrobry being threatened by the war
with Ruthenia in 992. It is possible that this was simply a scribal error,
and that it was the war with Prussia that posed the actual threat. Also
the location of settlements of Croats, against whom according to PVL
(. Povestivremennych let) Włodzimierz I campaigned in 992/3, is unrealin-
correct, and therefore linking this event with Polish-Ruthenian relations
has de facto no source basis whatsoever. The only thing that is certain
to have happened in the examined period between 992 and 1015 is the
conclusion of a Polish-Ruthenian dynastic marriage. We do not know,
however, the exact circumstancesof the act. The author’s hypothesis that
this took place in aboutca. 1006 in connection with Bolesław Chrobry’s
preparations to the subsequent stage of his war with Henryk II is only one
of many possible reconstructions of events. It is not known what exactly
brought about the imprisonment of Świętopełk, his wife and Bishop Rein-
bern by Włodzimierz. What is however certain is that Reinbern did not
lead an anti-Orthodox Catholic mission in Ruthenia.
The main figure of Part II is Bishop Bruno of Querfurt, for considera-
tionsand reflections are made on the subject of his participation in Eastern
policy of Bolesław Chrobry. The author performs a new reading of sources
on Bishop’s mission among the Pechenegs and on the last mission ( Let-
ter to King Henryk II, Thietmar’s Chronicle, Ademar of Chabennes’ Chroni-
cle, Wipert’s account of the life of St. Romuald), and he contemplates
Summary
519
considers whether this missionary activity of Bruno was part of Bolesław
Chrobry’s Eastern policy. The author also takes up the issue ofjatvingians
in the contemporary Polish-Ruthenian relations with special attention to,
most notably, the need to discuss the newest findings of Alaksej S. Kibin
onjatvingians and the issue of Bruno and his companions’ place of burial.
The author claims postulates that this place may have been located some-
where in the broadly defined Polish-Ruthenian borderland, but rather
closer to the site of martyrdom. Chapter II.2 contains a more detailed
examination of the mission sent by Bruno to the so-called and it
is stated that this question may shed some more light on Chrobry’s Eastern
policy. At the close of this Part of the monograph a Polish translation is
provided of the passage on Bruno’s martyrdom from The and Passion
St. Bruno the Bishop and Martyr of Querfurt. In conclusions we read a statement
that only one out of three analysed missions of the Bishop of Querfurt
which were investigated may be — though cautiously - regarded as part
of Chrobry’s Eastern policy with a reservation that no sources exist that
would allow for supporting the commonly accepted view that the mission
was supported and performed under the patronage of Bolesław Chrobry.
In the case of the mission to the land of the Pechenegs, according to the
author, it was Włodzimierz I who became its patron — however, due to
insufficient source evidence it is impossible to speak about Polish aspects
of Bruno’s steppe mission. The mMission to the land of Suigiowie (that is
the Swedes) was most probably sent from Poland ca. 1006, and perhaps it
needs to be associated with Bolesław Chrobry’scontemporary search for
allies against Henry II. However, it is not entirely out of the question that
the mission set off to Sweden from Kiev. Examinations undertaken in the
first two parts of the book has have also led the author to the conclusion
that Świętopełk I could have played an active role in the Baltic policy of
both Ruthenia and Poland.
Part III discusses the Eastern policy of Bolesław in the years 1015-
1018, focusing on the genesis and direct reasons for Chrobry’s expedi-
tion to Kiev. What is discussed here is the issue of the actual time of
Świętopełk Ps escape to his father-in-law, and Excursus 2 presents the
complexity of the issue of succession to the Kiev throne after Włodzimierz
I Świętosławie. The question of events that took place in Ruthenia follow-
ing his death (in 1015) is inseparably connected with Chrobry’s Eastern
policy, and this issue has not yet been reflected insubject of a separate,
new Polish publication. In Chapter III.2 a detailed examination of events
520 POLITYKA WSCHODNIA BOLESŁAWA CHROBREGO (992-1025)
of the year 1017 is provided and a review is made of their reconstruction
by thea Russian historian, Aleksandr V. Nazarenko. In the conclusions it
is stated that dating Świętopełk^ arrival in Poland to the close end of 1016
is only one of many possible reconstructions interpretations of events.
