Principles of nuclear structure and function:
Gespeichert in:
| Beteilige Person: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York [u.a.]
Wiley-Liss
2001
|
| Schlagwörter: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=009401886&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Umfang: | XV, 352 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0471415383 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xv
1. SOME PRINCIPLES 1
Overview of the Cell Nucleus 1
Box 1 1. Discovery of Cells, Nuclei, andDNA 2
A Sense of Scale 4
Box 1 2. Microscopy: Problems and Solutions 5
Box 1 3. Green Fluorescent Protein 7
Thermal Motion 9
Local Concentrations 10
Structures of Nucleic Acids 10
The DNA Double Helix 13
Box 1 4. Translation 18
The Length of DNA Molecules 21
Bending and Twisting DNA 21
Box 1 5. Gel Electrophoresis and Blotting 23
The Structure of RNA 26
Recognizing Specific DNA Sequences 28
Box 1 6. DNA:Protein Binding—
Gel Shifts, Footprinting, ChIP 31
DNA Binding Proteins 32
Making Large Structures 34
Assembling Nuclei in Egg Extracts 36
Subcellular Localization 37
Tensegrity Architecture and Cellular Skeletons 38
Nuclear Position and Shape 38
vii
Viii CONTENTS
Some Evolutionary Considerations 40
Genome Size 41
Box 1 7. The Amount of DMA in a Human Nucleus 42
Gene Number and Organization 44
Regulatory Networks: Redundant and Robust 47
Box 1 8. Protein .Protein Interactions — Two Hybrid, FRET 48
Box 1 9. Simulating Complex Control Circuits 49
Subcompartments and the Origin of Nuclei 50
Box 1 10. The Three Primary Lineages of the Living World 53
Summary 55
References 56
2. STRUCTURE 59
Overview of Nuclear Structure 59
Box 2 1. Preparing Metaphase Spreads 60
The Nuclear Membrane 61
The Nuclear Lamina 62
Nuclear Pores 62
Box 2 2. Intermediate Filaments 65
Box 2 3. Identifying Proteins in Large Structures by MALDIMass
Spectrometry 67
Importing Proteins of 60 kD 67
Box 2 4. Autoradiography 69
RNA Export 70
Is the Nuclear Membrane an Ion Barrier? 71
TheNucleolus 71
Packaging Chromatin During Interphase 73
Artifacts 73
Box 2 5. Isolating Nuclei 75
Box 2 6. Nuclear Matrices and Scaffolds 77
The Nucleosome 78
Box 2 7. Nucleoids 79
The Zig zagging Nucleosomal String 84
Chromatin Loops 85
Chromatin Clouds 92
Box 2 8. Position Effect Variegation in Drosophila 9.?
Chromosome Territories 94
Box 2 9. In Situ Hybridization 95
Nucleoskeletons and Nuclear Subcompartments 96
Chromosomes 98
Box 2 10. Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia 99
Elements of Yeast Chromosomes 99
Telomeres 101
Chromosome Bands 102
Models for Chromosome Organization 102
Polytene Chromosomes 107
CONTENTS IX
Summary 109
References 109
3. REPLICATION 113
Principles 113
Box 3 1. Bacterial DNA Polymerases 115
Tracking Versus Immobile DNA Polymerases 117
Replication Factories 121
The Mechanics of Synthesis at the Fork 124
Separating Parental Strands 124
Box 3 2. Topoisomerases and Anticancer Drugs 125
RNA Primers 126
The Asymmetric Fork 128
Proofreading 133
Replicating chromatin 135
The Initiation of Synthesis 135
Box 3 3. The Origin of Replication ofE. coli 136
Box 3 4. Two Methods for Mapping Origins 138
Simple Origins of SV40 Virus and Yeast 138
Complex Mammalian Origins 139
Role of Transcription During Initiation 142
Replicating Ends 143
Box 3 5. Telomerase in Aging and Cancer 147
Summary 148
References 149
4. TRANSCRIPTION 151
Principles 151
Box 4 1. Mapping Transcription Units 153
Tracking Versus Immobile RNA Polymerases 156
