Tribunismul: (1884 - 1905)
Gespeichert in:
| Beteilige Person: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Rumänisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cluj-Napoca
Presa Univ. Clujeană
2008
|
| Schlagwörter: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018686209&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018686209&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Beschreibung: | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache |
| Umfang: | 433 S. |
| ISBN: | 9789736108051 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819327976665251840 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CUPMNS
Cuvânt înainte
...............................................................................................
p.
7
Capitolul
I.
Contextul
politico-social
şi premisele culturale ale apariţiei
tribunismului
(1867-1884)...................................................................... ......
р. ц
Formarea grupului de la „Telegraful român şi rolul său în viaţa politică a
românilor din Transleithania (p.
12);
Modelul cultural pretribunist şi dimensiunea
socio-economică a activităţii „telegrafiştilor (p.
20);
Viitorii tribunişti şi
antecedentele relaţiilor tensionate cu alte grupări româneşti (p.
50);
în concluzie...
(p.
56).
Capitolul
II.
înfiinţarea „Tribunei sibiene
(1884)....................................
p.
58
Iniţiative jurnalistice tribuniste
„avant la
date , sau doar simple iniţiative? (p.
58);
Acţiunea externă şi rolul liberalilor în fondarea „Tribunei . Implicarea lui
loan
Slavici (p.
61);
Acţiunea internă şi procesul de geneză a publicaţiei. Receptarea
noului cotidian (p.
68).
Capitolul III. Activitatea politică. Etapa „Tribunei sibiene
(1884-1895)
p.
81
Programul „Tribunei sibiene de la
1884
(p.
81);
Tribuniştii între
activism
şi
pasivism
(1884-1887)
(p.
90);
De la motivul solidarităţii la disensiunile politice.
Relaţii cu alte grupări (p.
93);
Tribuniştii şi electoratul: educaţie politică şi
disciplină socială (p.
101);
Legalismul filomonarhic şi „mitul bunului împărat (p.
106);
Tribuniştii şi viaţa politică din Transleithania. Atitudinea faţă de guvern (p.
108);
Traseul sinuos al ideii de compromis între români şi maghiari (p.
113);
Ideea
tribunistă de naţiune (p.
119);
Cartografia unei Europe bipolare. Rusofobia
tribunismului (p.
125);
Procesele de presă din perioada prememorandistă (p.
133);
Ideea memorandistă în publicistica tribunistă (p.
137);
Proiectul de memorand al lui
I.
Slavici de la
1887
(p.
140);
Acţiunea politică tribunistă în cadrul mişcării
memorandiste (p.
153);
Tribuniştii în procesul memorandiştilor (p.
164);
Implicarea
în colaborarea cu naţionalităţile nemaghiare (p.
174);
Criza „Tribunei
(1893-1896)
(p.
181).
Capitolul
IV.
Activitatea politică. Etapa arădeană: „Tribuna
Poporului
(1897-1903)
şi „Tribuna
(1903-1905).....................................
p.
199
Apariţia „Tribunei Poporului
(1896)
(p.
199);
Un alt ziar, noi linii programatice (p.
212);
Grupul de la Arad în contextul crizei PNR (p.
218);
„Tribuna Poporului şi
naţionalităţile nemaghiare (p.
228);
între guvernul maghiar şi nostalgia austriacă (p.
232);
Educaţia politică a corpului etnic: teorie şi practică (p.
237);
Ultimii ani ai
pasivismului (p.
240);
Tribuniştii între doctrină şi realism politic (p.
249);
Pledoarie
pentru o perspectivă alternativă asupra mişcării naţionale: tribuniştii între elită şi
grup de interese (p.
255).
Capitolul
V.
Dimensiunea culturală a tribunismului
......................
p.
273
Premisele acţiunii culturale tribuniste (p.
273);
Proza românească (p.
276);
Poezia
şi dramaturgia românească (p.
286);
Critica literară (p.
293);
Literatura universală
(p.
299);
Folclorul şi etnografia (p.
