Cmentarz żydowski w Lesku: 2 Wiek XVIII
Gespeichert in:
| Beteiligte Personen: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Polnisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Kraków
Księgarnia Akad.
2010
|
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020690667&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020690667&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Beschreibung: | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: The Jewish cemetery in Lesko |
| Umfang: | 216 S. zahlr. Ill., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9788322731871 |
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| 500 | |a Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: The Jewish cemetery in Lesko | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819366371514908672 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Spis treści
Wykaz skrótów bibliograficznych
................................. 7
Wprowadzenie
......................................... 9
Rozdział
1.
Dzieje i przestrzenna organizacja cmentarza w
XVIII
wieku
................. 13
Rozdział
2.
Formalne i technologiczne cechy nagrobków
........................ 17
2.1.
Materiał i technika wykonania nagrobków
...................... 17
2.2.
Rodzaje nagrobków
................................ 18
Rozdział
3.
Zdobnictwo nagrobków
................................ 21
3.1.
Elementy architektoniczne
............................. 21
3.2.
Motywy figuratywne
................................ 22
3.2.1.
Roślinne
.................................. 22
3.2.2.
Zwierzęce
.................................. 22
3.2.3.
Antropomorficzne
.............................. 24
3.2.4.
Przedmioty
................................. 24
3.3.
Motywy ornamentalne
............................... 25
Rozdział
4.
Charakterystyka inskrypcji
............................... 27
4.1.
Cechy pisma
................................... 27
4.2.
Cechy inskrypcji
................................. 28
4.2.1.
Wielkość liter
................................ 28
4.2.2.
Układ i rozplanowanie napisu
......................... 28
6
Spis treści
4.2.3.
Znaki i
sposoby segmentacji tekstu
....................... 29
4.2.4.
Brachygrafia: natura abrewiacji
......................... 29
4.2.5.
Inwentarz znaków skrótów
.......................... 30
Rozdział
5.
Aspekty filologiczne tekstów
.............................. 31
5.1.
Język i
grafia
inskrypcji
.............................. 31
5.2.
Struktura i treść inskrypcji
............................. 32
5.2.1.
Objętość, struktura i typy formularza
...................... 32
5.2.2.
Formuła wstępna
.............................. 33
5.2.3.
Informacje
................................. 33
5.2.4.
Laudacja
.................................. 38
5.2.5.
Eschatologia
................................. 40
5.2.6.
Formuła końcowa
.............................. 41
5.3.
Poetyka inskrypcji
................................. 42
Podsumowanie
......................................... 43
Katalog nagrobków
....................................... 45
Sposób opracowania
.................................. 45
Wykaz nagrobków przedstawionych w katalogu
........................... 193
Wykaz skrótów hebrajskich
.................................... 199
Wykaz hebrajskich imion i nazw przynależności rodowych
...................... 205
Materiały, na których oparto opracowanie
.............................. 209
Summary
........................................... 213
Indeks osób
.......................................... 215
Indeks nazw geograficznych
.................................... 217
Ilustracje
............................................ 219
Summary
The Jewish Cemetery in
Lesko.
Part II: The Eighteenth Century
The present volume devoted to the Jewish cemetery in
Lesko
and its tombstones from the eighteenth century is a continuation of the
earlier study by
Andrzej Trzciński
and
Marcin Wodziński, Cmentarz żydowski w Lesku. Część I
-
wiek
XVI
i
XVII
[The Jewish Cemetery
in
Lesko.
Part I: The Sixteeenth and Seventeenth Centuries] published in Cracow in
2002.
It is worth mentioning that the cemetery was already in existence in the first part of the sixteenth century (the earliest source to its history
is a remnant tombstone dated
1548).
