Verfügbarkeit: Stanisław Patek w dyplomacji i polityce (1914 - 1939)

Stanisław Patek w dyplomacji i polityce (1914 - 1939):

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
Beteilige Person:	Gmurczyk-Wrońska, Małgorzata (VerfasserIn)
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	Polnisch
Veröffentlicht:	Warszawa Instytut Historii Polskiej Akademii Nauk 2013 Wydawnictwo Neriton
Ausgabe:	Wyd. 1.
Schlagwörter:	Patek, Stanisław / (1866-1944) Patek, Stanisław Jan > 1866-1944 Służba dyplomatyczna i konsularna polska / 1900-1945 Polska / stosunki zagraniczne / 1900-1945 Biografie > 1914-1939
Links:	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027060417&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027060417&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
Beschreibung:	Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: Stanisław Patek in diplomacy and politics (1914 - 1939) Bibliogr. s. 487-509. Indeks
Umfang:	528 s. il. 25 cm
ISBN:	9788375432718

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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text	Spis treści WSTĘP ............................................... 9 I. POCZĄTKI ....................................... 13 II. NA KONFERENCJI POKOJOWEJ W PARYŻU ............... 24 II. 1. Przedstawiciel Pilsudskiego w Komitecie Narodowym Polskim ....... 24 11.2. Stosunek mocarstw do Polski ........................... 32 11. 3. Dyplomata na forum międzynarodowym .................... 36 11. 3.1. Zabiegi o włączenie Galicji Wschodniej do Polski .......... 39 11. 3.2. Wobec polsko niemieckich stosunków gospodarczych ........ 47 11.3.3. W rokowaniach z Czechami ....................... 50 III. MINISTER SPRAW ZAGRANICZNYCH I KONFERENCJA W SPA 57 III. 1. Polska w stosunkach międzynarodowych .................... 59 III. 1.1. Polityka imperiów ............................ 62 III. 2. Na stanowisku ministra spraw zagranicznych .................. 70 111.2.1. Uwarunkowania polskiej polityki zagranicznej pod koniec 1919 r. 70 111. 2.2. Początki konfliktu polsko-bolszewickiego: walka i dyplomacja . . 72 111. 2.3. Okoliczności wyjazdu Stanisława Patka do Paryża i Londynu w końcu grudnia 1919 r .......................... 78 111. 2.4. Zabiegi dyplomatyczne Patka w Paryżu i Londynie - koniec grudnia 1919 r. - styczeń 1920 r ..................... 82 111. 2.5. W kierunku rokowań pokojowych z bolszewikami ......... 106 Ш.2.6. Wobec Ententy .............................. 115 111.2.7. W poszukiwaniu sojuszników. Konferencje warszawskie - rozmowy z Rumunią, Łotwą i Finlandią ................ 123 111. 2.8. W kierunku współpracy z Białorusinami, Ukrainą i Gruzją .... 132 111. 2.9. Podsumowanie działań i planów Stanisława Patka przed wymianą korespondencji dyplomatycznej z Gieorgijem Cziczerinem .... 135 111. 2.10. Stanisław Patek- Gieorgij Cziczerin .................. 138 111.2.11. Podróż do San Remo(ľ), Rzymu i Paryża ............... 152 111.2.12. Sprawa Śląska Cieszyńskiego, Spiszu i Orawy. Rokowania z Czechami. Koniec pełnienia obowiązków ministra spraw zagranicznych ............................... 159 6 Spis treści Ш.З. Udział w konferencji w Spa ............................ 169 Ш.4. Minister Patek w ocenach współczesnych .................... 180 Ш.5. Próba podsumowania ................................ 185 IV. POSEŁ W TOKIO ................................... 187 IV. 1. Stosunki polsko-japońskie ............................. 189 IV.2. Fascynacja Japonią ................................. 194 IV.3. Patek szefem placówki dyplomatycznej ..................... 196 IV.4. Obserwator polityki mocarstw na Dalekim Wschodzie ............ 198 IV.5. Próba nawiązania stosunków dyplomatycznych z Chinami i obserwacje dyplomatyczne .................................... 210 IV.6. Mocarstwa a koleje na Dalekim Wschodzie .................. 219 IV.7. Wśród Polaków i wobec problemów repatriacji Polaków z Syberii i Mandżurii ...................................... 221 V POSEŁ W MOSKWIE ................................. 231 V.l. Przed wyjazdem do Moskwy ............................ 231 V.2. Nowy poseł w Moskwie .............................. 