The history of the high authority of the European Coal and Steel Community: supranationality in operation
Gespeichert in:
| Beteiligte Personen: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London
Weidenfeld and Nicolson
1994
|
| Schlagwörter: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=005912743&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Umfang: | XXIV, 686 S. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 0297821725 |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The history of the high authority of the European Coal and Steel Community |b supranationality in operation |c Dirk Spierenburg and Raymond Poidevin |
| 264 | 1 | |a London |b Weidenfeld and Nicolson |c 1994 | |
| 300 | |a XXIV, 686 S. |b Ill. | ||
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| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1950-1967 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Den Europæiske Kul- og Stålunion | |
| 650 | 4 | |a EKSF | |
| 651 | 4 | |a International | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Poidevin, Raymond |d 1928-2000 |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)119367602 |4 aut | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819303228223782912 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Foreword by Jacques Delors, President of the European Commission xvii
Preface and Acknowledgements xxi
Introduction i
PART I
Negotiations among the Six
Chapter i The Paris negotiations 9
After the bombshell of 9 May 1950 9
The search for a compromise 14
Pressure of political and economic issues 19
The Paris Treaty 23
The role of American diplomacy 26
Chapter 2 The final problems 29
Industrial reaction 29
The ratification debates 32
Battle over the site 34
PART II
The Jean Monnet presidency:
First tentative steps and achievements (1952 1955)
Chapter 3 The High Authority in Luxembourg 43
The European context 43
The extent of the High Authority s tasks 45
How the work was organized 49
The nine members of the High Authority 50
viii Contents
The establishment of Community bodies 57
Relations with the member states 67
The High Authority sets about organizing its workload 70
Staff recruitment 75
Chapter 4 The common market: a difficult birth 79
The High Authority launches the common market for coal 79
The question of prices 80
Indirect taxes 83
Coal policy 86
Cartel and price policy 89
Reform of the Georg? 94
Problems in the common market for steel 100
Promoting free competition 101
The special steels issue 112
The scrap problem 114
Market conditions 114
A clash of views 116
The problems of market regulation 117
Relations between the High Authority and the OCCF and the CPFI 121
Consequences of increasing demand for scrap 124
Chapter 5 Common policies: the early days 130
Financial policy 130
Discussions on the levy 130
The American loan 135
First steps towards an investment policy 144
The transport problem 151
Abolishing discrimination 152
Inland waterways 154
International through rates 156
Mergers 165
Scope of Article 66 165
A cautious High Authority 166
The High Authority resolves to let the member states settle their differences 170
Outlines of a social policy 175
Chapter 6 External relations 186
Relations with international organizations 187
GATT 187
OEEC 191
Council of Europe 197
Association with the United Kingdom 201
A period of indecision 202
The High Authority s proposals and reactions to them 206
Contents ix
Negotiations speed up 210
Relations with other third countries 219
Chapter 7 Monnet s resignation 228
Reasons 228
Dealings behind the scenes 230
The choice of Rene Mayer 236
PART III
The presidency of Rene Mayer:
consolidation and uncertainties (1955 1957)
Chapter 8 The new President and institutional and
administrative consolidation 241
Rene Mayer 242
Institutional continuity 244
The administrative organization 246
Chapter 9 The High Authority and tension on the coal
market 252
Supply problems 252
Discussion of a stockpiling policy 255
Price policy 255
The reform of cartels 261
Georg 261
Cobechar 266
The Oberrheinische Kohlenunion 266
ATIC 267
Chapter 10 The High Authority and the problems posed by the
boom in steel production 273
The High Authority takes little action on the steel market 273
The effects of the boom 273
Price policy 275
Discussions on the harmonization of economic policies 276
The harmonization of customs duties 278
The scrap shortage 281
The High Authority and the shortage of scrap 281
How to economize on scrap 282
Difficulties in adopting a new system 284
America s attitude 289
A realistic mergers policy 291
The High Authority s means of action 291
The High Authority and the reconcentration of German industry 293
x Contents
Chapter n The search for compromises on transport 296
Rhine transport: the High Authority has limited success on freight rates 296
Road transport: deadlock 304
Special railway tariffs: the status quo 308
Chapter 12 Significant successes 310
A very dynamic financial policy 310
The reduction in the levy 310
The investment of available funds 312