At the outset beginning of 1017 an anti-Polish ally was founded, yet it is
not certain which of the sides was responsible for initiating the talks. As
a result, prior to the 1st of October 1017, Jarosław Mądry had invaded
and besieged a Polish borderland fortress, but his attempt to conquer it
ended in failure. It may be hypothetically assumed that the raid, men-
tioned by Bishop Thietmar, was in fact Jaroslaw’s military expedition to
the fortress of Brześć by the river Bug, mentioned in Ruthenian sources.
According to the author it is possible that Aleksandr V. Nazarenko was
right when claiming that the close end of 1017 saw an otherwise unknown
from elsewhere expedition of Bolesław Chrobry to Ruthenia, mentioned
by Thietmar in Chapter VII, 65 of his Chronicle. The circumstances
and course of this expedition are not clear, and therefore they need to be
discussed in more detail, and so needs the answer toposes the question:
as to” what happened next?” provided suchif this expedition really did
taketook place.
Extensive Part IV, comprising ten chapters and two excurses, is entirely
devoted to Chrobry’s Kiev campaign. It opens with thea fundamental
question of: what had actually happened in 1018 in Ruthenia and which
of the findings are only the inventions and speculations of historians?
Also, an assumption is made that new conclusions may be arrived at
based on a chronological analysis of sources. That is why the expedition
was first presented in the light of Thietmar’s Chronicle, and only later
based on Old-Ruthenian medieval chronicles (latopisy) and the works of
Anonymous Gaul. Among other things, the author discusses the issue of
Chrobry’s Poland relations with Byzantium, the diplomatic mission sent
by Bolesław to Byzantine Emperor Bazyli II Bułgarobójca, and in Excur-
sus 4 the alleged participation of Poles in battles with Arabs for Sicily in
1024/5. A separate Excursus 3 is devoted to the figure of Abbot Tuni,
one of the most trusted envoys of Bolesław, who participated in the Kiev
expedition. An analysis of Ruthenian sources allowed for an examination
of such issues as as the Polish experiences of Anastazy Dziesięcinny, the
so-called Grody Czerwieńskie and the role of the fortress in Przemyśl by the
river San in Bolesław Chrobry’s realm. The first of these issues required
discussion of the basis of the so-called Bolz-Labuda hypothesis and the
Summary
521
presentation of the current state of research on movable historical objects
artefacts from the area of Ostrów Lednicki, considered as originating
from the East. The author’s intention was to perform the analysis of the
so-called Grody Czerwieńskie disregarding the views of scholars which had-
having little in common with the actual knowledge communicated on the
subject by the written sources. A chapter devoted to early medieval history
of the fortress in Przemyśl by the river San takes up, among others, the
issue, among others, of the circumstances which accompanied the founda-
tion of a building, that is a palas with a rotunda, on the Przemyśl Castle
Hill, and attention is brought to the consequences of the latest hypoth-
esis of Marek Florek, made in connection with his recent re-dating of
the (Old-)Hungarian) Hungarian burial ground, located in Przemyśl, in
Zasanie district. It is also mentioned that a new specialist study is required
of a famous Hebrew responsum written by Jehuda ben Meir ha-Kohen,
which allegedly concerns Poland and Przemyśl. Next, a new translation
and analysis is provided of selected relevant passages of Cronica et gęsta
ducum sive principum Polonorum, written by Anonymous Gaul [chapters 1.7
and 1.10]. It is examined with reference to this fact which pieces of infor-
mation provided by the anonymous author find their confirmation in Thi-
etmar’s Chronicle and in Ruthenian sources. Separate chapters contain
the discussion of issues such as: Boleslaw’s act of hitting the Golden Gate
of Kiev with his sword, the legend of Chrobry’s Szczerbiec and Bolestaw’s
relationship with Ruthenian princess Przedslawa. A separate numismatic
chapter — IV. 10 — is devoted to Bolesław Chrobry’s Cyrrilic coins.