236 V.2.I. Pierwsze wrażenia i spotkania ...................... 240 V.2.2 Patek w sowieckich dokumentach dyplomatycznych ......... 241 V.3. Stosunki polsko-sowieckie na tle sytuacji międzynarodowej (1925-1927) . 247 V.3.I. Idea paktu o nieagresji w stosunkach polsko-sowieckich ....... 250 V.4. Negocjacje o pakt o nieagresji - rok 1927.................... 254 V.4.I. Instrukcja Augusta Zaleskiego dla Patka z 31 stycznia 1927 r. . . . 254 V.4.2. Patek sonduje Sowietów (koniec stycznia - marzec 1927 r.) .... 256 V.4.3. Rozmowy z ambasadorem Francji i przedstawicielami państw bałtyckich w Moskwie ........................... 259 V.4.4. Instrukcja ministra Zaleskiego z 10 lutego 1927 r. i stanowisko Patka ..................................... 261 V.4.5. Początki negocjacji o pakt o nieagresji (kwiecień - czerwiec 1927 r.) ................................... 264 V.4.6. Zabójstwo połpreda sowieckiego w Warszawie Piotra Wojkowa. Przerwanie negocjacji o pakt o nieagresji ................ 271 V.4.7. Wznowienie negocjacji o pakt o nieagresji - wrzesień 1927 r. . . . 289 V.4.8. Stosunki pomiędzy poselstwem polskim a ambasadą francuską. . . 294 V.4.9. Zastój w stosunkach polsko-sowieckich - październik 1927 r. - początek stycznia 1928 r. Próba podsumowania .......... 296 V.5. Gospodarka w cieniu dyplomacji, czyli o próbach zapoczątkowania rokowań nad traktatem handlowym - 1928-1930............... 300 V.5.I. Sprawy traktatu handlowego w stosunkach polsko-sowieckich do 1928 r ................................... 300 V.5.2. Niefortunny przyjazd do Moskwy Tadeusza Hołówki i Mieczysława Sokołowskiego - styczeń 1928 r ...................... 304 V.5.3. Rozmowa Patka z Cziczerinem - 20 lutego 1928 r ........... 317 V.5.4. Kolejne próby zapoczątkowania rozmów na temat traktatu handlowego: lata 1928-1930....................... 320 Spis treści 7 V.6. Protokół moskiewski ................................ 329 V.6.1. Wystąpienie Bucharina - lipiec 1928 г.; inicjatywa Patka ...... 329 V.6.2. Sowieckie plany wojenne i inicjatywy pokojowe ............ 333 V.6.3. Sowiecka inicjatywa protokołu ...................... 335 V.6.4. Dyplomatyczne przepychania ...................... 339 V.7. W gąszczu innych trudnych spraw - zaostrzenie stosunków polsko-sowieckich (1929-1930).......................... 354 V.7.I. Prasa, wywiad i inne ............................ 355 V.7.2. Wzajemna wymiana więźniów i opieka nad osobami uwięzionymi w ZSRR ................................... 364 V.7.3. Stanowisko Patka wobec zjazdu Polaków z zagranicy ........ 365 V.8. Przełamywanie impasu w stosunkach polsko-sowieckich i powrót do negocjacji o pakt o nieagresji: 1930-1932.................. 366 V.e.l. Rozmowy pojednawcze i zgrzyty ..................... 367 V.8.2. Decyzje sowieckie i postawa Francji ................... 374 V.8.3. Kolejne zgrzyty ............................... 375 V.8.4. W kierunku rokowań ........................... 380 V.8.5. Negocjacje .................................. 382 V.9. Związek Sowiecki i bolszewizm w interpretacjach Stanisława Patka ..... 399 V.9.I. Bolszewizm (bolszewicy), komunizm .................. 401 V.9.2. III Międzynarodówka (Komintern)................... 402 V.9.3. Stalin i walki wewnątrzpartyjne ..................... 403 V.9.4. Ludzie aparatu władzy ........................... 406 V.9.5. Propaganda ................................. 408 V.9.6. Zbrojenia i przygotowania do wojny .................. 409 V.9.7. Związek Sowiecki w stosunkach z innymi państwami ........ 410 V.9.8. Związek Sowiecki i bolszewizm ..................... 412 VI. AMBASADOR W WASZYNGTONIE ...................... 414 VI. 1. Stosunki polsko-amerykańskie ........................... 423 VI.2. Początki prezydentury Franklina Delano Roosevelta - polskie oczekiwania 426 VI.3. Połsko-amerykariskie stosunki gospodarcze i sprawa długów wojennych . 428 VI.4. Amerykański przemysł wojenny w raportach Patka .............. 437 VI.4.1. Obrady specjalnej komisji Senatu prowadzącej dochodzenie w sprawie przemysłu wojennego USA ................. 438 VI.5. Wobec propagandy niemieckiej. Starania o kreowanie pozytywnego wizerunku Polski .................................. 