Box 4 2. The RNA Polymerase ofE. coli 157
The Untwining and Supercoiling Problems 160
Attached Polymerases Can Work In Vitro 164
Transcribing Chromatin 166
The Three Kinds of Eukaryotic RNA Polymerase 167
RNA Polymerase I 167
Box 4 3. Ribosome Synthesis 170
RNA Polymerase II and its Transcription Factors 171
Number and Activity of RNA Polymerases 175
Box 4 4. Transcription of Heat Shock Loci 176
Box 4 5. Message/Protein Profiles — Microarrays, SAGE, Two
Hybrid 177
Transcription Factories 179
Nucleolar Factories Containing Polymerase I 179
Extranucleolar Factories Containing Polymerases II and III 181
Dynamics 182
CONTENTS
Processing and Transport of Polymerase II Transcripts 184
Capping the 5 End 184
Box 4 6. Analyzing Caps 185
Polyadenylating the 3 End 186
Splicing the Middle 187
Box 4 7. Autoimmune Antibodies 188
Packaging Transcripts into Ribonucleoprotein Particles 192
Fidelity and Quality Control 192
The Organization of Processing 195
Transport to the Cytoplasm 195
Summary 197
References 198
5. REPAIR 201
The Need for Repair of Damage 201
Common Damaging Agents and Lesions 202
Box 5 1. Consequences of Deamination of C and 5 MeC 204
Some Experimental Approaches 205
Box 5 2. Repair Defects and Human Disease 206
Types of Repair 209
Direct Repair 211
Base Excision Repair 211
Nucleotide Excision Repair 212
Mismatch Repair 213
Other Repair Mechanisms 214
Box 5 3. Damage Response Systems in Bacteria 216
Accuracy in Gap Filling 217
Sites of Repair 217
Transcription and Repair 218
Some Consequences of Inefficient Repair 220
Summary 222
References 223
6. REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION 225
Simple Regulatory Circuits in Bacteria and Yeast 225
Box 6 1. Positive and Negative Control in the lac Operon 227
Box 6 2. A Complex Circuit Involving the Lambda Repressor 228
Principles of Eukaryotic Gene Regulation 231
Most Cells in an Organism Contain the Same DNA 232
Box 6 3. Sequence Changes in Antibody Genes 234
Different Levels of Control 235
Box 6 4. Gene Amplification 236
Box 6 5. Inheritance of Methylated Sequences in DNA 237
Box 6 6. Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation 239
Inheriting the Differentiated State Through Mitosis 240
Box 6 7. Co suppression and RNA Interference 241
CONTENTS XI
Differential Expression Can Require Continuous Regulation 243
Box 6 8. Identification ofMyoD, a Myogenic Transactivator 244
Relative Expression Levels in Different Cells 244
Box 6 9. Designing a Eukaryotic Repressor 245
Regulation at the Level of the Nucleosome 246
Nucleosome Positioning and Modification 249
Chromatin Remodeling 250
Regulation at the Level of the Loop 251
Box 6 10. Defining DNA Motifs That Regulate Transcription 252
Heterochromatin 253
Silencing in Yeast 255
DNA Methylation in Vertebrates 257
Polycomb Proteins of Drosophila 257
Establishing and Inheriting Patterns of Expression 258
Example: Inheriting Activity of rDNA Genes 258
Example: Anterior Posterior Patterning in Drosophila Eggs 259
Box 6 11. Maternal Effect Genes in Drosophila 261
Example: Commitment of Hematopoietic Stem Cells 262
Summary 263
References 264
7. THE CELL CYCLE 267
Overview 267
Mitosis 269
Box 7 1. Synchronizing Mammalian Cells 270
The Centrosome Cycle 272
Box 7 2. Microtubules 274
Spindles, Centromeres and Kinetochores 277
Box 7 3. Different Kinds of Centromeres 279
Microtubule Based Motors Drive Movement 280
Cytokinesis 281
Regulation of the Cell Cycle 283
Box 7 4. Glycogen Phosphorylase and Protein Kinases 285