In the conclusions the author states for instance that Bolesław had sent
the envoys to Bazyli II as a ruler of Poland, and that the act had led to the
imprisonment of his son-in-law, Świętopełk I, in Kiev. Becoming its pro-
tector, he was at the same time entering territories which lay within the
circle sphere of influence of the ruler of Constantinople. At the same time
it is impossible that Bolesław had become the ruler of Ruthenia, because
Thietmar is completely silent about this fact. Thietmar’s records do not
permit any reliable statements as to whether 1018 marked the beginning
of Polish-Byzantine relations. In the course of the analysis of passages
from Thietmar’s Chronicle it is also concluded that the status of German
and Hungarian armies which took part in Chrobry’s Kiev campaign was
unclear, and consequently, so was the degree of Henryk II’s engagement
in the event. Excursus 2 demonstrates that it is impossible to point topin-
point the site of Tuni’s abbey, though it is possible that he was abbot in
522
POLITYKA WSCHODNIA BOLESŁAWA CHROBREGO (992-1025)
the abbey situated in a former location of an isolated monastery of the
so-called Five Brothers. However, we are most probably unfamiliar with
its location. In Excursus 3 the author comes to a the conclusion that it is
impossible to exclude the possibility that Chrobry’s units fought in Sicily
in 1024/5, but that there are good reasons for the disputable Guandalowie
to be considered as inhabitants of the Balkan Peninsula. Having analysed
the contents of Pověsti vremennych let, the author found that it is impossible
to specifically determine which of its parts are a result only of Old-Ruthe-
nian authors’ creative invention and which are not. However, it is pos-
sible that the act of extermination of Polish units in Ruthenian fortresses
did not in fact take place in 1018. It is more probable that this dates tois
rather 1068/9. According to the author what is also worth consideration
should also be given tois the view that Bolesław Chrobry took numerous
prisoners not in Kiev but during the battle of the river Bug. In latter parts
of the monograph it is established that nothing certain may be said about
the Polish (including Lednica) aspects of Anastazy Korsunianin’s activity.
However, according to the author, it is absolutely impossible to rule out
the fact that a trace proving that Polish-Byzantine relations were indeed
established during Bolesław Chrobry’s reign is a reliquiary (stauroteka led-
nicka). Deliberations on the issue of Grody czerwieńskie have led the author to
a conclusionconclude that such a geographic-political creation may have
never really existed and is simply a result of an error of an Old-Ruthenian
scribe. Quite different is the case with the fortress of Czerwień, yet also
in this case we are limited to conjectures and hypotheses. According to
the author it is possible that the tribal fortress of Czerwień had been
destroyed in 1031/2 by Jarosław Mądry, and that its reconstruction took
place in the second half of 11th century, possibly in a location slightly
different locationthan the former one. Today, what seems to be the most
credible location of “the other” fortress of Czerwień is the strongly associ-
ated with it village of Czermno by the Huczwa river. On analysing issues
connected with the role of the Przemyśl fortress by the river San, at the
outset of the 11th century, the author states that available sources do not
allow upholdingthesupport the hypotheses of Andrzej Zaki and Gerard
Labuda, who claim that Bolesław Chrobry regained Przemyśl in 1018
and Mieszko II lost it in 1031. What is more, it is actually even possible
that Przemyśl from the turn of the 11th century, whose remains have been
discovered by archaeologists, was not the subject of Polish-Ruthenian
relations in the discussed period. Was it the subject of Chrobry’s policy
Summary
523
towards Hungary? This issue requires further discussion. An analysis of
passages taken from the work of Anonymous Gaul has shown that a con-
clusion seems justified that the document contains details which reflect
the actual course of events of 1018. Anonymous, however, added some-
thing from his own works or rather from his sources, by presenting the
picture of two heroes: the good one Bolesław Chrobry and the evil
one — the king of Ruthenians. However, the action of inventing by Gaul of
inventing two battles of the river Bug was also purposefulmeaningful. In
line with the narrative strategy followed by Anonymous Gaul are, accord-
ing to the author, all details connected with Chrobry’s reign in Kiev. We
may not, however, state with full certainty, whether Bolesław really hit
the gate of Kiev with his sword, or perhaps this is rather an “unhistorical
fact”. Nonetheless, the legend of Chrobry’s coronation sword (Szczerbiec)
seems to appear exclusively only in the so-called late sources. And also
of “late” origin is the existing Szczerbiec, dated to the 13/ 14th century.