303);
„Biblioteca poporală a „Tribunei şi
Tipografia „Tribunei Poporului
-
analiză comparativă (p.
306);
Unificarea
lingvistică şi impunerea ortografiei fonetice (p.
312);
Istorie,
filosofie,
etică (p.
316);
Asociaţii şi instituţii culturale româneşti (p.
321);
Publicaţii anexe ale
„Tribunei : „Călindarul Poporului , „Foaia Ilustrată (p.
324);
Concepţia culturală
şi estetică tribunistă (p.
327).
Capitolul
VI.
Implicarea socială a tribuniştilor
...............................
p.
337
între politic şi social (p.
337);
Relaţia cu Mitropolia din Sibiu şi Biserica Ortodoxă
(p.
338);
Tribuniştii şi Biserica Unită (p.
348);
Rolul social şi politic al bisericii (p.
350);
Tribunismul şi învăţământul românesc transilvănean (p.
355);
Implicarea în
viaţa economică (p.
363);
Receptarea şi combaterea maghiarizării: atitudinea
„Tribunei sibiene faţă de administraţia maghiară şi faţă de EMKE (p.
370);
Identitate şi alteritate la „Tribuna din Sibiu (p.
373).
Concluzii
..............................................................................................
p.
382
Epilog
....................................................................................................
p.387
Anexe
....................................................................................................
p.
390
Tabel
1.
Autori şi lucrări cunoscute „telegrafiştilor în economie şi ştiinţele naturii p.
391
Tabel
2.
Periodice străine consultate
de „telegrafisti
.................................................
p.
392
Tabel
3.
Autori şi lucrări cunoscute lui
loan Bechnitz
în domeniul etnografiei şi
antropologiei
................................................................................................................
p.
392
Tabel
4.
Autori şi lucrări cunoscute „telegrafiştilor în domeniile filologiei,
filosofiei şi istoriei
.......................................................................................................
p.
397
Prospect
.......................................................................................................................
p.
398
Proiectul de memorand al lui
loan
Slavici
(1887).......................................................
p.
401
Bibliografie
..........................................................................................
p.
417
Abstract
(English)
...............................................................................
p.
429
Abstract
The main objective of the book is to offer a clear and synthetic view
of the so called
Tribunist
current, developed around the newspaper
Tribuna
from
Sibiu
between
1884
and
1895,
and then moved to
Arad,
from
1897
to
1905.
We ve tried to gather the whole edit information about
the subject, add consistent archive materials and, on this basis, reconstruct
the history of the Tribunism and of its promoters.
The Tribunism originated in the struggle for gaining the public trust
of a small group of young Romanians from
Sibiu
(Transylvania). They
frequented the Central-European universities of
Wien, Leipzig,
Bonn and
Dresda in the 1870 s, some of them with scholarships from the archbishop
Andrei
Şaguna,
and after their return in Transylvania they gathered
around the newspaper
Telegraful Român ,
trying to preserve what was
left of the activist movement inside
de
National Romanian Party in
Transylvania (PNRT), during a time when the pasivists controlled the
main institutions. First they published a newspaper called
Foişoara
Telegrafului Român ,
trying to sustain the cultural pattern of the
Junimism,
then, in
1878,
some of them were elected in the board of PNRT. Their
education, their cultural background and in some cases their wealth
sustained their ambitions of imposing activism as the main political tactic,
but the unification of the two Romanian National Parties (one
from Banat
429
TRIBUNISMUL
(1884-1905)
and one from Transylvania) in
1884
forced them to step back in order to
wait for the older generation to retire.
After
1881
things took an unexpected turn when, in
1883,
the
archbishop Miron
Romanul
persuaded Nicolae Cristea, the director of
Telegraful Român ,
to resign. M.
Romanul
was the head of an activist
party
-
Romanian Moderate Party (PMR)
-
that sustained the collaboration
between Romanians and the Hungarian cabinet and he didn t agree with
the radical activist ideas of the future tribunists .