The big loans 313
The Swiss loan 313
A second US loan 315
Third US loan 317
The development of investments: the funding of industrial projects and workers
housing 317
Caution about providing information and giving opinions 318
The funding of industrial projects following the contracting of big loans 321
The funding of workers housing 323
Social progress 325
Readaptation aid for redundant workers 325
Discussion on occupational training 330
Towards a European convention on social security for migrant workers 331
The financing of research in the field of industrial health and medicine 332
Introducing the five day week 333
A partial success: the conference on safety in mines 335
Chapter 13 Successes and disappointments in the international
arena 339
The High Authority and European revival 339
Improvement and broadening of relations with international bodies 344
The Agreement of Association with the United Kingdom 350
Agreements with neighbouring European states 355
The strengthening of links with the United States 361
Chapter 14 The resignations of Mayer and Etzel 365
PART IV
The Paul Finet presidency:
crisis (1958 1959)
Chapter 15 The High Authority seeks to maintain its role 373
A weakened college? 373
The High Authority and the attraction of the new Communities 377
^onienn xi
Administrative problems 377
Co operation with the EEC and Euratom 380
The appointment of a new college 385
Difficulties with non member countries 387
The High Authority and the British plan for a free trade zone 388
Difficult relations with the United States 392
Chapter 16 The coal crisis 395
The search for answers to the crisis 396
Indirect action by the High Authority 397
Inadequate proposals 400
Measures taken by Germany 402
Manifest crisis? 404
Aid to Belgium stepped up 415
Chapter 17 The last difficulties in the market for scrap 418
The abolition of the equalization system 418
The evolution of the market after 1958 422
The scrap fraud 423
The High Authority s reaction 424
The outcome of the inquiries 427
Chapter 18 Delicate matters 432
Prices and concerted practices in the market for steel 432
French pricing policy and its repercussions 433
The High Authority up against new Franco German defiance? 437
Anti cartel policy 439
The ATIC 439
The OKU 441
The sales organizations in the Ruhr 442
Transport policy: journey without end 445
Road transport 445
Inland waterway transport 449
The Rhine agreement 449
The waterways to the west of the Rhine 450
Special railway freight rates 452
Chapter 19 Existing policies maintained 455
The High Authority and the German Konzerne 455
A stable financial policy 458
A new American loan 458
Levy kept at 0.35 per cent 461
Continuity in social policy 461
Policy on workers housing carried forward 462
A growing number of requests for readaptation assistance 463
xii Contents
PART V
The Piero Malvestiti presidency:
a watershed (1959 1963)
Chapter 20 Changes at the High Authority 469
New faces 469
A second wind? 473
Ups and downs on the road to European unification 474
Reallocation of portfolios 476
Reorganization and continuity at senior administrative level 479
Chapter 21 Coal: the crisis continues 487
Imports from third countries 488
Attempts at rationalization 489
Mine closures 489
Subsidies 490
The Rationalisierungsverband 491
Belgium: an intractable problem 492
Isolation of the Belgian market 493
The Directoire de I industrie charbonniere beige 498
Belgian subsidies 502
Towards a common energy policy? 503
Difficulties to overcome 503
The High Authority s proposals 504
Chapter 22 The High Authority s anti cartel policies 509
The Ruhr coal cartel 509
The German request for a unified cartel 509
Attempt at a minor revision 514
Competition in the Ruhr? 517
COBECHAR 521
Buyers cartels 522
TheATIC 522
Access to the Ruhr 523
The Oberrheinische Kohlenunion 523
Chapter 23 Developments in the steel market 525
Events leading to High Authority intervention 525
French steel prices 525
Optimism at the High Authority 526
Towards protectionism in the steel market 527
The High Authority s policy on concentrations 530
August Thyssen Hiitte Phoenix Rheinrohr: failure of the first attempt 530
ATH Phoenix: the second attempt 534
Other German mergers 536
Sidmar 537
Chapter 24 Matters old and new 539
Financial resources 539
External loans 540
Loans raised on Community markets 544
Reduction in the levy 545
Growing social responsibilities 547
Aid for readaptation and industrial redevelopment projects 547
New workers housing programmes 552
Transport: price transparency 554
Negotiations on British membership 557
Relations with French speaking Africa 562
PART VI
The Rinaldo Del Bo presidency:
the twilight years (1963 1967)
Chapter 25 The High Authority on the defensive 567
A governing President 567
Del Bo 567
Discontent in the High Authority 568
Storm clouds on the economic and social horizon 570
Political crises on the European scene 571
The President sets his objectives 572
The High Authority and the merger of the Executives 573
The High Authority s points of view 573
An end to illusions 575