445 VI.6. Wobec stosunków amerykańsko-sowieckich .................. 450 VI. 7. Dyplomatyczne przecieki i opinie ......................... 457 VI.8. Poseł na Kubie .................................... 460 VII. OSTATNIE LATA. W CIENIU DYPLOMACJI I POLITYKI ....... 463 VIII. ZAKOŃCZENIE ..................................... 465 VIII. 1. Dyplomata Józefa Piłsudskiego ......................... 465 VIII. 1.1. Dyplomata i polityk niepodległego państwa polskiego ...... 468 8 Spis tresei VIII. 1.2. Przedstawiciel Polski na arenie międzynarodowej - rzeczywistość i zagrożenia ............................... 469 VIII. 1.3. Starcia i negocjacje z Rosją Sowiecką ................. 472 VIII.2. Obserwator stosunków międzynarodowych .................. 475 ABSTRACT ............................................ 478 АННОТАЦИЯ......................................... 482 BIBLIOGRAFIA ......................................... 487 WYKAZ SKRÓTÓW ...................................... 510 SPIS LUSTRACJI ........................................ 514 INDEKS OSÓB ......................................... 517 Stanisław Patek in Diplomacy and Politics (1914-1939) Abstract It was during the period of partitions and the First World War that Stanisław Patek look his first steps in diplomacy and politics, i.e. when the Polish state did not formally exist. But the actual heginning of his activities fell on 1919, during the Versailles peace conference; he finished his active life in September 1939, as Senator to the Polish Sejm. I hus his service in diplomacy and politics encompassed the whole period of the Second Republic of Poland. Patek belonged to the leading diplomats of the independent Polish state, but as a politician he was a background actor. A biography of this diplomat and politician sheds light on the most important period in the policy of Poland, in the period when the young Polish slate was organising its internal structures, lought for its frontiers, struggled with policies of the powers and tried to maintain its independence on the international arena. Most important stages of Patek s career were marked by the Versailles Peace Con¬ ference, the period of the Polish-Soviet War of 1920, and the times he was first Foreign Minister of Poland and then the head of the Polish diplomatic agency in Moscow, lhe remaining periods ot his diplomatic service, in Tokyo, Peking or even in Washington, cannot be regarded as equally important in the foreign policy of Poland at that time. Stanislaw Patek was Józel Piłsudskfs diplomat. He enjoyed the Marshal s friendship, sometimes rough, due to the diflerence oí opinions, but always based on mutual respect arul Patek s d<.x-p conviction that it was Piłsudski who made decisions. Ihe years of his active service in diplomacy and politics, apart from the Japanese period, fell on the time ol Pikudski s great influence on Polish foreign policy. Paradoxically, Patek s most active days ended in 1935, i.e. in the year of Pilsudki s death. As a diplomat, Patek was a sub¬ ordinale of several foreign ministers, including August /.aleski and Józef Beck. Ihe first one he esteemed, but more as an expert on international relations than an actual head o\| Polish foreign policy. His attitude towards the latter one was much more complex. Patek was a valuable diplomat for Marshal Piłsudski, who sent him to diplomatic posts important for the Polish foreign policy at the time, and used his skills and inter- naiional freemason connections in the world of diplomacy and politics. Ihere is no doubt, however, that he was Piłsudskfs confidential man in his policy towards Russia and (he Intente states, especially France. Fvcn when Patek was Polish ambassador to Washington, Piłsudski probably sent his diplomat to Moscow with the purpose to probe into the mood of the Soviet diplomacy on the eve of establishing diplomatic relations 480 Abstract It seems that the last months of 1919, and most certainly the time when Patek was foreign minister, triggered off a certain evolution of his attitude towards the Western powers. Although he remained a Francophile