Role of 7r ms acting Factors 286
Frog Embryos: MPF and Cyclins 286
Yeasts: cdc Mutants, START, and ORC 289
Box 7 5. The Life Cycles of Two Yeasts 290
The G2 Checkpoint in Fission Yeast 294
The Anaphase Promoting Complex 294
Some Other Checkpoints 295
Growth Factors 296
Size Control 298
Deranged Cycles and Cancer 299
Box 7 6. The Genetic Basis of Cancer 300
Box 7 7. Oncogenes 302
Genes Controlling Proliferation 303
CONTENTS
Box 7 8. Tumor Suppressor Genes 304
T antigen, p53, and Rb 305
Box 7 9. p53 and Human Tumors 307
Box 7 10. Hereditary Colorectal Cancer 311
Cancer Therapy and Checkpoints 312
Apoptosis 312
The Genetic Basis of Apoptosis 313
Box 7 11. Lineage Analysis in Caenorhabditis elegans 314
Box 7 12. Caspases 315
Activating the Suicide Machinery 315
Box 7 13. Death Receptors 318
Summary 318
References 319
8. MEIOSIS AND RECOMBINATION 323
Overview 323
Meiosis 324
The Synaptonemal Complex 327
Chiasmata and Chromosome Segregation 327
The Production of Gametes 329
Recombination 329
Principles Involved in Strand Exchange 331
Gene Conversion 333
Box 8 1. RecBCD, Reck, and General Recombination 334
General Recombination in Eukaryotes 336
Box 8 2. The ARG4 Recombination Site in Budding Yeast 336
Chromosome Pairing 338
Summary 341
References 342
Appendix I: Some Websites 345
Index 347
|
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| id | DE-604.BV013753263 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-20T10:52:58Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0471415383 |
| language | English |
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| physical | XV, 352 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
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| spellingShingle | Cook, Peter R. Principles of nuclear structure and function Cycle cellulaire Cycle cellulaire ram Génétique Génétique ram Méiose Noyau (Cellule) Noyau cellulaire ram Noyau de la cellule Recombinaison génétique Cell Cycle physiology Cell Nucleus physiology Cell cycle Cell nuclei Genetics Molecular Biology Genregulation (DE-588)4122166-7 gnd Zellkern (DE-588)4067544-0 gnd Zellzyklus (DE-588)4129960-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4122166-7 (DE-588)4067544-0 (DE-588)4129960-7 |
| title | Principles of nuclear structure and function |
| title_auth | Principles of nuclear structure and function |
| title_exact_search | Principles of nuclear structure and function |
| title_full | Principles of nuclear structure and function Peter R. Cook |
| title_fullStr | Principles of nuclear structure and function Peter R. Cook |
| title_full_unstemmed | Principles of nuclear structure and function Peter R. Cook |
| title_short | Principles of nuclear structure and function |
| title_sort | principles of nuclear structure and function |
| topic | Cycle cellulaire Cycle cellulaire ram Génétique Génétique ram Méiose Noyau (Cellule) Noyau cellulaire ram Noyau de la cellule Recombinaison génétique Cell Cycle physiology Cell Nucleus physiology Cell cycle Cell nuclei Genetics Molecular Biology Genregulation (DE-588)4122166-7 gnd Zellkern (DE-588)4067544-0 gnd Zellzyklus (DE-588)4129960-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Cycle cellulaire Génétique Méiose Noyau (Cellule) Noyau cellulaire Noyau de la cellule Recombinaison génétique Cell Cycle physiology Cell Nucleus physiology Cell cycle Cell nuclei Genetics Molecular Biology Genregulation Zellkern Zellzyklus |
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