Chapter 26 External relations 577
Agreements and difficulties with non Community countries 577
Difficulties with London and Vienna 577
Agreements on the exchange of information with Japan and Sweden 579
Coolness between the United States and the High Authority 580
A cautious approach to Africa 581
Overtures to Latin America 583
The Kennedy Round 584
The role of the High Authority in the preparatory stage 585
Tariff negotiations in Geneva: the High Authority seeks a compromise 587
xiv Contents
Chapter 27 Crisis in the steel industry 590
Raising customs duties 591
The price crisis 594
Indecision in the High Authority 595
Chapter 28 The rapid decline of coal 600
Problems in abeyance 600
Failure of a Community energy policy and the Protocol of April 1964 601
Towards a reduction in coal output 604
Subsidies 604
A new coal policy? 606
Aid for sales of coking coal 609
A final attempt to frame a common policy 612
Chapter 29 Other social and economic issues 615
The High Authority authorizes cartels and concentrations 615
Coal cartels 615
A new fa9ade: monitoring the Ruhr sales agencies 615
Other agreements concerning the coal market 617
Steel cartels 619
Concentrations 620
Satisfaction at the High Authority over progress in the field of transport 623
Compromise with The Hague 623
Application of the ig6i recommendation 625
The need to increase resources 627
Loans placed exclusively in Europe 627
Increase in the levy 629
The High Authority faces serious social problems 631
A sixth building programme 631
Elaboration of an industrial redevelopment policy 632
Increase in readaptation aid 635
New research in the social sphere 637
Chapter 30 A difficult end 639
Changes among the senior officials 639
The replacement of Directors and Directors General 639
The eternal problem of the distribution according to nationality 642
The workings of the joint services 643
The co opting of Fohrmann and the problem of renewal 644
Del Bo s resignation 645
Contents xi
CONCLUSION 649
Abbreviations 657
Sources 660
Bibliography 668
Index of names 678
|
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| author | Spierenburg, Dierk Peter Poidevin, Raymond 1928-2000 |
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| dewey-sort | 3382.9142 |
| dewey-tens | 380 - Commerce, communications, transportation |
| discipline | Rechtswissenschaft Geschichte Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
| era | Geschichte 1950-1967 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1950-1967 |
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| geographic | International |
| geographic_facet | International |
| id | DE-604.BV008958419 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-20T09:29:28Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0297821725 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-005912743 |
| oclc_num | 463713352 |
| open_access_boolean | |
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| owner_facet | DE-739 DE-M352 DE-706 DE-384 DE-11 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| physical | XXIV, 686 S. Ill. |
| psigel | HUB-retro |
| publishDate | 1994 |
| publishDateSearch | 1994 |
| publishDateSort | 1994 |
| publisher | Weidenfeld and Nicolson |
| record_format | marc |
| spellingShingle | Spierenburg, Dierk Peter Poidevin, Raymond 1928-2000 The history of the high authority of the European Coal and Steel Community supranationality in operation Europäische Gemeinschaft für Kohle und Stahl Hohe Behörde (DE-588)2009700-1 gnd Den Europæiske Kul- og Stålunion EKSF |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)2009700-1 |
| title | The history of the high authority of the European Coal and Steel Community supranationality in operation |
| title_auth | The history of the high authority of the European Coal and Steel Community supranationality in operation |
| title_exact_search | The history of the high authority of the European Coal and Steel Community supranationality in operation |
| title_full | The history of the high authority of the European Coal and Steel Community supranationality in operation Dirk Spierenburg and Raymond Poidevin |
| title_fullStr | The history of the high authority of the European Coal and Steel Community supranationality in operation Dirk Spierenburg and Raymond Poidevin |
| title_full_unstemmed | The history of the high authority of the European Coal and Steel Community supranationality in operation Dirk Spierenburg and Raymond Poidevin |
| title_short | The history of the high authority of the European Coal and Steel Community |
| title_sort | the history of the high authority of the european coal and steel community supranationality in operation |
| title_sub | supranationality in operation |
| topic | Europäische Gemeinschaft für Kohle und Stahl Hohe Behörde (DE-588)2009700-1 gnd Den Europæiske Kul- og Stålunion EKSF |
| topic_facet | Europäische Gemeinschaft für Kohle und Stahl Hohe Behörde Den Europæiske Kul- og Stålunion EKSF International |
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