Grammaticalization:
Gespeichert in:
| Beteiligte Personen: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge [u.a.]
Cambridge Univ. Press
2009
|
| Ausgabe: | 2. ed., 5. print. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Cambridge textbooks in linguistics
|
| Schlagwörter: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018901042&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Umfang: | XX, 276 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780521804219 9780521009485 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819353811859275776 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
List of figures page
xiii
List of tables
xiv
Preface and acknowledgments
xv
List of abbreviations
xviii
1
Some preliminaries
1
1.1
Introduction
1
1.2
What is a grammaticalized form?
4
1.2.1
A preliminary classification of grammatical forms
4
1.2.2
Clines
6
1.2.3
Periphrasis versus affixation
7
1.3
Some further examples of grammaticalization
9
1.3.1
Leii
10
1.3.2
A West African complementizer
13
1.3.3
Agreement markers
15
1.4
Grammaticalization and language structure
16
1.5
Grammaticalization and the directionality of language change
16
1.6
Conclusion
17
2
The history of grammaticalization
19
2.1
Introduction
19
2.2
Earlier research on grammaticalization
19
2.3
Research on grammaticalization from the
1960s
to
the
1990s 25
2.4
Recent trends in research on grammaticalization
30
3
Mechanisms: reanalysis and analogy
39
3.1
Introduction
39
3.2
Some background assumptions about change
40
3.2.1
Induction, deduction, abduction
41
3.2.2
Who is the language learner?
43
3.2.3
The question of genetic endowment
45
3.2.4
Innovation versus spread
46
3.3
Reanalysis
3.3.1
The French inflectional future
3.3.2
The English modal auxiliaries
3.4
The independence of reanalysis and grammaticalization
3.4.1
Word-order change
3.5
Analogy/rule generalization
3.6
The differential effects of reanalysis and analogy
3.7
Conclusion
Pragmatic factors
4.1
Introduction
4.2
Inferencing and meaning change
4.2.1
Semantics and pragmatics
4.2.2
Relationships between senses of a form: homonymy
and polysemy
4.2.3
Conversational and conventional inferencing
4.3
The role of pragmatic inferencing in grammaticalization
4.3.1
Metaphorical processes
4.3.2 Metonymie
processes
4.4
Metaphor and metonymy as problem solving
4.5
Pragmatic enrichment versus bleaching
4.6
Conclusion
The hypothesis of unidirectionality
5.1
Introduction
5.2
Generalization
5.2.1
Generalization of meaning
5.2.2
Generalization of grammatical function
5.3
Decategorialization
5.3.1
A noun-to-affix
cline
5.3.2
A verb-to-affix
cline
5.3.3
Multiple paths
5.4
Some processes participating in unidirectionality
5.4.1
Specialization
5.4.2
Divergence
5.4.3
Renewal
5.5
A synchronie
result of unidirectionality: layering
5.6
Frequency
5.6.1
Frequency effects
5.6.2
Synchronie
studies of frequency
5.6.3 Diachronie
studies of frequency
5.7
Counterexamples to unidirectionality
5.8
The uses of unidirectionality in reconstruction
5.9
Conclusion
6
Clause-internal morphological changes
6.1
Introduction
6.2
Morphologization
6.2.1
Some characteristics of clitics
6.2.2
Positions of clitics
6.2.3
Semantic relevance as a factor in fusion and morpheme
order
6.2.4
Phonological concomitants of morphologization
6.3
The development of paradigms
6.4
Argument-structure marking: functional-semantic hierarchies
and morphological generalization
6.4.1
Object marking in Persian
6.4.2
Ergative case marking: a statistical perspective
6.5
Loss
6.6
Conclusion
7
Grammaticalization across clauses
7.1
Introduction
7.2
A cline
of clause-combining constructions
7.2.1
Parataxis
7.2.2
Hypotaxis
7.2.3
Subordination
7.3
The grammaticalization of clause linkers
7.4
Examples of the development of complex sentence
constructions
7.4.1
TTîaf-complementation
in English
7.4.2
Quotative say-constructions in Akkadian
7.4.3
Relative clauses in English and
Hittite
7.5
From complex to simple clauses
7.5.1
From clause chaining to verb inflection in Lhasa
7.5.2
Two conjoined clauses reanalyzed as a single
clause
7.5.3
From main clause construction to sentential
adverb in contemporary English
7.6
Some counterexamples to unidirectionality in clause
combining
7.7
Conclusion
8
Grammaticalization in situations of extreme language
contact
8.1
Introduction
8.2
Basic characteristics of pidgins and
creóles
8.2.1
Some characteristics of pidgins
8.2.2
Some characteristics of
creóles
Contents
8.3
Implications
of pidgins and
creóles
for language
change
219
8.3.1
Child versus adult language acquisition
219
8.3.2
Simplification and elaboration
222
8.4
Specific implications of pidgins and
creóles
for
grammaticalization
224
9
Summary and suggestions for further work
231
Notes
234
References
237
Index of names
265
Index of languages
270
General index
272
|
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| author | Hopper, Paul J. 1939- Traugott, Elizabeth Closs 1939- |
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| dewey-ones | 415 - Grammar |
| dewey-raw | 415 |
| dewey-search | 415 |
| dewey-sort | 3415 |
| dewey-tens | 410 - Linguistics |
| discipline | Sprachwissenschaft Literaturwissenschaft |
| edition | 2. ed., 5. print. |
| format | Book |
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| isbn | 9780521804219 9780521009485 |
| language | English |
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| spellingShingle | Hopper, Paul J. 1939- Traugott, Elizabeth Closs 1939- Grammaticalization Grammatikalisation (DE-588)4277030-0 gnd Kontrastive Grammatik (DE-588)4073706-8 gnd |
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| title | Grammaticalization |
| title_auth | Grammaticalization |
| title_exact_search | Grammaticalization |
| title_full | Grammaticalization Paul J. Hopper ; Elizabeth Closs Traugott |
| title_fullStr | Grammaticalization Paul J. Hopper ; Elizabeth Closs Traugott |
| title_full_unstemmed | Grammaticalization Paul J. Hopper ; Elizabeth Closs Traugott |
| title_short | Grammaticalization |
| title_sort | grammaticalization |
| topic | Grammatikalisation (DE-588)4277030-0 gnd Kontrastive Grammatik (DE-588)4073706-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Grammatikalisation Kontrastive Grammatik Lehrbuch |
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