Consequently, left without press support, the former group from
Telegraful Român
(Nicolae Cristea,
Eugen
Brote,
Dumitru Comşa,
loan
Bechnitz, Daniil Popovici-Barcianu) allied with some wealthy merchants
from
Braşov
(Diamandi
Manóle,
loan
Duşoiu
and George B.
Popp)
and in
April
1884
they started printing the
Tribuna
daily newspaper. loan
Slavici,
writer and journalist, was called from Romania to be the director of
the new publication. His presence and the future financial sustain of the
Tribuna
by the National Liberal Party in Romania (PNL) drove some
historians to the conclusion that the Tribunism was only a Trojan horse
of the liberals from Romania which they had used to press both the
Hungarian allies inside the Triple Alliance and the Romanian Conservative
Party (PC) in the internal political affairs of the Romanian Kingdom.
However, despite the future financial support and some thin references in
Slavici s memoirs, there is no other proof of liberal implication. Instead, the
same memoirs and the correspondence point to the fact that during its first
three years the newspaper was financially sustained by the wealthy
merchants from
Braşov,
in their struggle to raise a new activist wing inside
the Romanian National Party from Transylvania and Hungary (PNR).
430
ABSTRACT
Although they were activists, the tribunists couldn t make their
options public because there was a strong chance of being associated with
de
archbishop Roman s party and banned from PNR. Instead, they had
chosen to gain the trust of the public opinion and of the PNR leadership
promoting a new pasivist tactic approach and succeeded, entering the
board of PNR
-
The Central Electoral Committee
(ССЕ)
-
in
1887.
loan
Slavici
was commissioned with the task of elaborating a Memorandum for
the Emperor Franz Joseph I, but his ideas were not welcomed by the
majority of
ССЕ. Не
resigned from the Committee and for the next
4
years
the tribunists lost their board-position inside the National Party and the
Memorandum was elaborated by the Ratiu faction. But in Vincentiu
Babeş s
constant delays in the question of the public launch of the act, the
tribunist saw the opportunity for their comeback. In January
1892,
a
National Party conference decided that it was time for the Memorandum to
be presented to the Emperor and its content made public, and elected six
tribunists in the board of the party. In May and June
1892
the tribunists
joined the
300
people deputation that took the Memorandum to
Wien
and
the act was printed in the
Tribuna
typography.
Next year, the events took a bad turn when the Hungarian officials
began investigating the circumstances in which the Memorandum was
released for the public, accusing the Romanian National Party leaders of
breaking the Press Law.
Eugen
Brote,
the leader of the tribunists and the
owner of the newspaper fled to Venice and from there to Bucharest. Other
members of the group were found guilty and condemned to several years
of prison, determining Septimiu
Albini,
the second-in-command after
Brote,
to pass the mountains into Romania in September
1894.
431
TRIBUNISMUL
(1884-1905)
Starting
1893,
the tribunists also tried to establish contacts with the
non-Hungarian nations, especially the Serbians and Slovaks, the main
result being the Congress of the Nationalities, held in Budapest, in
1895.
Between
1892
and
1895
the
Tribuna
newspaper s editors were
also judged for tens of Press Law breakings, the financial penalties causing
problems in the editorial activity. The tribunists were being financed by the
Raţiu
faction inside PNR, but also by the Liberals in Bucharest. When the
last ones tried to use
Tribuna
to press the Conservative Government and
force its fall, loan
Raţiu,
the president of PNR, tried, on his turn, to obtain
control of the
Tribuna ,
opening the so called national movement crisis .
He succeeded in January
1896,
forcing the tribunists to retire from the
editorial board of the newspaper.
With help from Romania, another newspaper was published by the
tribunists at
Arad,
since
1897:
Tribuna
Poporului .
In its editorial board
were the redactors of the lost
Tribuna :
loan
Russu-Şirianu, Vasile
Mangra,
George
Bogdan-Duică
and a press war began between the new
tribunists in
Sibiu
and the old tribunists relocated at their new
headquarters in
Arad.
