Chemical fate and transport in the environment:
Gespeichert in:
| Beteiligte Personen: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
San Diego [u.a.]
Acad. Press
2000
|
| Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
| Schlagwörter: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017422185&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Umfang: | XI, 433 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0123402751 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819381208239308800 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Chemical fate and transport in the environment
Autor: Hemond, Harold F
Jahr: 2000
CONTENTS
Preface ix
Acknowledgments xi
L Basic Concepts 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Chemical Concentration 3
1.3 Mass Balance and Units 5
1.3.1 Mass Balance and the Control Volume 5
1.3.2 Consistency of Units 11
1.4 Physical Transport of Chemicals 11
1.4.1 Quantification of Advective Transport 13
1.4.2 Quantification of Fickian Transport 15
1.5 Mass Balance in an Infinitely Small Control Volume:
The Advection-Dispersion-Reaction Equation 19
1.6 Basic Environmental Chemistry 20
1.6.1 Chemical Kinelics versus Chemical Equilibrium 21
1.6.2 Free Energy 22
1.6.3 Chemical Equilibrium 24
1.6.4 Electroneutrality 30
1.6.5 Activity 31
1.6.6 Chemical Kinetics 32
1.7 Error in Measurements of Environmental Quantities 36
1.8 Chemical Disiribution among Phases 41
1.8.1 Solubility and Vapor Pressure 42
1.8.2 Henry s Law Constants 48
1.8.3 Chemical Partitioning to Solids 50
1.8.4 Equilibrium Partitioning among All Phases. Fugacity 54
1.9 Conclusion 57
V
2 Surface Waters
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 Nature of Surface Waters
2.1.2 Sources of Pollutant Chemicals to Surface Waters
2.2 Physical Transport in Surface Waters
2.2.1 Rivers
2.2.2 Lakes
2.2.3 Estuaries
2.2.4 Wetlands
2.2.5 Particles in Surface Waters
2.3 Air-Water Exchange
2.3.1 Thin Film Model
2.3.2 Surface Renewal Model
2.3.3 The Reaeration Coefficient
2.3.4 Volatilization from Pure Phase Liquids
2.4 Chemical and Biological Characteristics of Surface
Waters
2.4.1 Acid-Base Chemistry
2.4.2 Aquatic Ecosystems
2.4.3 Reduciion-Oxidation Chemistry: Power for
Ecosystems
2.5 Dissolved Oxygen Modeling in Surface Waters
2.6 Biotransformation and Biodegradation
2.6.1 Aerobic Biodegradation of Organic Compounds
2.6.2 Anaerobic Biodegradation of Organic Compounds
2.6.3 Modeling Biodegradation
2.6.4 Bioconcemration and Bioaccumulation in Aquatic
Otganisms
2.7 Abiotic Chemical Transformations
2.7.1 Degradation of Chemicals by Light
2.7.2 Degradation of Chemicals by Water
2.8 Conclusion
3 The Subsurface Environment
3.1 Introduction
3.1 1 Nature of the Subsurface Environment
3.1.2 Sources of Pollutant Chemicals to the Subsurface
Environment
3.2 Physics of Groundwater Movement
3.2.1 Darcy s Law
3.2.2 Flow Nets
3 2.3 Groundwater Wells
Contents
67
67
67
69
71
71
81
88
91
92
103
105
110
ni
112
114
114
120
126
137
142
145
146
147
156
160
160
167
175
197
197
198
201
203
203
209
212
Contents VU
3.2.4 Unsteady (Transient) Storage and Flow 224
3.2.5 Dispersion 228
3.3 Flow in the Unsaturated Zone 238
3.3.1 The Nature of the Unsaturated Zone 238
3.3.2 Water Transport in the Unsaturated Zone 240
3.4 The Flow of Nonaqueous Phase Liquids 245
3.5 Retardation 248
3.5.1 Chemical Sorption by Organic Carbon 251
3.5.2 Sorption by Ion Exchange 253
3.5.3 Surface Complexation 255
3.5.4 Nonideality in Retardation 256
3.6 Biodegradation 256
3.6.1 Modeling Biodegradation in Biofilms 256
3.6.2 Natural and Enhanced Biodegradation in the Field 262
3.7 Conclusion 264
4 The Atmosphere 281
4.1 Introduction 281
4.1.1 Nature of the Atmosphere 281
4.1.2 Sources of Pollutant Chemicals to the Atmosphere 290
4.2 Atmospheric Stability 297
4.2.1 The Dry Adiabatic Lapse Rate 297
¦1.2.2 The Wet Adiabatic Lapse Rate 302
4.2.3 Mixing Height 305
4.3 Circulation of the Atmosphere 307
4.3.1 Global Air Circulation 309
4.3.2 Synoptic-Scale Air Circulation 314
4.3.3 The Synoptic Weather Map 324
4.3.4 Local Effects 325
4.4 Transport of Chemicals in the Atmosphere 329
