A primer of biomechanics:
Gespeichert in:
| Beteiligte Personen: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York [u.a.]
Springer
1999
|
| Schlagwörter: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008273329&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Umfang: | XVII, 297 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 0387984569 |
Internformat
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| 100 | 1 | |a Lucas, George L. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a A primer of biomechanics |c George L. Lucas ; Francis W. Cooke ; Elizabeth A. Friis |
| 264 | 1 | |a New York [u.a.] |b Springer |c 1999 | |
| 300 | |a XVII, 297 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 520 | 1 | |a "No training in orthopaedics can be considered complete unless it includes an in depth exposure to the basic concepts and techniques of biomechanics. The notion of the human body as a complex mechanism composed of levers, cables, fulcrums, and force actuators provides a foundation for much of our current thinking about the function and treatment of the musculoskeletal system. Yet this very useful body of knowledge is often inaccessible to the busy resident and practicing orthopaedist because of the unremitting rigor with which mechanical analysis is usually pursued and because of the proprietary vocabulary with which it is often described. In preparing A Primer of Biomechanics, the authors have broken down these barriers to provide orthopaedic residents, practicing orthopaedists, and others with a friendlier entree to this important material."--BOOK JACKET. | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Biomaterialen |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Biomechanica |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Fracturen |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Orthopedie |2 gtt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Biomechanics | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Human mechanics | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Orthopedics | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Biomechanik |0 (DE-588)4006880-8 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Bewegungsapparat |0 (DE-588)4006318-5 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 655 | 7 | |0 (DE-588)4151278-9 |a Einführung |2 gnd-content | |
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| 689 | 1 | 1 | |a Biomechanik |0 (DE-588)4006880-8 |D s |
| 689 | 1 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Cooke, Francis W. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Friis, Elizabeth A. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m HBZ Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008273329&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 943 | 1 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-008273329 | |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819358150429507584 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Preface vii
Acknowledgments ix
1 Mechanics 1
Ql: Clinical Question: Distraction Force in Traction 1
1.1 Mechanics 2
1.2 Newton s Laws 4
1.3 Characteristics of Forces 5
1.3.1 Magnitude 5
1.3.2 Direction 5
1.3.3 Vectors 6
1.3.4 Point of Application 6
1.3.5 Effect 7
1.4 Coordinate Systems 7
1.5 Resolution of a Force into Its Components 9
1.6 Trigonometric Analysis of Force Systems 11
1.7 Addition of Force Vectors 12
1.8 Static Equilibrium 14
1.8.1 Two Forces 14
1.8.2 Multiple Forces 14
1.8.3 Determination of Unknown Forces 16
Al: Clinical Answer 22
2 Moments 23
Q2: Clinical Question: Forces at the Elbow Joint 23
2.1 Moments 24
2.1.1 Moments as Vectors 25
2.1.2 Couples 26
xii Contents
2.2 Statics 26
2.2.1 The Free Body Diagram 27
2.3 Hip Forces 30
A2: Clinical Answer 34
3 Strength of Materials 36
Q3: Clinical Question: Colles Type Fracture 36
3.1 Strain 36
3.2 Stress 41
3.3 Stress Strain Diagram 45
3.4 Modulus of Elasticity (or Young s Modulus) 46
3.4.1 Elastic Moduli of Some Common
Orthopaedic Materials 47
3.5 Strength and Other Material Properties from the
Stress Strain Curve 48
3.5.1 Strength and Stiffness of Bone: Cortical
Versus Cancellous 50
3.6 Shear Stress, Strain, and Modulus 50
A3: Clinical Answer 52
4 Stresses in Bending 53
Q4: Clinical Question: Fracture of the Femoral Neck 53
