Najstarsze państwo Piastów - rezultat przełomu czy kontynuacji?: studium archeologiczne
Gespeichert in:
Beteilige Person: | |
---|---|
Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | Polnisch |
Veröffentlicht: |
Poznań
Inst. Archeologii i Etnologii Polskiej Akad. Nauk
2009
|
Ausgabe: | Wyd. 1. |
Schlagwörter: | |
Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018975036&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018975036&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
Beschreibung: | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: The oldest state of the Piasts - the result of a turning-point or a continuation? |
Umfang: | 407 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
ISBN: | 9788389499592 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
_version_ | 1819250976205307904 |
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adam_text | Spis treści
Zagadnienia wstępne
.......................................................................................7
1.
Proces formowania się państwa Piastów w ujęciu mediewistyki głównie „milenijnej .
Ważniejsze paradygmaty badawcze
.....................................................................11
2.
Proces formowania się państwa Piastów według ustaleń archeologii. Paradygmaty badawcze
okresu Millennium
......................................................................................41
3.
Nowe aspekty badań w studiach archeologicznych nad formowaniem się państwa Piastów
................47
4.
Archeologiczne podstawy chronologizacji procesu tworzenia się państwa Piastów
........................53
5.
Próba ustalenia zrębów
substrátu
procesu państwotwórczego
............................................63
5.1.
Podstawy chronologizacji najstarszych układów kulturowo-osadniczych na terenie historycznej
Wielkopolski i Kujaw
..............................................................................63
5.1.1.
Skupisko środkowonadodrzańskie
...........................................................77
5.1.2.
Skupisko pałucko-kujawsko-łęczyckie
......................................................114
5.2.
Najstarsze wczesnośredniowieczne układy osadnicze z terenu historycznej Wielkopolski
i Kujaw w świetle analizy społeczno-kulturowej. Problem waloryzacji społeczności w przestrzeni
.....155
6.
Stabilizacja wczesnośredniowiecznych struktur społeczno-kulturowych na terenie historycznej
Wielkopolski i Kujaw. Ład grodowy
...................................................................203
7.
Przełom organizacyjno-państwowy w ustaleniach archeologii
...........................................253
7.1.
Chronologia procesu i jego archeologiczne wyznaczniki
............................................253
7.2.
Pierwotne
patrimonium
Piastów
...................................................................282
7.3.
Grody tzw. centralne w ustabilizowanej domenie Piastów
-
zalążku pierwszej monarchii polskiej
.... 290
8.
Etapy formowania się pierwszej monarchii polskiej według ustaleń archeologii
..........................317
Próba podsumowania i dalsze perspektywy badań
.........................................................323
Aneksy
..................................................................................................325
Aneks
1.
Problematyka etnogenezy i topogenezy Słowian na ziemiach polskich w ujęciu nauki „milenijnej
i „postmilenijnej . Przegląd ważniejszych ustaleń
.............................................327
Aneks
2.
Etnonimy Polanie i Glopeani w badaniach mediewistyki polskiej, głównie „milenijnej . Zestawienie
ważniejszych ustaleń
.........................................................................333
Aneks
3.
Plemię Polan w ustaleniach mediewistyki polskiej, głównie „milenijnej . Aspekt osadniczy
.....335
Aneks
4.
Problematyka kultury ludności państwa Piastów w ujęciu historiografii „milenijnej
............337
Aneks
5.
Zagadnienie rycerstwa tzw. szeregowego na tle problematyki podgrodzi i problematyki
drużyny książęcej. Stan badań
................................................................339
Aneks
6.
Problematyka protopaństwa w ujęciu archeologii polskiej, głównie „milenijnej
................341
Aneks
7.
Metoda dendrochronologiczna w analizie archeologicznej
....................................343
Aneks
8.
Wyznaczanie wieku metodą 14C
AMS
-
ograniczenia metody w aspekcie
ustaleń archeologicznych
.........................................................................345
Anel«
9.
