Reasoning about knowledge:
Gespeichert in:
| Beteilige Person: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge, Mass. [u.a.]
MIT Press
2003
|
| Ausgabe: | First paperback edition |
| Schlagwörter: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=014173126&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Umfang: | XIII, 517 S. |
| ISBN: | 0262562006 0262061627 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819303931333836800 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Reasoning about knowledge
Autor: Fagin, Ronald
Jahr: 2003
Contents
Preface to the Hardcover Edition xi
Preface to the Paperback Edition xv
1 Introduction and Overview 1
1.1 The Muddy Children Puzzle..........................................4
1.2 An Overview of the Book............................................8
2 A Model for Knowledge 15
2.1 The Possible-Worlds Model.....................15
2.2 Adding Common Knowledge and Distributed Knowledge......23
2.3 The Muddy Children Revisited....................25
2.4 The Properties of Knowledge....................31
2.5 An Event-Based Approach......................38
3 Completeness and Complexity 49
3.1 Completeness Results........................51
3.2 Decidability.............................65
3.3 Incorporating Common Knowledge.................70
3.4 Incorporating Distributed Knowledge................73
3.5 The Complexity of the Validity Problem...............74
3.6 NP-Completeness Results for S5 and KD45.............78
3.7 The First-Order Logic of Knowledge ................80
3.7.1 First-Order Logic......................81
3.7.2 First-Order Modal Logic...................84
3.7.3 Assumptions on Domains..................86
viii
3.7.4 Properties of Knowledge in Relational Kripke Structures . . 87
4 Knowledge in Multi-Agent Systems 109
4.1 Runs and Systems..........................109
4.2 Incorporating Knowledge ......................116
4.3 Incorporating Time..........................121
4.4 Examples of Systems ........................123
4.4.1 Knowledge Bases......................123
4.4.2 Game Trees.........................131
4.4.3 Synchronous Systems....................135
4.4.4 Perfect Recall........................136
4.4.5 Message-Passing Systems..................138
4.4.6 Asynchronous Message-Passing Systems..........141
4.5 Knowledge Gain in A.M.P. Systems.................145
5 Protocols and Programs 163
5.1 Actions................................163
5.2 Protocols and Contexts........................167
5.3 Programs...............................180
5.4 Specifications............................183
6 Common Knowledge and Agreement 189
6.1 Coordinated Attack .........................190
6.2 Agreeing to Disagree.........................199
6.3 Simultaneous Byzantine Agreement.................206
6.4 Nonrigid Sets and Common Knowledge...............213
6.5 Attaining SBA............................218
6.6 Attaining Common Knowledge...................224
6.6.1 Clean Rounds........................225
6.6.2 Waste............................226
6.6.3 Computing Common Knowledge..............230
6.7 Detailed Proofs............................232
7 Knowledge-Based Programming 253
7.1 Knowledge-Based Programs.....................253
7.2 Getting Unique Representations...................259
7.3 Knowledge Bases Revisited.....................271
ix
7.4 A Knowledge-Based Program for SBA ...............276
7.5 Strong Correctness..........................281
7.6 The Sequence-Transmission Problem................283
7.7 Proving Strong Correctness of ST..................290
8 Evolving Knowledge 303
8.1 Properties of Knowledge and Time..................303
8.2 Synchrony and Perfect Recall....................307
8.3 Knowledge and Time in A.M.P. Systems...............311
8.4 Knowledge and Time in ( 1 )...................313
8.5 A Closer Look at Axiom OAn i ...................318
9 Logical Omniscience 333
9.1 Logical Omniscience.........................334
9.2 Explicit Representation of Knowledge................337
9.2.1 The Syntactic Approach...................338
9.2.2 The Semantic Approach...................340
9.2.3 Discussion..........................345
9.3 Nonstandard Logic..........................346
9.3.1 Nonstandard Structures...................346
9.3.2 Strong Implication......................350
9.3.3 A Payoff: Querying Knowledge Bases............354
9.3.4 Discussion..........................357
9.4 Impossible Worlds..........................357
9.5 Awareness..............................362
9.6 Local Reasoning...........................368
9.7 Concluding Remarks.........................373
10 Knowledge and Computation 391
10.1 Knowledge and Action Revisited ..................391
10.2 Algorithmic Knowledge.......................394
10.2.1 Algorithmic Knowledge Systems..............394
10.2.2 Properties of Algorithmic Knowledge............398
10.3 Examples...............................399
10.4 Algorithmic Knowledge Programs..................402
10.4.1 Algorithmic Knowledge Programming............403
X
10.4.2 Algorithmic Knowledge and Complexity ..........405
10.4.3 Implementing Knowledge-Based Programs.........408
11 Common Knowledge Revisited 415
11.1 Common Knowledge as a Conjunction................416
11.2 Common Knowledge and Simultaneity ...............419
11.2.1 Common Knowledge and Uncertainty............419
11.2.2 Simultaneous Events.....................421
11.3 Temporal Imprecision........................425
11.4 The Granularity of Time.......................428
11.5 Common Knowledge as a Fixed Point................433
11.5.1 Fixed Points.........................433
11.5.2 Downward Continuity and Infinite Conjunctions ......440
11.6 Approximations of Common Knowledge ..............443
11.6.1 E~ and Eventual Common Knowledge............443
11.6.2 Applications to Coordinated Attack.............447
11.6.3 Timestamped Common Knowledge.............451
11.6.4 Other Approximations of Common Knowledge.......453
11.7 Discussion..............................454
Bibliography 463
Symbol Index 488
Index 491
|
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| discipline | Informatik Psychologie Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
| edition | First paperback edition |
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| isbn | 0262562006 0262061627 |
| language | English |
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| publishDate | 2003 |
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| spellingShingle | Fagin, Ronald 1945- Reasoning about knowledge Agent (Philosophy) Knowledge, Theory of Reasoning Agent Künstliche Intelligenz (DE-588)4310355-8 gnd Wissensrepräsentation (DE-588)4049534-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4310355-8 (DE-588)4049534-6 |
| title | Reasoning about knowledge |
| title_auth | Reasoning about knowledge |
| title_exact_search | Reasoning about knowledge |
| title_full | Reasoning about knowledge Ronald Fagin, Joseph Y. Halpern, Yoram Moses, Moshe Y. Vardi |
| title_fullStr | Reasoning about knowledge Ronald Fagin, Joseph Y. Halpern, Yoram Moses, Moshe Y. Vardi |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reasoning about knowledge Ronald Fagin, Joseph Y. Halpern, Yoram Moses, Moshe Y. Vardi |
| title_short | Reasoning about knowledge |
| title_sort | reasoning about knowledge |
| topic | Agent (Philosophy) Knowledge, Theory of Reasoning Agent Künstliche Intelligenz (DE-588)4310355-8 gnd Wissensrepräsentation (DE-588)4049534-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Agent (Philosophy) Knowledge, Theory of Reasoning Agent Künstliche Intelligenz Wissensrepräsentation |
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