The conflict ended in
1902-1903,
after the death of
loan
Raţiu
and after the newspaper
Tribuna
from
Sibiu
ceased its
appearance. By that time,
Tribuna Poporului
was openly sustaining the
necessity of imposing the activist tactic and that of political action
alongside the other non-Hungarian nations and in
1905
a PNR conference
decided that Romanians should enter the elections.
The reconstruction of the
tribunist
political activity ends with the
analysis of the tribunists as an interest group, using paradigms from
political science and sociology, with the purpose of establishing an example
for other researchers of the Romanian national movement, because its
432
ABSTRACT
study should be reoriented from the nationalist view to the elite sociology
and political science perspectives.
A consistent segment of the
tribunist
activity between
1884
and
1896
was represented by the implementation of the
junimist
pattern in the
cultural life of the Romanians in Transylvania. The literature promoted by
Tribuna
was meant to become an example for the Transylvanian writers
and a very careful title selection helped creating a center of literary
works , attracting the young literates
-
the most important discovery of the
tribunists was the poet George
Coşbuc.
Another effect of the
tribunist
cultural action was the spreading of the phonetic orthography usage
among the Romanians in Transylvania. After
1896,
Tribuna Poporului
couldn t keep up the pace with the Romanian literary development and
ended in becoming a common political newspaper with a literary section,
far below the level achieved during the previous decade.
The social involvement of the tribunism was oriented on three
major themes. First it was the position of the Orthodox and Greek-Catholic
Churches towards the national problem represented by the incapacity of
coherent political action. Second it was the scholar instruction, because
many of the
tribunist
leaders had pedagogical studies and some of them
were teachers. They reacted at the constant pressure of the Hungarian
government, condemning the national danger represented by the imposing
of the Hungarian language as a compulsive discipline in the curricula of
Romanian private and confessional schools. Third, we ve studied the ethnic
images promoted in the
Tribuna
newspaper, only to find out that the
image of the Romanians as a nation was mostly a positive and optimistic
one, being a reflection of the overall journalistic tone of the Tribunism.
433
TRIBUNISMUL
(1884-1905)
bi
conclusion, the Tribunism represented an important current in
the political life of the Romanians in Transylvania between
1884
and
1905,
but its promoters also tried to impose themselves and their ideas in the
cultural and social fields, thinking that bunding a good public image
should help them in their political battles.
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Popovici, Vlad |
| author_facet | Popovici, Vlad |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Popovici, Vlad |
| author_variant | v p vp |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV035827596 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)643402517 (DE-599)BVBBV035827596 |
| era | Geschichte 1884-1905 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1884-1905 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Siebenbürgen (DE-588)4054835-1 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Siebenbürgen |
| id | DE-604.BV035827596 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-20T14:01:06Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789736108051 |
| language | Romanian |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-018686209 |
| oclc_num | 643402517 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 433 S. |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateSearch | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| publisher | Presa Univ. Clujeană |
| record_format | marc |
| spellingShingle | Popovici, Vlad Tribunismul (1884 - 1905) Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd Politische Publizistik (DE-588)4226099-1 gnd Kulturleben (DE-588)4126540-3 gnd Rumänen (DE-588)4117147-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4046514-7 (DE-588)4226099-1 (DE-588)4126540-3 (DE-588)4117147-0 (DE-588)4054835-1 |
| title | Tribunismul (1884 - 1905) |
| title_auth | Tribunismul (1884 - 1905) |
| title_exact_search | Tribunismul (1884 - 1905) |
| title_full | Tribunismul (1884 - 1905) Vlad Popovici |
| title_fullStr | Tribunismul (1884 - 1905) Vlad Popovici |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tribunismul (1884 - 1905) Vlad Popovici |
| title_short | Tribunismul |
| title_sort | tribunismul 1884 1905 |
| title_sub | (1884 - 1905) |
| topic | Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd Politische Publizistik (DE-588)4226099-1 gnd Kulturleben (DE-588)4126540-3 gnd Rumänen (DE-588)4117147-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Politik Politische Publizistik Kulturleben Rumänen Siebenbürgen |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018686209&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018686209&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT popovicivlad tribunismul18841905 |