A cognitive approach to performance appraisal: a program of research
Gespeichert in:
| Beteilige Person: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Hochschulschrift/Dissertation Buch |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London [u.a.]
Routledge
1996
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Peoples and organizations
|
| Schlagwörter: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007927673&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Abstract: | A Cognitive Approach to Performance Appraisal is the account of a meticulous and extensive research program into rater cognitive processes and their effects on performance appraisal decisions. Angelo DeNisi has conducted over 30 experiments both in the laboratory and in real-life situations to investigate such important topics as the role of rater memory and the effect of liking some employees more than others. It is also the story of long-term research: the high and low points, the successes and the pitfalls, and the differences between work in the laboratory and the real world. A Cognitive Approach to Performance Appraisal is relevant to all those researching in organizational psychology, especially in the field of appraisal. It will also be of interest to all psychologists whose work in the lab is criticized as of little use in applied settings, as it shows how the move from lab to field may be successfully undertaken. |
| Umfang: | XIII, 224 S. |
| ISBN: | 0415112516 |
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| 520 | 3 | |a A Cognitive Approach to Performance Appraisal is the account of a meticulous and extensive research program into rater cognitive processes and their effects on performance appraisal decisions. Angelo DeNisi has conducted over 30 experiments both in the laboratory and in real-life situations to investigate such important topics as the role of rater memory and the effect of liking some employees more than others. It is also the story of long-term research: the high and low points, the successes and the pitfalls, and the differences between work in the laboratory and the real world. A Cognitive Approach to Performance Appraisal is relevant to all those researching in organizational psychology, especially in the field of appraisal. It will also be of interest to all psychologists whose work in the lab is criticized as of little use in applied settings, as it shows how the move from lab to field may be successfully undertaken. | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819256203114446848 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
List of illustrations ix
Preface xi
1 Why a cognitive approach? 1
Research on performance appraisal: an historical perspective 4
The cognitive shift in appraisal research 8
Cognitive models of performance appraisal 16
Summary 20
2 A cognitive model of the appraisal process 23
Early versions of the model 24
Our model of the appraisal process 27
Conclusions 44
3 Research on information acquisition processes 46
Some background 46
Early information search experiments 49
New technology and new directions 52
The next step and new problems 55
Linking acquisition with ratings 58
Further consideration of the results and a new direction 64
4 Reprocessing objectives and interventions designed to impose
organization in memory 67
Videotaped performance incidents 69
The role of reprocessing objectives 70
On line vs. memory based processing 73
Appraisal salience and reprocessing 76
Interventions to aid in the organization of information 82
Conclusions 94
5 Other factors and other cognitive processes 97
Information integration and processing 98
A cognitive view of gender bias in appraisals 107
viii Contents
The role of interpersonal affect 110
Conclusions 116
6 Cognitive research moves to the field 121
Special problems associated with cognitive research in the field 123
The criterion problem in field research 125
Structured diary keeping in the field 131
Structured recall in the field 140
The role of interpersonal affect in the field 146
Conclusions 149
7 Implications for theory and practice 151
Implications for theory and research 152
Implications for practice 163
Conclusions 171
8 Where do we go from here? 173
Information acquisition 173
Information organization in memory 175
Information processing 176
Rating scale research 176
Rater training 179
The role of interpersonal affect 180
Rater motives 181
Criteria for evaluating effectiveness 182
The future of cognitive research in performance appraisal 185
Some final thoughts 188
Bibliography 190
Name index 212
Subject index 218
Illustrations
FIGURES
1.1 How we use schemata in the evaluation of target persons 9
1.2 The DeCotiis and Petit (1978) appraisal model 13
1.3 Landy and Farr s (1980) proposed process model of appraisals 15