Contrary to common belief, not much credible information have has been
gathered on what took place in Kiev in 1018 between Bolesław Chrobry
and one of the sisters of Jarosław Mądry. The author’s examination of this
issue, presented in chapter IV.9, has shown that there is no certainty even
as to the name of Boleslaw’s Ruthenian beloved, or whether or not she vis-
ited Polandor not. Bolesław Chrobry’s Cyrrilic coins, discussed in chapter
IV. 10, still seem to be a riddle allowing one only to make hypotheses.
However, what is certain, according to the author, is that at the moment
we may reject the idea that they have been minted in Kiev. A basis for
such a conclusion is the fact that no such findings were discovered both
in Ruthenia and broadly-defined Polish-Ruthenian borderland.
Part V of the book discusses the Eastern policy of Bolesław Chrobry in
the years 1018-1025. It presents the author’s deliberations on the subject of
the alleged Świętopełk I’s “Polish episode” following 1018/9 and history
of the fortress of Brześć by the river Bug, in the years 992-1025. A sepa-
rate chapter — V.3 — is devoted to relations between Poland, Ruthenia and
Scandinavia in the years 1018-1025 in the context of the hypothesis of
Aleksandr V. Nazarenka regarding the formation of a Ruthenian- Swed-
ish-Danish coalition against Poland. In the conclusions the author states
that the assumption of the hypothesis that Thietmar, having mentioned
Jarosław Mądry’s expedition to the Polish borderland fortress, was actu-
ally thinking about Mądry’s expedition to Brześć by the river Bug, found
under the entry in Pierwszy latopis nowogrodzki regarding 1017/8, leadings
524
POLITYKA WSCHODNIA BOLESŁAWA CHROBREGO (992-1025)
to a conclusion that at the time the fortress remained in Polish hands. We
do not know, however, what actually happened with Świętopełk follow-
ing 1019 when he was forced to flee from Kiev, as we may must base our
knowledge only on hagiographie records. Jaroslaw’s expedition to Brześć
by the river Bug in 1022/3 seems to prove that this fortress was at the
time in his hands. We do not know, however, whether this mission was
undertaken against the Polish garrison stationed at the fortress or against
Świętopełk, who was staying there from 1019. At the same time, delib-
erations presented in chapter V.3, are, in the author’s view, a good point
of departure to a comprehensive study of foreign policy in the Baltic Sea
basin at the outset of the 11th century, which still requires a critical study.
Part VI, entitled “Polska a Pieczyngowie” (English: Poland and the
Pechenegs), is a review of the current state of knowledge on the relation-
ship between Chrobry’s Poland and the nomadic Pechenegs. It discuss-
es the issue of participation of this nomadic tribe in Bolestaw’s Eastern
policy with particular focus on the nature of the Pechenegs’ coopera-
tion with the Polish ruler, as well as the so-called Pechenegs’ forest and
Polish-Pechenegian border. Other discussed issues discussed include the
examination of toponomastic traces, considered as being of Pechengian
descent, and presentation of archaeologists’ findings on the Pechenegs’
migration to the Polish territory and their possible settlement there.
These considerations are extended by Excursus 5: “Skąd Anonim Gall
wiedział o Pieczyngach?” (English: How did Anonymous Gaul know
about the Pechenegs?) where a detailed analysis of relevant passages of
Gaul’s work is provided. It is highlighted at the same time that the anal-
ysis of the forms Anonymous used to write down the words ‘Pieczyn-
gowie’ (the Pechenegs) and ‘Połowcy’ (the Cumans) may yield additional
knowledge on the issue of Gaul’s actual origin. A crucial conclusion the
author arrives at in this part of the study seems to be the concept that
the Pechenegs could not have been Chrobry’s allies - neither in 1013 nor
in 1018. However, everything depends on the interpretation of sources.