4.4.1 Indoor Air Pollution 330
4.4.2 Local-5cale Outdoor Air Pollution 335
4.4.3 Urban-Scale Air Pollution 346
4.4.4 Long-Range Transport Models 348
4.4.5 Global-Scale Transport of Chemicals 351
4.5 Physical Removal of Chemicals from the Atmosphere 353
4.5.1 Dr)-Deposition 353
4.5.2 Wet Deposition 360
4.6 Atmospheric Chemical Reactions 366
4.6.1 Oxidants in the Troposphere 367
4.6.2 Production of Photochemical Smog: The Ozone-
NO.-Hydrocarbon Connection 370
Viii Contents
4.6.3 Acid Deposition 373
4.6.4 Stratospheric Ozone Chemistry 379
4.7 Global Climate Change: The Greenhouse Effect 383
4.7.1 Radiation Balance of Earth 383
4.7.2 Greenhouse Gases 385
4.8 Conclusion 397
Appendix Dimensions and Units/or Environmental Quantifies 415
A.l Fundamental Dimensions and Common Units of
Measurement 415
A.2 Derived Dimensions and Common Units 417
Judex
423
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Hemond, Harold F. Fechner-Levy, Elizabeth J. |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1089282745 (DE-588)1089282680 |
| author_facet | Hemond, Harold F. Fechner-Levy, Elizabeth J. |
| author_role | aut aut |
| author_sort | Hemond, Harold F. |
| author_variant | h f h hf hfh e j f l ejf ejfl |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV023779973 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)845345441 (DE-599)BVBBV023779973 |
| dewey-full | 628.52 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 628 - Sanitary engineering |
| dewey-raw | 628.52 |
| dewey-search | 628.52 |
| dewey-sort | 3628.52 |
| dewey-tens | 620 - Engineering and allied operations |
| discipline | Bauingenieurwesen |
| edition | 2. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV023779973 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-20T13:33:56Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0123402751 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-017422185 |
| oclc_num | 845345441 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-634 DE-188 |
| owner_facet | DE-634 DE-188 |
| physical | XI, 433 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| publishDate | 2000 |
| publishDateSearch | 2000 |
| publishDateSort | 2000 |
| publisher | Acad. Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spellingShingle | Hemond, Harold F. Fechner-Levy, Elizabeth J. Chemical fate and transport in the environment Transport (DE-588)4060680-6 gnd Schadstoff (DE-588)4051933-8 gnd Umwelt (DE-588)4061616-2 gnd Biosphäre (DE-588)4140407-5 gnd Chemikalie (DE-588)4009833-3 gnd Ökologische Chemie (DE-588)4135167-8 gnd Stoffübertragung (DE-588)4057696-6 gnd Schadstofftransport (DE-588)4296576-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4060680-6 (DE-588)4051933-8 (DE-588)4061616-2 (DE-588)4140407-5 (DE-588)4009833-3 (DE-588)4135167-8 (DE-588)4057696-6 (DE-588)4296576-7 |
| title | Chemical fate and transport in the environment |
| title_auth | Chemical fate and transport in the environment |
| title_exact_search | Chemical fate and transport in the environment |
| title_full | Chemical fate and transport in the environment Harold F. Hemond ; Elizabeth J. Fechner-Levy |
| title_fullStr | Chemical fate and transport in the environment Harold F. Hemond ; Elizabeth J. Fechner-Levy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemical fate and transport in the environment Harold F. Hemond ; Elizabeth J. Fechner-Levy |
| title_short | Chemical fate and transport in the environment |
| title_sort | chemical fate and transport in the environment |
| topic | Transport (DE-588)4060680-6 gnd Schadstoff (DE-588)4051933-8 gnd Umwelt (DE-588)4061616-2 gnd Biosphäre (DE-588)4140407-5 gnd Chemikalie (DE-588)4009833-3 gnd Ökologische Chemie (DE-588)4135167-8 gnd Stoffübertragung (DE-588)4057696-6 gnd Schadstofftransport (DE-588)4296576-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Transport Schadstoff Umwelt Biosphäre Chemikalie Ökologische Chemie Stoffübertragung Schadstofftransport |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017422185&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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