1.4 Areas of overlap and differences in emphases among cognitive
appraisal models 21
2.1 The DeNisi, Cafferty, and Meglino (1984) cognitive appraisal
model 29
2.2 Relationship between types of information and raters ability to
attribute performance to ratees 32
3.1 Brand x product attribute information board for breakfast
cereal 48
3.2 Information arrays for administrative assistant evaluations 51
3.3 Scoring scheme for search strategies study 53
3.4 Design for information presentation 61
4.1 Experimental conditions for second diary keeping study 92
5.1 Changes in evaluations over time as a function of the number
of incongruent performance incidents 105
5.2 A revised cognitive model of the appraisal process 119
7.1 My latest thinking about a cognitive model of the appraisal
process 154
TABLES
3.1 Proportion of covariance information requested by appraisal
purpose and outcome 57
3.2 ARC clustering scores under three presentation patterns 62
3.3 Recall data under three presentation patterns 63
3.4 Mean performance ratings for incidents at each level of
effectiveness 63
4.1 Overall performance ratings as a function of initial purpose and
blocking presentation 72
x Illustrations
4.2 Recall indices as a function of appraisal salience and order of
recall and rating 78
4.3 Performance ratings for tasks performed correctly and
incorrectly across all conditions 81
4.4 ARC person scores for rating instrument and timing conditions 85
4.5 Recall data for four diary keeping conditions 89
4.6 Mean task and overall performance ratings for each ratee across
conditions 90
4.7 Means for all dependent variables under five experimental
conditions 94
5.1 Mean performance ratings as a function of covanance
information, appraisal purpose, and outcome 100
5.2 Recall indices and ratings across conditions and by ratee gender 110
5.3 Means for process variables under two conditions 114
5.4 Mean ratings for two conditions and across levels of affect and
true score 115
6.1 Reaction items and their resulting dimensions 135
6.2 Means for recall indices in experimental conditions 137
6.3 Mean elevation indices in experimental conditions 137
6.4 Mean discriminability indices in experimental conditions 138
6.5 Means scores for reactions dimensions in experimental
conditions 139
6.6 Means for recall indices in experimental conditions 143
6.7 Means for ratings indices in experimental conditions 144
6.8 Means for reactions dimensions across recall conditions 144
6.9 Correlations between ratings and affect across conditions 148
|
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| indexdate | 2024-12-20T10:17:59Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0415112516 |
| language | English |
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| physical | XIII, 224 S. |
| publishDate | 1996 |
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| series2 | Peoples and organizations |
| spellingShingle | De Nisi, Angelo S. A cognitive approach to performance appraisal a program of research Cognitive psychology Employees Rating of Psychology, Industrial Leistungsbeurteilung (DE-588)4139370-3 gnd Informationsbeschaffung (DE-588)4132784-6 gnd Leistungsbewertung (DE-588)4167271-9 gnd Management (DE-588)4037278-9 gnd Arbeitspsychologie (DE-588)4002767-3 gnd |
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| title | A cognitive approach to performance appraisal a program of research |
| title_auth | A cognitive approach to performance appraisal a program of research |
| title_exact_search | A cognitive approach to performance appraisal a program of research |
| title_full | A cognitive approach to performance appraisal a program of research Angelo S. DeNisi |
| title_fullStr | A cognitive approach to performance appraisal a program of research Angelo S. DeNisi |
| title_full_unstemmed | A cognitive approach to performance appraisal a program of research Angelo S. DeNisi |
| title_short | A cognitive approach to performance appraisal |
| title_sort | a cognitive approach to performance appraisal a program of research |
| title_sub | a program of research |
| topic | Cognitive psychology Employees Rating of Psychology, Industrial Leistungsbeurteilung (DE-588)4139370-3 gnd Informationsbeschaffung (DE-588)4132784-6 gnd Leistungsbewertung (DE-588)4167271-9 gnd Management (DE-588)4037278-9 gnd Arbeitspsychologie (DE-588)4002767-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Cognitive psychology Employees Rating of Psychology, Industrial Leistungsbeurteilung Informationsbeschaffung Leistungsbewertung Management Arbeitspsychologie Hochschulschrift |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007927673&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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