Planetary volcanism: a study of volcanic activity in the solar system
Gespeichert in:
| Beteilige Person: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Chichester [u.a.]
Wiley [u.a.]
1996
|
| Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Wiley-Praxis series in astronomy and astrophysics
|
| Schlagwörter: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=007535006&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Umfang: | XXIV, 417 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0471960519 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819261885429579776 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | PLANETARY VOLCANISM
A Study of Volcanic Activity in the Solar System
Second edition
Peter Cattermole
Department of Earth Sciences
University of Sheffield
JOHN WILEY amp; SONS
Chichester • New York • Brisbane • Toronto • Singapore
Published in association with
PRAXIS PUBLISHING
Chichester
Table of Contents
Author s Preface xi
Acknowledgements xiii
List of Plates xv
List of Tables xxiii
1 Introduction 1
1 1 The Sun s family 1
1 2 Planetary crusts 1
1 3 Of planets and plates 2
1 4 What is volcanism? 3
1 5 The study of volcanoes 4
1 6 Comparative volcanology 5
1 7 Remote-sensing and geological exploration 6
Colour plate Section comes between 1 and 2
2 The making of planets 9
2 1 The solar nebula 9
2 2 Primordial materials 12
2 3 Planetary accretion 15
2 4 Planetary heating 16
2 5 Mantle segregation and convection 21
2 6 Lithospheres 22
3 The generation and evolution of magmas 24
3 1 The production of magma 24
3 2 Mantle source rocks and partial melts 28
3 3 Magmatic evolution 31
331 Fractional crystallization 32
332 Major element behaviour 33
333 Trace elements and isotopes 36
3 4 Fractionation in the solar system 38
3 5 Epilogue 41
4 Magma ascent and eruption 43
4 1 Melt formation at depth 43
4 2 Magma ascent 44
vi Table of Contents
4 3 Types of volcanic eruption 48
4 4 Controls on the rise and effusion rates of magmas 50
4 5 The role of volatiles 52
451 Eruption clouds 54
452 Phreatomagmatic eruptions 56
4 6 Rates and amounts of magma generation on planets 58
5 The rheological properties and behaviour of volcanic flows 60
5 1 Rheological concepts 61
5 2 Volcanic flows as Bingham liquids 62
5 3 Viscosity 65
5 4 Flow behaviour 67
5 5 Magma discharge rates 73
5 6 The cooling of lava flows 74
5 7 Latent heat of crystallization effects 76
5 8 Rheological analysis of volcanic flows 77
581 Quantitative models 78
582 Yield strength models 79
583 The derivation of effusion rate 80
5 9 Estimates of Viscosity 82
5 10 Rheological data 83
5 10 1 Yield strength and viscosity 83
5 10 2 Effusion rate and flow duration 83
5 10 3 Analysis of quantitative data 86
5 10 4 Rheology and lava composition 91
5 11 Pyroclastic flows 93
5 12 Lahars (mudflows) 95
5 13 Sulphur flows 95
6 Volcanic landforms 97
6 1 The diversity of volcanic landforms 97
6 2 Flood lavas 100
6 3 Shield volcanoes 105
6 4 Paterae 107
6 5 Volcanic cones 109
6 6 Volcanic domes and tholoids 112
6 7 Pyroclastic flows 112
6 8 Coronae, novae and arachnoids 116
6 9 Maars 116
7 Volcanic plains and their development 117
7 1 Basalts of the Earth s oceanic plains 117
7 2 Terrestrial continental flood basalts 120
721 Iceland 121
722 Greenland and the North Atlantic Province 123
Table of Contents vii
723 The Columbia River Plateau 125
724 Other flood basalt provinces 128
725 Characteristics of terrestrial flood lava sequences 130
7 3 Continental Rifts 130
731 The East African Rift 130
732 The Rio Grande Rift 132
733 Continental rifts - the wider context 133
7 4 Mercurian plains volcanism 135
7 5 Volcanic plains on Venus 137
751 Venus: general physiography 138
752 Local surface composition and characteristics 141
753 Volcanic nature of the Venusian plains 141
754 Age of Venusian plains 148
755 Eruption characteristics on Venus 148
756 Flowfields and lava channel systems 149
757 Distribution and characteristics of small volcanic structures 155
7 6 Lunar volcanic plains 159
7 7 Volcanic plains on Mars 160
771 Noachian plateau plains - the cratering record 162
772 Plateau plains - morphological characteristics 163
773 Hesperian-age ridged plains 164
774 Significance of plains ridges 166
775 Hesperian-age flow plains 171
776 Tempe Terra volcanic province 174
777 Volcanic plains of Amazonis, Memnonia and Aeolis 176
778 Amazonian volcanic plains 177
779 The northern plains of Mars 177
7 7 10 Summary 177
Lunar volcanism 179
8 1 Highland volcanism 179
811 KREEP 180
812 Fra Mauro Basalts 181
813 The KREEP-rich Apollo 15 rocks 183
814 Pre-Imbrium KREEP-rich flood volcanism 184
815 Age and origin of KREEP 186
8 2 Highland volcanic features 188
821 The Cayley and Descartes Formations 189
822 Other highland volcanic structures 192
8 3 Mare volcanism 195
831 Thickness of mare deposits 197
832 Mapping and subdivision*of mare units 200
833 Galileo multispectral data (Clementine mission) 203