4.1 Stresses in Bending 54
4.2 Calculating Stresses Due to Bending in Structures 58
4.3 Determining Area Moment of Inertia (I) 60
4.4 Determining Stresses in Real Structures 61
4.5 Bending Rigidity 64
A4: Clinical Answer 65
5 Stresses in Torsion 67
Q5: Clinical Question: Spiral Fracture of the Tibia
While Skiing 67
5.1 Stresses in Torsion 68
5.2 Calculating Stresses Due to Applied Torques 70
5.3 Determining Polar Moment of Inertia (J) 71
5.4 Determining Stresses in Real Structures 72
5.5 Spiral Fractures in Torsion 74
A5: Clinical Answer 78
Contents xiii
6 Stress Shielding of Bone 79
Q6: Clinical Question: Bone Resorption
Under Bone Plates 79
6.1 Adaptive Remodeling of Bone: Wolff s Law 80
6.2 Stress Shielding of Bones by Implants 81
6.2.1 Bone Plates on a Long Bone 81
6.2.2 Proximal Femur in Total Hip
Arthroplasty 84
A6: Clinical Answer 88
7 Work and Energy Concepts 89
Q7: Clinical Question: Energy in Jumping 89
7.1 Definition of Work and Energy 90
7.1.1 Energy of Falls 92
7.1.2 Energy of Impact Injuries 93
7.2 Work and Energy Concepts in Gait 93
7.2.1 Gait Efficiency 94
7.2.2 Efficiency of Abnormal Gait 95
A7: Clinical Answer 97
8 Stress Raisers, Fracture, and Fatigue 98
Q8: Clinical Question: Two Bone Plates Close
Together 98
8.1 Stress Raising Defects 99
8.1.1 Stress Raising Defects in Brittle
Materials 101
8.1.2 Stress Raising Defects in Forgiving
Materials 104
8.1.3 Defects in Bone 105
8.1.4 Effect of Section Change and Proximity
of Defects 105
8.2 Static Fracture of Materials and Structures 107
8.3 Fatigue Failure of Materials and Structures 108
A8: Clinical Answer 112
9 Biomechanics of Pathology 114
Q9: Clinical Question: Strength of a Bone
with a Tumor 114
xiv Contents
9.1 Fractures 115
9.2 Fracture in Abnormal Bone 117
9.3 Bone Weakening 120
A9: Clinical Answer 124
10 Mechanics of Treatment 126
Q10: Clinical Question: External Fixation and
Fracture Healing 126
10.1 Biomechanical Requirements for
Fracture Healing 127
10.2 Biomechanics of Bone Screws 128
10.2.1 Cortical Bone Screws 129
10.2.2 Cancellous Bone Screws 131
10.3 Biomechanics of Bone Plates 131
10.3.1 Permanent Deformation in Bending
of Bone Plates 133
10.3.2 Bending Rigidity of Bone Plates 133
10.4 Biomechanics of External Fixation 134
10.5 Biomechanics of Intramedullary Nails 135
10.5.1 Interlocked IM Nails 136
AW: Clinical Answer 137
11 Mechanics of Implants 138
Ql I: Clinical Question: Fracture of an
Intramedullary Rod 138
11.1 Load Sharing Versus Load Transfer 139
11.1.1 Load Sharing Implants 139
11.1.2 Load Transferring Implants 140
11.2 Finite Element Modeling and Analysis
in Orthopaedics 141
11.2.1 Special Considerations in Finite Element
Modeling 142
11.3 Design Considerations for Orthopaedic Implants .... 145
11.3.1 Essence of the Design Process 145
11.4 Mechanics of Total Hip Replacement 148
11.4.1 Hip Joint Forces and Moments 149
11.4.2 Type of Fixation 149
11.4.3 Positioning of the Femoral Component 151
11.4.4 Length of the Stem 151
Contents xv
11.4.5 Implant Material and Design Features 151
11.5 Mechanics of Total Knee Replacement 152
11.5.1 Knee Joint Forces and Moments 152
11.5.2 Design of the Tibial Component 153
11.5.3 Design of the Patellar Component 154
All: Clinical Answer 155
12 Considerations in Biomechanical Testing 157
Q12: Clinical Question: Measuring the Strains
in a Femur 157
12.1 Basics of Mechanical Testing Equipment 158
12.1.1 Measurement of Strain 158
12.1.2 Measurement of Displacement 164
12.1.3 Measuring Force: The Load Cell 164
12.1.4 Measuring Pressure 166
12.2 Considerations in Testing Synthetic Biomaterials .... 167
12.2.1 Testing Temperature and Environment 167
12.2.2 Testing Rate and Frequency 168
12.2.3 Aging and Heat Treatment of Materials 169
12.2.4 ASTM Specifications (or Standards)
for Testing Biomaterials 170
12.3 Considerations in Testing Biological Materials 170
12.3.1 Proper Freezer Storage and Handling 170
12.3.2 Hydrodynamic Effects 171
12.4 Considerations in Testing Orthopaedic Devices 171
A12: Clinical Answer 172
13 Biomaterials Basics 174
Q13: Clinical Question: Fracture of a Ceramic
Femoral Head 174
13.1 Definition of the Solid State and the Nature
of Interatomic Bonds 175
13.1.1 Gases 175
13.1.2 Liquids 176
13.1.3 Solids 176
13.2 Magnitudes of Bond Strengths 177
13.3 Changes in State 178
13.4 Types of Solid Bonds 178
13.4.1 Ionic Bonding 180