When it comes to the names of localities of Lesser Poland which are con-
nected with the Pechenegs, the author claims that they rather prove that
some groups of Pechenegs had settled in these territories while migrating
to the West.
Translated by Katarzyna Hussar
Language proofreading by David Harrold
^ Bayerische
Staatsbibliothek
München
Spis treści
Wstęp....................................................... 7
CZĘŚĆ I. POLITYKA WSCHODNIA BOLESŁAWA
CHROBREGO W LATACH 992-1015................................... 13
LI. Wielka wojna przeciw Rusom............................. 13
1.2. Wyprawa Włodzimierza na Chorwatów..................... 17
1.3. Sąsiedzkie przyjaźnie Włodzimierza................. 32
1.4. Pierwsze znane polsko-ruskie małżeństwo dynastyczne... 34
1.5. Uwięzienie Świętopełka, jego żony i biskupa Reinberna. 45
1.5.1. Borys władcą Wołynia?............................ 48
1.6. Ruska misja biskupa kołobrzeskiego Reinberna....... 50
Ekskurs 1. Czy diecezja kołobrzeska upadła w 1005 r.?...... 54
Część I. Wnioski końcowe................................ 58
CZĘŚĆ II. BRUNO Z KWERFURTU A POLITYKA WSCHODNIA
BOLESŁAWA CHROBREGO...................................... 61
11.1. Misja u Pieczyngów............................... 61
11.2. Misja do Suigiów..................................... 86
11.3. Ostatnia misja Brunona............................... 116
Dodatek................................................ 154
Część II. Wnioski końcowe.............................. 157
CZĘŚĆ III. KU WYPRAWIE KIJOWSKIEJ: POLITYKA
WSCHODNIA CHROBREGO W LATACH 1015-1018.................... 159
/
111.1. Kiedy Świętopełk I uciekł do teścia?............ 159
Ekskurs 2. Borys następcą Włodzimierza I?.............. 167
111.2. Wydarzenia roku 1017............................ 170
Część III. Wnioski końcowe............................. 184
CZĘSC IV. WYPRAWA KIJOWSKA W R. 1018.............................. 187
IV.1. Wyprawa kijowska r. 1018 w świetle Kroniki Thietmara..... 187
IV.1.2. Zagraniczni sprzymierzeńcy Bolesława: „nasi”........... 198
IV.1.3. Czy Henryk II zainspirował wyprawę kijowską r. 1018?... 201
IV. 1.4. Eryk Pyszny........................................... 206
IV. 1.5. Węgierscy sprzymierzeńcy Bolesława.................... 208
IV 1.6. Poselstwo do Grecji.................................... 211
IV. 1.7. Stosunki Polski Chrobrego z Cesarstwem Bizantyjskim... 220
IV. 1.8. Zjazd gnieźnieński a wyprawa kijowska r. 1018......... 226
Ekskurs 3. Opat Tuni........................................... 231
Ekskurs 4. Udział Polaków w walkach z Arabami o Sycylię
w 1024/5 r................................................. 234
IV.2. Wyprawa kijowska r. 1018 w świetle Povesti vremennyh let. 240
IV. 3. Anastazy „Dziesięcinny” i jego polskie losy............. 259
IV.4. Gród Czerwień i Grody czerwieńskie....................... 267
IV. 5. Przemyśl w państwie Bolesława Chrobrego................. 285
IV.5.1. Senior Prokuj stróżem Przemyśla?....................... 295
IV.6. Wyprawa kijowska r. 1018 według Anonima zwanego Gallem. . 302
IV.7. Uderzenie mieczem w kijowską Złotą Bramę................. 330
IV.8. Legenda Szczerbca Chrobrego............................... 341
IV.9. Bolesław i Przedsława w świetle przekazów źródłowych..... 347
IV. 10. Monety cyryliczne Bolesława............................ 352
Część IV. Wnioski końcowe....................................... 368
CZĘŚĆ V. POLITYKA WSCHODNIA BOLESŁAWA
CHROBREGO W LATACH 1018-1025 .......................... 371
VI. „Polskie” losy Świętopełka I po 1018/9 r........ 371
V.2. Brześć nad Bugiem w latach 992-1025 ........... 375
V.3. Polska - Ruś - Skandynawia w latach 1018-25 ... 380
CZĘŚĆ VI. POLSKA A PIECZYNGOWIE......................... 383
VI. 1. Pieczyngowie a polityka wschodnia Chrobrego... 383
VI.2. Pieczyngowie na ziemiach polskich.............. 393