for the rest of his life, it was more on the level of diplomatic contacts, sympathy to France as the state supporting the idea of Polish independence than because of his actual faith in the real strength of the Pol¬ ish-French alliance. It should be emphasised, however, that Patek, like the contemporary leaders of Polish foreign policy, appreciated the significance of that alliance, especially important in games with Germany and USSR. Probably Patek was one of the few, apart from Piłsudski, who as soon as in 1920 was aware of the fact that France s position in the international arena had significantly eroded. He also appreciated the importance of Great Britain, but he was extremely critical of British foreign policy, greatly conditioned by economic matters, and not sympathetic enough towards the young Polish state. Nonetheless, Stanisław Patek was unable to work out effective methods in the Pol¬ ish-Czech negotiations in the face of pro-Czech stance of France. The Polish diplomat was particularly critical of the Czechs and drew right conclusions from his analysis of the conflict over Teschen Silesia, but was unable to talk France into supporting Poland in this matter. One of the most difficult periods in Patek s political biography was the time of his service as foreign minister. The head of Polish diplomacy tried to win support of the Entente states for Poland both in its war with the Bolsheviks and its actions to negotiate peace. He did not succeed, however, in drawing the Entente powers into the Polish game with the Soviets. While Great Britain tried to persuade Poland to negotiate peace with Russia, France, on the other hand, was against the talks. Paris wanted the Bolsheviks to suffer defeat fir it saw the future Russian leaders in White Russian generals. But France was unable to induce Patek to support White generals in Russia. Yet, despite the fact how France regarded the Polish territories and what was the attitude of Polish politicians towards that stance, Poland entered an alliance with France as the victorious power which at the Versailles peace conference supported Polish independence. The alliance was concluded in 1921; it was brought about by the Polish raison d état and was conditioned both by geopolitical considerations, imposing certain concurrence on French and Polish foreign policies (the problem of Germany and Russia), and by the coexistence in the new post-war international system of which France was one of its main pillars. Yet, the system evolved, bringing about changes in the Polish foreign policy. And although Poland remained faithful to the alliance with France, and in 1921 entered a treaty with Rumania, after the Pact of Locarno, admittance of Germany into the League of Nations, and in the face of growing revisionist tendencies ofthat state and increasing activity of the Soviets in Europe, Polish foreign policy tried to find better protection against Germany and USSR. It should be also added here that the international system built after World War I to ensure the dominance of the victorious powers, i.e. France, Great Britain, Italy, the United States and Japan, underwent great changes under the influence of German and Soviet foreign policies. These two states, cooperating together, conducted a policy that threatened Poland s independence. Patek, at the head of the Polish diplomatic agency in Moscow, observed this dangerous phenomenon. He fre¬ quently warned that those two states, despite their temporary frictions, would cooperate in the future. Abstract 481 Trying to prevent German and Soviet cooperation, Poland was using the frictions between them, but also made important pacts with both of them. Patek negotiated and finalised a non-aggression pact with the USSR in 1932, and also accepted a non-aggression pact with Germany, signed on January 26, 1934. As Polish ambassador to Washington, he indicated the role played by Poland in the creation of a new system of security in Central-Eastern Europe, based to a large degree on the abovementioned agreements, but also on alliances with France and Rumania. Russia was one of the most important areas