Brązowy guzowaty „pierścień ze Smolna Wielkiego, stan.
1,
woj. lubuskie, w świetle analizy
porównawczej
...............................................................................347
Aneks
10.
Wczesnośredniowieczne grodzisko w Tumie pod Łęczycą, stan.
1
(tzw. kępa grodowa),
woj. łódzkie. Próba weryfikacji formy umocnień, chronologii obiektu
oraz funkcji najstarszego grodu
.............................................................349
Aneks
11.
Próba uchwycenia specyfiki domniemanych pogańskich miejsc obrzędowo-kultowych
z wczesnego średniowiecza odkrytych na Ostrowie Lednickim, na Górze Lecha w Gnieźnie
oraz na Ostrowie Tumskim w Poznaniu
.....................................................353
Aneles
12.
Domniemane wczesnośredniowieczne bagienne miejsce ofiarne ze szczątkami ludzkimi
z m. Kąsinowo pod Szamotułami, woj. wielkopolskie
........................................357
Bibliografìa
..............................................................................................359
The Oldest
State
of the Piasts
-
the Result of a Turning-point or a Continuation?
Archaeological Study (Summary)
.........................................................................403
The Oldest State of the Piasts
-
the Result
of a Turning-point or a Continuation?
Archaeological Study
rchaeological studies on the origin of the Polish State1 medieval studies in the „Millennium period
(1948/
Arch
(realized from the time of the „Millennium peri¬
od seem to have actually been exhausted as far as
the creative approach is concerned, particularly in the
trend referring to the creation of monarchy as a socio-po¬
litical organism. It also refers to the historical medieval
studies, although, in the range of archaeology, it is more
distinctly visible. In the Polish historiography, the his
/1949 - 1965/1970)
in order to take into consideration
the unquestionable achievements of that period (but al¬
so defeats, although in this respect, we do not represent
an expresses
verbis
attitude) in the context of the research
paradigms of those times. The same refers to archaeol¬
ogy, These questions are analysed in chapters
1
and
2
within the problems referring to the research aspects
torical and cultural anthropology has shown to be a ere- which are of interest to historians and archaeologists of
ative
scientific discipline in the field of the genesis of the „Millennium period and they refer to:
Poland under the
Piast
dynasty. In the research field, this
approach represents a new trend which started gaining
acceptation at the end of the twentieth century. It draws
creative inspiration mainly from the French post-war his¬
toriography
(.Annales
school), historical ethnography
and cultural anthropology (primarily, the anthropology
of religion). Let us note that in the discussed discipline
(it refers also to the studies on the development of early-
medieval States), the so far preferred interpretation mod¬
el of historical sources reduced to the economic, social
and political problems has been abandoned to the ad¬
vantage of a multiaspect analysis of
witten
records. In this
problems of State formation within the multi-
aspect evolution process with the economic and social
segments playing the role of
a motorie
force of the oc¬
curring transformations;
•
cultural and political problems of the Pre-State pe¬
riod including the role of a commander s system as a
formation at the close of the tribal period, the so called
transitional formation;
•
problems of predestination to organiziational and
by State directed actions in a definite community set¬
tled on a definite area;
•
problems of a turning-point in a State, or the de-
case, researchers analyse critically the scientific output of velopment or adaptation of a domineering system in a
ethnography, ethnology, semiotics of culture, as well as
prehistory, trying to extend the research field by deter¬
minations as well as by medical and methodological ex¬
periences of the mentioned scientific disciplines.
Actually, medieval archaeology can fully draw in¬
formation from determinations and inspirations of his¬
torical and cultural anthropology. However, in order to
utilize properly the achievements of these new research
directions, a critical reflexion is necessary in reference
to the output of historical medieval studies which base
not only on the analysis of written sources. Historical
medieval studies also utilize sources of a different type
(including the archaeological ones), particularly in the
comparative studies.
Therefore, the departing point of the presented
dis¬
definite
community (the essence of that system);
•
possibility of recording in different sources (main¬
ly in the written form supported by interpreted sources,
among others, by archaeological ones) of the „moment
when the turning-point took place.
