Elements in fruits and vegetables from areas of commercial production in the conterminous United States: a biogeochemical study of selected food plants based on field sampling of plant material and soil
Gespeichert in:
| Beteilige Person: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Washington, DC
U.S. Government Print. Office
1980
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Geological Survey professional paper
1178 |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027391937&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Umfang: | VI, 149 S. Kt. |
Internformat
MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Shacklette, Hansford T. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Elements in fruits and vegetables from areas of commercial production in the conterminous United States |b a biogeochemical study of selected food plants based on field sampling of plant material and soil |c by Hansford T. Shacklette |
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| 490 | 1 | |a Geological Survey professional paper |v 1178 | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Elements in Fruits and Vegetables from
Areas of Commercial Production in the
Conterminous United States
By HANSFORD T SHACKLETTE J „ , j „ ^ ; ^
GEOLOGICALSURVEYPROFESSIONALPAPER1178
A biogeochemical study of selected food plants based on
field sampling of plant material and soil
UNITEDSTATESGOVERNMENTPRINTINGOFFICE,WASHINGTON:1980
T? A
CONTENTS
Page
Abstract 1
Introduction 1
Sampling localities — 4
Berrien County, Michigan 5
Wayne County, New York 5
Cumberland County, New Jersey 5
Palm Beach County, Florida 5
Hidalgo County, Texas — - 6
Imperial County, California 7
Yuma County, Arizona 7
Twin Falls County, Idaho 7
Yakima County, Washington 8
San Joaquin County, California 8
Mesa County, Colorado 8
Methods of sampling plants and soils 9
Sampling design 9
Sampling techniques 10
Species of plants sampled 10
Fruits — 10
Vegetables 11
Collection and preparation of samples — 11
Fruits 12-
Vegetables 12
Soils 12
Analytical methods used 13
Plants— 13
Soils 13
Statistical procedures used in evaluating data 13
Results 17
Concentrations of elements in fruits and vegetables 17
Bases for reporting concentrations of elements 17
Page
Results—Continued
Concentrations of elements in fruits and
vegetables—Continued
Mean concentrations in samples 19
Compositional variation among areas, among fields
within areas, and within fields 19
Analysis of variance 19
Significant differences in mean element concentra
tions among areas of commercial production 20
Concentrations of elements and pH of soils that sup
ported the fruits and vegetables 20
Compositional variation among areas and among
fields within areas 20
Analysis of variance 20
Significant differences in mean element concen
tration and pH among areas of commercial
production 21
Discussion of results 21
Trends in element concentrations in fruits and vege
tables 21
Among kinds of produce 21
Fruits 21
Vegetables 22
Among areas of commercial production 23
Trends in element concentrations in soils supporting
fruits and vegetables 24
Among kinds of produce 24
Among areas of commercial production 24
Relationships of the element concentrations in fruits and
vegetables and the concentrations in soils 25
Summary 27
Conclusions 28
References cited 28
1LLU STRATION
Page
FIGURE 1 Map showing locations of counties where fruits and vegetables were
sampled — - 6
TABLES
Page
TABLE 1 Summary of methods used for analysis of plants and plant ashes and ap
proximate lower limits of determination -?- 14
2 Summary of methods used for analysis of soils and approximate lower
limits of determination ;- 15
3 Components of variance in composition between samples from within a
sampling site and between analyses of the same sample 17
ill
IV CONTENTS
TABLES 4-20 Elements in ash or dried material, percent ash yield of dried material, PAE*
and percent dried material yield of fresh fruits and vegetables
from areas of commercial production:
4 American grapes 33
5 Apples 34
6 European grapes 35
7 Grapefruit 36
8 Oranges 38
9 Peaches 40
10 Pears 42
11 Plums 44
12 Cabbage 46
15 Dry beans 50
16 Lettuce 52
17 Potatoes 54
18 Snap beans ; 56
19 Sweet corn 58
20 Tomatoes 60
21-37 Summary statistics of element concentrations expressed on fresh-, dry-,
and ash-weight bases, ash yield of dry material, and dry-material
yield of fresh material for each kind of fruit and vegetable col
lected in more than one area:
21 American grapes 62
23 European grapes 64
24 Grapefruit 65
25 Oranges 66
26 Peaches 67
27 Pears 68
28 Plums 69
29 Cabbage 70
30 Carrots 71
31 Cucumbers 72
32 Dry beans 73
33 Lettuce 74
34 Potatoes 75
35 Snap beans 76
36 Sweet corn 77
37 Tomatoes 78
38-45 Summary statistics of element concentrations expressed on fresh-, dry-,
and ash-weight bases, ash yield of dry material, and dry-material
yield of fresh material for each kind of fruit and vegetable col
lected in only one area:
38 Asparagus 79
39 Cantaloupes 80
40 Chinese cabbage 81
41 Eggplant 82
42 Endive 83
43 Onions 84
44 Parsley 85
45 Peppers 86
46-62 Estimates of logarithmic variance for fruits and vegetables from areas
of commercial production in the conterminous United States:
46 American grapes 87
48 European grapes 87
49 Grapefruit 87
50 Oranges 88
51 Peaches 88
52 Pears i 88
CONTENTS V
TABLES 46-62 Estimates of logarithmic variance for fruits and vegetables—Continued Page