of Patek s activity. He knew both the state and its people from tsarist times and this knowledge of his was later used by Józef Piłsudski, who entrusted him with the task to negotiate with the Bolsheviks in 1920, and then, in 1927, to negotiate and conclude a non-aggression pact with the USSR. Patek lost his first diplomatic scuffle with Soviet Russia, but the second one - due to his remarkable obstinacy and determination — he won. What is the contribution of this research to our knowledge of Polish diplomacy and foreign policy? Certainly, it presents new or little known and described in historiography activities of Patek, who stayed in the background of greater actors of Polish diplomacy and politics, it also indicates very real plans of Minister Patek to enter the peace nego¬ tiations with the Bolsheviks in the spring of 1920, and sheds light on the inside story of diplomacy throughout the whole period of his service, with special attention paid to the relationship with France and the USSR. The analysed documents reveal also Patek s most unusual determination in his clashes with politicians of such states as the Soviet Union. These documents, preserved mainly in Russian archives, provide us a special insight into extremely anti-Polish attitude and actions of Soviet imperial diplomacy towards Poland. In the light of presented material, Patek s analyses of such issues as Bolshevism, Soviet politics and system, proved correct and important for Soviet studies. The documents also reveal almost unknown Patek s analyses of a contemporary situation in the Far East or the inside story of Polish-American talks concerning the Polish debt and American armament before the Second World War. Grażyna Waluga
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genre	(DE-588)4006804-3 Biografie 1914-1939 gnd-content
genre_facet	Biografie 1914-1939
geographic	Polska / stosunki zagraniczne / 1900-1945 jhpk
geographic_facet	Polska / stosunki zagraniczne / 1900-1945
id	DE-604.BV041619349
illustrated	Not Illustrated
indexdate	2024-12-20T16:50:42Z
institution	BVB
isbn	9788375432718
language	Polish
oai_aleph_id	oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-027060417
oclc_num	873429265
open_access_boolean
owner	DE-12 DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR
owner_facet	DE-12 DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR
physical	528 s. il. 25 cm
publishDate	2013
publishDateSearch	2013
publishDateSort	2013
publisher	Instytut Historii Polskiej Akademii Nauk Wydawnictwo Neriton
record_format	marc
spellingShingle	Gmurczyk-Wrońska, Małgorzata Stanisław Patek w dyplomacji i polityce (1914 - 1939) Patek, Stanisław / (1866-1944) jhpk Patek, Stanisław Jan 1866-1944 (DE-588)133922081 gnd Służba dyplomatyczna i konsularna polska / 1900-1945 jhpk
subject_GND	(DE-588)133922081 (DE-588)4006804-3
title	Stanisław Patek w dyplomacji i polityce (1914 - 1939)
title_auth	Stanisław Patek w dyplomacji i polityce (1914 - 1939)
title_exact_search	Stanisław Patek w dyplomacji i polityce (1914 - 1939)
title_full	Stanisław Patek w dyplomacji i polityce (1914 - 1939) Małgorzata Gmurczyk-Wrońska
title_fullStr	Stanisław Patek w dyplomacji i polityce (1914 - 1939) Małgorzata Gmurczyk-Wrońska
title_full_unstemmed	Stanisław Patek w dyplomacji i polityce (1914 - 1939) Małgorzata Gmurczyk-Wrońska
title_short	Stanisław Patek w dyplomacji i polityce (1914 - 1939)
title_sort	stanislaw patek w dyplomacji i polityce 1914 1939
topic	Patek, Stanisław / (1866-1944) jhpk Patek, Stanisław Jan 1866-1944 (DE-588)133922081 gnd Służba dyplomatyczna i konsularna polska / 1900-1945 jhpk
topic_facet	Patek, Stanisław / (1866-1944) Patek, Stanisław Jan 1866-1944 Służba dyplomatyczna i konsularna polska / 1900-1945 Polska / stosunki zagraniczne / 1900-1945 Biografie 1914-1939
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027060417&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027060417&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
work_keys_str_mv	AT gmurczykwronskamałgorzata stanisławpatekwdyplomacjiipolityce19141939

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Inhaltsverzeichnis