Zakończenie........................................................ 411
Indeks nazw osobowych........................................... 417
Indeks nazw geograficznych, etnicznych i miejscowych................ 431
Bibliografia........................................................ 439
Skróty.............................................................. 512
Wykaz ilustracji.................................................... 513
Wykaz map........................................................... 515
The Eastern Policy of Bolesław Chrobry 992-1025. Summary............ 517
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Kollinger, Karol 1983- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)107359307X |
| author_facet | Kollinger, Karol 1983- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Kollinger, Karol 1983- |
| author_variant | k k kk |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV042677455 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)913607372 (DE-599)BVBBV042677455 |
| era | Geschichte 992-1025 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 992-1025 |
| format | Thesis Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Hochschulschrift |
| geographic | Polska / 992-1025 (Bolesław I Chrobry) jhpk Polska / stosunki / Ruś Kijowska jhpk Ruś Kijowska / stosunki / Polska jhpk Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 gnd Kiewer Reich (DE-588)4073393-2 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Polska / 992-1025 (Bolesław I Chrobry) Polska / stosunki / Ruś Kijowska Ruś Kijowska / stosunki / Polska Polen Kiewer Reich |
| id | DE-604.BV042677455 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-20T17:17:13Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9788393817269 |
| language | Polish |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-028109364 |
| oclc_num | 913607372 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-B220 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-B220 |
| physical | 524 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. 24 cm |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publishDateSearch | 2014 |
| publishDateSort | 2014 |
| publisher | Wydawnictwo Chronicon |
| record_format | marc |
| spellingShingle | Kollinger, Karol 1983- Polityka wschodnia Bolesława Chrobrego (992 - 1025) Bolesław / I Chrobry / (król Polski / ca 967-1025) / rozprawy akademickie jhpk Bolesław I. Polen, König 967-1025 (DE-588)118661183 gnd Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)118661183 (DE-588)4046514-7 (DE-588)4046496-9 (DE-588)4073393-2 (DE-588)4113937-9 |
| title | Polityka wschodnia Bolesława Chrobrego (992 - 1025) |
| title_auth | Polityka wschodnia Bolesława Chrobrego (992 - 1025) |
| title_exact_search | Polityka wschodnia Bolesława Chrobrego (992 - 1025) |
| title_full | Polityka wschodnia Bolesława Chrobrego (992 - 1025) Karol Kollinger |
| title_fullStr | Polityka wschodnia Bolesława Chrobrego (992 - 1025) Karol Kollinger |
| title_full_unstemmed | Polityka wschodnia Bolesława Chrobrego (992 - 1025) Karol Kollinger |
| title_short | Polityka wschodnia Bolesława Chrobrego (992 - 1025) |
| title_sort | polityka wschodnia boleslawa chrobrego 992 1025 |
| topic | Bolesław / I Chrobry / (król Polski / ca 967-1025) / rozprawy akademickie jhpk Bolesław I. Polen, König 967-1025 (DE-588)118661183 gnd Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Bolesław / I Chrobry / (król Polski / ca 967-1025) / rozprawy akademickie Bolesław I. Polen, König 967-1025 Politik Polska / 992-1025 (Bolesław I Chrobry) Polska / stosunki / Ruś Kijowska Ruś Kijowska / stosunki / Polska Polen Kiewer Reich Hochschulschrift |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028109364&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028109364&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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