53 Plums 88
54 Cabbage — 89
55 Carrots — 89
56 Cucumbers 89
57 Dry beans 89
58 Lettuce 90
59 Potatoes — 90
60 Snap beans 90
61 Sweet corn 90
62 Tomatoes 91
63 Areas having significantly different concentrations of elements in fruits
and vegetables 92
64-80 Element concentrations and pH of soils that supported fruit trees and
vines and vegetable plants in areas of commercial production:
64 American-grape-vine soils 95
65 Apple-tree soils 96
66 European-grape-vine soils : 97
67 Grapefruit-tree soils 98
68 Orange-tree soils 100
69 Peach-tree soils 102
70 Pear-tree soils ; 104
71 Plum-tree soils 106
72 Cabbage-plant soils 108
73 Carrot-plant soils 109
74 Cucumber-plant soils 110
75 Dry bean-plant soils 111
76 Lettuce-plarit soils 112
77 Potato-plant soils 114
78 Snap-bean-plant soils : 116
79 Sweet-corn-plant soils 118
80 Tomato-plant soils ; 120
81-97 Summary statistics of element concentrations and pH of soils that sup
ported fruit trees and vines and vegetable plants in two or more
areas:
81 American-grape-vine soils 122
82 Apple-tree-soils 122
83 European-grape-vine soils 123
84 Grapefruit-tree soils 123
85 Orange-tree soils 124
86 Peach-tree soils 124
87 Pear-tree soils 125
88 Plum-tree soils 125
89 Cabbage-plant soils 126
90 Carrot-plant soils 126
91 Cucumber-plant soils 127
92 Dry-bean-plant soils 127
93 Lettuce-plant soils 128
94 Potato-plant soils 128
95 Snap-bean-plant soils 129
96 Sweet-corn-plant soils 129
97 Tomato-plant soils — 130
98-99 Summary statistics of element concentrations and pH of soils that sup
ported vegetable plants from only one area of commercial pro
duction:
98 Asparagus-plant soils 130
99 Onion-plant soils 131
100-116 Estimates of logarithmic variance for soils that supported fruits and
vegetables from areas of commercial production in the
conterminous United States:
100 American-grape-vine soils 131
101 Apple-tree soils — 132
VI CONTENTS
TABLES 100-116 Estimates of logarithmic variance for soils—Continued Page
102 Kuropean-grape-vine soils 132
103 (irapefruit-tree soils 133
104 Orange-tree soils 133
105 1 each-tree soils 134
106 1 ear-tree soils 134
107 I lum-tree soils 135
108 Cabbage-plant soils 135
109 Carrot-plant soils 136
110 Cucumber-plant soils 136
111 1 )ry-bean-plant soils 137
112 1 ettuce-plant soils 137
113- I otato-plant soils 138
114 Snap-bean-plant soils 138
115 Sweet-corn-plant soils 139
116 Tomato-plant soils 139
117 Areas having significantly different concentrations in soils 140
118 Mean concentrations and high-to-low ratios of elements and water in
fruits 146
119 Mean concentrations and high-to-low ratios of elements and water in
vegetables 147
120 Mean concentrations and high-to-low ratios of elements and pH of soils
that supported fruits 148
121 Mean concentrations and high-to-low ratios of elements and pH of soils
thai supported vegetables 149
|
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| indexdate | 2024-12-20T16:58:30Z |
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| language | English |
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| series2 | Geological Survey professional paper |
| spellingShingle | Shacklette, Hansford T. Elements in fruits and vegetables from areas of commercial production in the conterminous United States a biogeochemical study of selected food plants based on field sampling of plant material and soil |
| title | Elements in fruits and vegetables from areas of commercial production in the conterminous United States a biogeochemical study of selected food plants based on field sampling of plant material and soil |
| title_auth | Elements in fruits and vegetables from areas of commercial production in the conterminous United States a biogeochemical study of selected food plants based on field sampling of plant material and soil |
| title_exact_search | Elements in fruits and vegetables from areas of commercial production in the conterminous United States a biogeochemical study of selected food plants based on field sampling of plant material and soil |
| title_full | Elements in fruits and vegetables from areas of commercial production in the conterminous United States a biogeochemical study of selected food plants based on field sampling of plant material and soil by Hansford T. Shacklette |
| title_fullStr | Elements in fruits and vegetables from areas of commercial production in the conterminous United States a biogeochemical study of selected food plants based on field sampling of plant material and soil by Hansford T. Shacklette |
| title_full_unstemmed | Elements in fruits and vegetables from areas of commercial production in the conterminous United States a biogeochemical study of selected food plants based on field sampling of plant material and soil by Hansford T. Shacklette |
| title_short | Elements in fruits and vegetables from areas of commercial production in the conterminous United States |
| title_sort | elements in fruits and vegetables from areas of commercial production in the conterminous united states a biogeochemical study of selected food plants based on field sampling of plant material and soil |
| title_sub | a biogeochemical study of selected food plants based on field sampling of plant material and soil |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027391937&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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