Attention has been concentrated on the questions
which the science of the „Millennium period (includ¬
ing medieval studies) treated as the basic elements of a
universal model of a State transformation based on the
Marxian scheme of the historical process. As may be un-
destood from publications, these problems are also ac¬
tually very interesting to researchers, mainly it refers to
anthropologists, historians and culture researchers. It
may be also interesting to archaeologists, although in
sertation is an attempt to estimate the output of the a lesser degree, but also in this field of science, symp-
1
Primarily, it refers to the archaeological and historical researches carried out in the years
1948-1949
in connection with the celebrations of the Great
Anniversary of the Millennium of Polish State in
1965-1966
which were continued, although less intensively, after the year
1970.
406
Michał
Kara
torns
of changes are observed. Questions which are par¬
ticularly intensively discussed include the evolutional
character of the state-creation process which is analysed
in different State-formation models. An essential value
is attributed to the different models of State formation.
A significant importance is also attributed to the factors
conditioning the initiation and the course of the State
formation process, particularlly in reference to the pres¬
ence of a definite social substratum, as well as the exis¬
tence of definite cultural and economic models which
could help to the success of that process. There are al¬
so discussions referring to the role played by a charis¬
matic individual or a family in the process of State or¬
ganization. These problems are discussed in chapter
3.
Continuing the above presented research objectives,
chapter
5
contains an attempt to give an outline of the
State-creation process. This is an important problem,
particularly in the context of the actually preferred sci¬
entific conception of allochtonism of Slavs on the Pol¬
ish territory and the subsequent cultural development
of the early medieval population
(=
early Slavonic pop¬
ulation) on the mentioned territory. Let us add that it
refers, among others, to
Warta
river-basin being of sig¬
nificant importance in the genesis of the state organi¬
zation process. These problems, being the key issues for
the explanation of the genesis of the State oeganization
process and its chronological distance, required a re¬
peated analysis of the bases used for the dating of the
oldest early-medieval culture in Great Poland (sub-
chapter
5.3).
In a wide comparative analysis, we have
taken into consideration both the great number of ce¬
ramic materials from the definite functional and
strati¬
graphie
sequences, as well as the accompanying other
monumental remains, the so called separated monu¬
ments. Among them, there dominated „imports and
one part of them represented archaeological determi¬
nants of absolute chronology. In the context of the dis¬
cussed problems, there is also a concise reference (an¬
nex
1 )
to the status of the actual knowledge of the prob¬
lems of ethnogenesis and topogenesis of Slavs on the
Polish territory in the categories of the science in the
„Millennium period (until
1965/1970)
and in the
„Post-Millenium period (after
1970).
Results of the chronological and comparative analy¬
ses permitted an attempt to reconstruct the oldest ear¬
ly-medieval cultural and settlement systems on the area
of historical Great Poland and Kuyavia (subchapter
5.2).
Attention was concentrated on the problem of def¬
inite communities living in that period on that area and
it had lead to the formation of wider cultural and set¬
tlement systems. Communities associated with them
and the cultural model revealed by them (including the
trend of the preferred economy) was subjected to a mul¬
tidimensional comparative analysis with the utilization
of the data supplied by archaeology, archaeobiology,
cultural and historical anthropology, ethnology of reli¬
gion, historical ethnology and sociology of culture try¬
ing to determine the connection of the discussed com¬
munities with the State-creating substratum.
The communities of those times were recognized by
the character of the centres integrating them and by
their model of culture (particularly by the privilaged
one) and by their presumed sites of rites and culture on
the area of Great Poland and Kuyavia (subchapter
5.2).
It was attempted to find a functional connection between
the mentioned localities with the communities character¬
ized by
a segmental
structure and the already distinctly
educated „noble and charismatic families. The obtained
information
-
having a character of scientific hypotheses
-
was compared with the results of the historical and cul¬
tural anthropologists and an attempt was made to per¬
form a phenommenological „readout of the quasi-myth¬
ical dynastic legend of the
Piast
family recorded in the Pol¬
ish Chronicle of Gall the Anonymous (1.