xvi Contents
13.4.2 Covalent Bonding 181
13.4.3 Metallic Bonding 182
13.4.4 Weak Bonding 183
13.5 Materials of Construction 183
13.5.1 Ceramics 184
13.5.2 Metals 186
13.5.3 Polymers 195
A13: Clinical Answer 196
14 Orthopaedic Alloys 198
Q14: Clinical Question: Which Is Better—Titanium
or Cobalt Chrome? 198
14.1 Stainless Steels 198
14.2 Cobalt Based Alloys 200
14.2.1 Cast Alloys 202
14.2.2 Wrought Alloys 202
14.2.3 Powder Metal Alloys 205
14.3 Titanium Alloys 206
14.3.1 Structure of Titanium Alloys 208
14.4 Wear of Implant Alloys 209
14.5 Fatigue of Implant Alloys 210
A14: Clinical Answer 211
15 Corrosion in the Body 213
Q15: Clinical Question: Use of a Titanium Femoral Stem
with a Cobalt Chromium Head 213
15.1 Electrochemical Corrosion 215
15.2 Electrode Reactions 218
15.3 Dissimilar Metals or Galvanic Corrosion 220
15.4 Passivation 222
15.5 Implant Alloys 223
15.6 Crevice Corrosion 225
15.7 Fretting Corrosion 226
15.8 Cold Work 226
15.9 Pitting Corrosion 226
15.10 Sensitization 227
15.11 Ion Release 228
15.12 Conclusion 230
A15: Clinical Answer 230
Contents xvii
16 Orthopaedic Polymers 232
Q16: Clinical Question: Polyethylene Wear
in Total Knee Components 232
16.1 Basic Characteristics of Polymers 232
16.1.1 Addition Polymerization 233
16.1.2 Condensation Polymerization 233
16.2 Structural Formulas of Polymers 235
16.3 Strength of Polymers 236
16.3.1 Molecular Weight 237
16.3.2 Crystallinity 239
16.3.3 Temperature 241
16.3.4 Additives 241
16.3.5 Branching and Cross Linking 242
16.3.6 Fillers 243
16.4 Important Orthopaedic Polymers: Bone Cement
and Polyethylene 244
16.4.1 Bone Cement 244
16.4.2 Polyethylene 250
A16: Clinical Answer 255
17 Tissue Mechanics 257
Q17: Clinical Question: Tear of the Patellar Tendon 257
17.1 Viscoelastic Nature of Tissues 258
17.1.1 Mechanical Models of Viscoelastic
Behavior 258
17.1.2 Characteristics of Viscoelastic Material
Behavior 263
17.2 Bone 267
17.2.1 Cortical Bone 267
17.2.2 Cancellous Bone 269
17.3 Articular Cartilage 272
17.4 Knee Meniscus 275
17.5 Tendons 275
17.6 Ligaments 277
A17: Clinical Answer 280
Glossary 281
Questions Similar to Those of the OITE and Board 285
Index 291
|
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| genre | (DE-588)4151278-9 Einführung gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Einführung |
| id | DE-604.BV012207811 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-20T10:26:18Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0387984569 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-008273329 |
| oclc_num | 38067654 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-573 DE-11 |
| owner_facet | DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-573 DE-11 |
| physical | XVII, 297 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 1999 |
| publishDateSearch | 1999 |
| publishDateSort | 1999 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | marc |
| spellingShingle | Lucas, George L. Cooke, Francis W. Friis, Elizabeth A. A primer of biomechanics Biomaterialen gtt Biomechanica gtt Fracturen gtt Orthopedie gtt Biomechanics Human mechanics Orthopedics Biomechanik (DE-588)4006880-8 gnd Bewegungsapparat (DE-588)4006318-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4006880-8 (DE-588)4006318-5 (DE-588)4151278-9 |
| title | A primer of biomechanics |
| title_auth | A primer of biomechanics |
| title_exact_search | A primer of biomechanics |
| title_full | A primer of biomechanics George L. Lucas ; Francis W. Cooke ; Elizabeth A. Friis |
| title_fullStr | A primer of biomechanics George L. Lucas ; Francis W. Cooke ; Elizabeth A. Friis |
| title_full_unstemmed | A primer of biomechanics George L. Lucas ; Francis W. Cooke ; Elizabeth A. Friis |
| title_short | A primer of biomechanics |
| title_sort | a primer of biomechanics |
| topic | Biomaterialen gtt Biomechanica gtt Fracturen gtt Orthopedie gtt Biomechanics Human mechanics Orthopedics Biomechanik (DE-588)4006880-8 gnd Bewegungsapparat (DE-588)4006318-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Biomaterialen Biomechanica Fracturen Orthopedie Biomechanics Human mechanics Orthopedics Biomechanik Bewegungsapparat Einführung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008273329&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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