At that time the cemetery covered a tip of a slope in the northern part of the present area. The burial part
was gradually extended from the south. In the burial area
-
the focus of this study
—
only
88
eighteenth century matzevot have remained with
preserved inscriptions, along with a similar number of completely destroyed tombstones and, on the perimeter of this area, a few dozen steles
from early nineteenth century. This is just slightly over ten percent of the original state. All tombstones are made of the same material:
a fine-grained local sandstone. This is a poor quality stone, subject to surface erosion and natural stratification; therefore most matzevot natu¬
rally underwent total destruction under the influence of weather conditions. All eighteenth century tombstones represent the same type, that is
the stele. The matzevot were hand made and their shapes are typically quite irregular. The ornamentation is usually modest. Representations
on pediments are limited to one, two, or occasionally three motifs. Among architectural elements there are only slats which frame and divide
the components of the face of the stele. Floral motifs are dominant, with a schematic tree of life prevailing; additionally one can see little
twigs, campanulas and floral rosettes. Among animal motifs there are: lions, unicorns, stags, small birds and eagles. Additionally images of
the crown and hands raised in a priestly blessing were used. Among purely ornamental motifs there is a recurrent round framing of the letters
from the initial formula, including those in the shape of a spirally turned ribbon formed into a circle; apart from that
bordures
made of
geometrical figures can be seen.
All inscriptions were done in Hebrew (with occasional Aramaic expressions), in Hebrew letters, in square script. As far as the script is
concerned, up to the 1750s it featured Ashkenazi post-Gothic script, and later eclectic script with dominant Sephardic features. Significantly,
around
1730
an abbreviated version of the initial formula replaced the full version. The texts are usually short (approximately
14-16
words,
which makes them very schematic, reduced to indispensable
informatory
elements). Laudations are limited to one or two epithets and
lamen-
£14
Summary
tations are completely absent. A persistent truncating of words is visible, including untypical variants. Inscriptions contain numerous gram¬
matical and spelling errors. There are several texts with slightly more extended
informatory
and laudatory elements
-
more sizeable as a result
-
on the tombstones of the community elders
(nos.
2,3,4, 11,24, 51,75, 82),
but these matzevot do not differ from others on the surface.
The
Lesko
matzevot from the eighteenth century seem to be typical for the Jewish communities of small towns (shtetlekh) of that time
and place. This is confirmed by the evidence from
Lesko
from the earlier and slightly later periods (until the mid-nineteenth century) as well
as parallel tombstones from Jewish cemeteries in the vicinity (in
Baligród, Wola
Michowa, Lutowiska, Ustrzyki
Dolne,
or Tyrawa
Wołoska)
and those slightly more distant (in
Rymanów, Nowy Żmigród,
or
Frysztak).
An important part of the book is the source material collected during several inventories of the cemetery (conducted in the years
1994-2009),
included in the Catalogue of Tombstones. The catalogue lists
88
records, that is all the identified tombstones from the eighteenth
century containing at least a fragment of an inscription (the remnant ones and those already extinct). All epigraphs in the catalogue are listed
chronologically, in one sequence.
Translated from the Polish by
Monika Adamczyk-Garbowska
|
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| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-20T14:41:46Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9788322731871 |
| language | Polish |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-020690667 |
| oclc_num | 705966602 |
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| physical | 216 S. zahlr. Ill., Kt. |
| publishDate | 2010 |
| publishDateSearch | 2010 |
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| publisher | Księgarnia Akad. |
| record_format | marc |
| spellingShingle | Trzciński, Andrzej Wodziński, Marcin 1966- Cmentarz żydowski w Lesku |
| title | Cmentarz żydowski w Lesku |
| title_auth | Cmentarz żydowski w Lesku |
| title_exact_search | Cmentarz żydowski w Lesku |
| title_full | Cmentarz żydowski w Lesku 2 Wiek XVIII Andrzej Trzciński ; Marcin Wodziński |
| title_fullStr | Cmentarz żydowski w Lesku 2 Wiek XVIII Andrzej Trzciński ; Marcin Wodziński |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cmentarz żydowski w Lesku 2 Wiek XVIII Andrzej Trzciński ; Marcin Wodziński |
| title_short | Cmentarz żydowski w Lesku |
| title_sort | cmentarz zydowski w lesku wiek xviii |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020690667&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020690667&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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