1-3).
Chapter
6
contains an analysis of the oldest early-
medieval city structures from the area of Great Poland
and Kuyavia in the context of their possible connections
with the State-creating process. The chapter contains a
reconstruction of the genesis of the mentioned medieval
cities and an analysis with a dynamic approach to the
relation between the Early-State medieval cities from
the area of Great Poland and the „tribal fortresses from
the flange of the discussed area. These determinations
permitted to reconstruct the probable zones of the in¬
corporation (among others by conquests) and collabo¬
ration which reflect the political activity of the oldest
State of
Piast
family in the region.
Taking into consideration
,
among others, the above
premises, chapter
7
presents an analysis of central Great
Poland
(Gniezno
Upland with the eastern part of
Poz¬
nań
Upland until the line of
Sama
or Mogilnica in the
West) regarding the connection of that area with the
State-creation process. The analysis took into consid¬
eration, next to the settlement systems, the monumen¬
tal complexes from medieval cities and open settle¬
ments, silver treasures and necrotic finds which (except
for the treasures) originated from excavation studies,
mainly carried out after the II World War, particularly
during the celebration period of the Millennium of Pol¬
ish State existence. The mentioned complexes were used
for the reconstruction of the privileged culture of the
developed social, cultural and settlement structures. The
identity of the studied area with the oldest domain of
the Piasts
-
the origin of Gnezdun Civitas and the sub¬
sequently developed Poland.
Chapter
8
presents an attempt to determine the par¬
ticular stages of the formation of the first
Piast
monar¬
chy. A reference is made to the results of competent
Summary
407
studies carried out by other researchers including the
recent work of Z. Kurnatowska
(2002)
about the ori¬
gin of Poland, where the first
Piast
State is analysed in
the context of social, political and territorial (settle¬
ment) transformations which accompanied the devel¬
opment of Poland.
In the studies on the State organization process, our
attention was concentrated on the determination of its
character, speed of development and mechanism, par¬
ticularly social and cultural conditionings which exert¬
ed a definite effect on the so called status of the com¬
munity access to the group of communities of the cen¬
tralized military monarchies. Objects of interest in¬
cluded also the possible genetic connections of the Ear¬
ly- State structures
-
not as a political formation, but
rather as
a socio-cultural
formation with a distinct sym¬
bolic base
-
in the institutions and cultural phenome¬
na of the so called tribal (Pre-State) period. In the new
subjective literature, a similar model of studying the for¬
mation of the State of the
Přemyslovci
family was ac¬
cepted by D.
Třeštík
(1997; 2003).
In result of the presented studies, some general con¬
clusions have been formulated. We are inclined to ac¬
cept the following conditions which contributed to the
formation of the
Piast
State:
•
The appearance of
Piast
family whose charism,
abilities and initiative contributed to the consolidation
of
Polanš
(or at least the dominating part of them)
around the State-formation idea which in consequence
had lead to the transformation of the tribal organism
into a centralized patrimonial monarchy.
•
The Piasts took advantage of the favourable politi¬
cal and economical circumstances and included the ter¬
ritory of
Polanš
into the network of the far reaching trade
routes connecting the Dunabian zone with the lands of
the Baltic Sea basin. A significant importance was also
exerted by the distance of
Gniezno
land from the mili¬
tary threats in the 9th century and in the first half of the
10th century connected with the territorial and political
expansion of the Carolingian and
Ottonian
Empire into
the region lying between Elbe and Oder rivers.
•
Formation of a privileged Duke s horse mount¬
ed squad which ensured hearing in the State and pro¬
tection against external aggression, as well as permit¬
ted military expansion into neighbouring territories
in order to conquer them and gain booty, tributes or
captives.