834 Dark mantling deposits 209
835 Sequence of lava emplacement 209
viii Table of Contents
836 Petrology and geochemistry of mare basalts 211
837 Petrogenesis of mare basalts 214
8 4 Emplacement of mare lavas: morphological evidence 215
841 The morphology of lunar flows 216
842 Sinuous rilles 222
843 Domes, low shields and other volcanic complexes 225
844 Mare arches and ridges (wrinkle ridges) 231
845 Dark mantling materials 236
846 Mare filling as exemplified by the Orientale Basin 237
9 Shield volcanoes and terrestrial examples 243
9 1 Introduction 243
9 2 General characteristics of terrestrial shields 244
9 3 The Hawaiian shields 246
931 Growth cycle of a typical shield 249
932 Petrological history of Hawaiian volcanoes 254
933 Genesis of Hawaiian-type shields 256
9 4 Caldera formation and other summit activity 257
10 Martian central volcanism 261
10 1 Distribution of central volcanoes 261
10 2 Classification of volcano types 263
10 3 Ages of central volcanoes on Mars 264
10 4 Tharsis and Elysium - gravity and tectonics 265
10 5 The Tharsis volcanic rise 267
10 5 1 The Tharsis Montes 268
10 5 2 Olympus Mons 275
10 5 3 Older Tharsis volcanoes 280
10 5 4 Alba Patera 285
10 6 The Elysium volcanic rise 294
10 6 1 The Elysium shields 294
10 6 2 Apollinaris Patera 297
10 7 Highland Paterae of the Hellas Region 298
10 7 1 Amphitrites Patera 299
10 7 2 Hadriaca Patera 299
10 7 3 Tyrrhena Patera 302
10 7 4 Implications for early patera volcanism 304
10 8 Temporal sequence of Martian central volcanism 305
10 9 Controls on Martian volcanism 306
11 Central volcanism on Venus 309
11 1 Distribution of large volcanic structures on Venus 310
11 2 Morphology of Venusian shield volcanoes 310
11 2 1 Intermediate-sized volcanoes 310
11 2 2 Large volcanic shields , 311
Table of Contents ix
11 2 3 Coronae and related structures 315
11 2 4 Pancake domes and related features 323
11 3 Volcanic rises 325
11 3 1 The volcanic rise of Beta Regio 325
11 3 2 The volcanic rise of Atla Regio 328
11 3 3 The volcanic rises of Eistla Regio 331
11 3 4 The volcanic rises of Bell and Phoebe Regiones 335
11 3 5 Western Ishtar Terra 338
11 4 Controls on centralized volcanism 339
11 4 1 Structure of interior and lithosphere of Venus 340
11 4 2 Magma uprise and plume activity on Venus 343
11 4 3 Magma reservoirs and Neutral Buoyancy Zones 347
11 4 4 Age of volcanism and resurfacing on Venus 348
11 5 Epilogue 350
12 Volcanism on Io 351
12 1 Surface composition of Io 351
12 2 Surface features on Io 353
12 2 1 Mountain massifs 354
12 2 2 Plains and intervent flows 355
12 2 3 Vent materials 357
12 3 Volcanic plumes 362
12 4 The role of silicates and sulphur on Io 362
12 5 Interior structure of Io 366
13 Volcanism on icy satellites 367
13 1 Ice and rock Lithospheres and asthenospheres 367
13 2 Cryovolcanism 368
13 3 The Jovian satellites 369
13 3 1 Europa 370
13 3 2 Ganymede 371
13 3 3 Callisto 372
13 4 The satellites of Saturn and Uranus 372
13 4 1 Dione and Tethys 373
13 4 2 Ariel and Titania 375
13 4 3 Miranda 376
13 5 Satellites of Neptune 378
13 5 1 Triton 378
Appendix 1 382
Appendix 2 387
References , 388
Index 411
|
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| spellingShingle | Cattermole, Peter John 1939- Planetary volcanism a study of volcanic activity in the solar system Activité volcanique Activité volcanique - Prévision ram Géologie Planète Planètes - Géologie ram Système solaire ram Volcanisme ram Vulcanismo larpcal Vulkanisme gtt Planetary volcanism Planet (DE-588)4046212-2 gnd Vulkanismus (DE-588)4064081-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4046212-2 (DE-588)4064081-4 |
| title | Planetary volcanism a study of volcanic activity in the solar system |
| title_auth | Planetary volcanism a study of volcanic activity in the solar system |
| title_exact_search | Planetary volcanism a study of volcanic activity in the solar system |
| title_full | Planetary volcanism a study of volcanic activity in the solar system Peter Cattermole |
| title_fullStr | Planetary volcanism a study of volcanic activity in the solar system Peter Cattermole |
| title_full_unstemmed | Planetary volcanism a study of volcanic activity in the solar system Peter Cattermole |
| title_short | Planetary volcanism |
| title_sort | planetary volcanism a study of volcanic activity in the solar system |
| title_sub | a study of volcanic activity in the solar system |
| topic | Activité volcanique Activité volcanique - Prévision ram Géologie Planète Planètes - Géologie ram Système solaire ram Volcanisme ram Vulcanismo larpcal Vulkanisme gtt Planetary volcanism Planet (DE-588)4046212-2 gnd Vulkanismus (DE-588)4064081-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Activité volcanique Activité volcanique - Prévision Géologie Planète Planètes - Géologie Système solaire Volcanisme Vulcanismo Vulkanisme Planetary volcanism Planet Vulkanismus Solar system |
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