•
Development of civil service apparatus which was
based on a planned network of medieval city regions
,
while a socially accepted Duke s law supported the
management of the monarchy, particularly by the
strongly fortified centre of the State. The activity of the
civil service was replaced by economic and administra¬
tive rights of the superior authority typical of socio-po¬
litical organisms with a commander s structure and
a strong position of the ruling family using the instru¬
ment of public mass meetings.
•
Consolidation of the social privileged group
around the culture prestige based on the determinants
taken over from the Dunabian zone, from the countries
of the Baltic Sea basin and the Ottoman Empire. An es¬
sential element of the mentioned culture was the affil¬
iation to the socially privileged class of medieval city in¬
habitants living in powerfully fortified fortresses. The
latter ones constituted an important element of au¬
thority prestige.
•
The
talong
over by Piasts of the superior centre of
the heathen worship in
Gniezno
(transformed in
966
into a Christian centre) and the connection of it with
the mythical origins of State dynasty which imparted
some sacral values to the Piasts and their domain.
•
The conversion of Mieszko I to Christianity and
its acceptance as State religion opened the
Piast
monar¬
chy to the influences of the Western Latin countries
and in consquence, it had lead to the development of a
new social consciousness connected with the idea of
monarchy as the territorial imitation of the
Regni
Dei.
Translated by
dr Urszula Wieczorek-Prabucka
|
any_adam_object | 1 |
author | Kara, Michał 1964- |
author_GND | (DE-588)1153137550 |
author_facet | Kara, Michał 1964- |
author_role | aut |
author_sort | Kara, Michał 1964- |
author_variant | m k mk |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV036084043 |
classification_rvk | NF 1620 |
ctrlnum | (OCoLC)601662162 (DE-599)HEB219676704 |
discipline | Geschichte |
edition | Wyd. 1. |
era | Geschichte Anfänge - 1370 gnd |
era_facet | Geschichte Anfänge - 1370 |
format | Book |
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geographic | Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 gnd |
geographic_facet | Polen |
id | DE-604.BV036084043 |
illustrated | Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-12-20T14:06:29Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 9788389499592 |
language | Polish |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-018975036 |
oclc_num | 601662162 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-M157 DE-12 DE-188 |
owner_facet | DE-M157 DE-12 DE-188 |
physical | 407 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
publishDate | 2009 |
publishDateSearch | 2009 |
publishDateSort | 2009 |
publisher | Inst. Archeologii i Etnologii Polskiej Akad. Nauk |
record_format | marc |
spellingShingle | Kara, Michał 1964- Najstarsze państwo Piastów - rezultat przełomu czy kontynuacji? studium archeologiczne Archäologie (DE-588)4002827-6 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4002827-6 (DE-588)4046496-9 |
title | Najstarsze państwo Piastów - rezultat przełomu czy kontynuacji? studium archeologiczne |
title_auth | Najstarsze państwo Piastów - rezultat przełomu czy kontynuacji? studium archeologiczne |
title_exact_search | Najstarsze państwo Piastów - rezultat przełomu czy kontynuacji? studium archeologiczne |
title_full | Najstarsze państwo Piastów - rezultat przełomu czy kontynuacji? studium archeologiczne Michał Kara |
title_fullStr | Najstarsze państwo Piastów - rezultat przełomu czy kontynuacji? studium archeologiczne Michał Kara |
title_full_unstemmed | Najstarsze państwo Piastów - rezultat przełomu czy kontynuacji? studium archeologiczne Michał Kara |
title_short | Najstarsze państwo Piastów - rezultat przełomu czy kontynuacji? |
title_sort | najstarsze panstwo piastow rezultat przelomu czy kontynuacji studium archeologiczne |
title_sub | studium archeologiczne |
topic | Archäologie (DE-588)4002827-6 gnd |
topic_facet | Archäologie Polen |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018975036&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018975036&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
work_keys_str_mv | AT karamichał najstarszepanstwopiastowrezultatprzełomuczykontynuacjistudiumarcheologiczne |