Research methods and the new media:
Gespeichert in:
| Beteiligte Personen: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York
Free Pr. u.a.
1988
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Series in communication technology and society
|
| Schlagwörter: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=000794686&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Umfang: | XII, 212 S. |
| ISBN: | 0029353327 0029353319 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Research Methods
and the New Media
Frederick Williams
Ronald E Rice
Everett M Rogers
THE FREE PRESS
A Division of Macmillan, Inc
NEW YORK
Collier Macmillan Publishers
LONDON
Contents
Preface xi
PART i Perspectives on Research on the New Media
1 DISTINCTIONS IN THE STUDY OF NEW MEDIA 3
The New Media 3
New Media—Components and Combinations 5
Telecommunications 5
Computing 7
New Service Applications 8
Special Qualities of New Media 10
Three Dimensions 10
Some Distinctions of New Media Research 13
The Research Challenge 14
Summary 15
2 TRENDS IN THE STUDY OF NEW MEDIA 16
The Influence of Communication Media on Research 16
The Media and Research Traditions • 17
The Sequence of Media 17
Children and Media 19
Communication Theories and Media 21
The Direction of Communication Research 23
Paths Not Taken 25
Communication Policy Analysis 27
Expanding the Study of Media Technologies 28
Summary 30
VI
Contents vii
3 CHOOSING AMONG ALTERNATIVE RESEARCH DESIGNS
Conflicts Over Research Methods
Conventional Approaches
Mathematical Modeling
Controlled Experiments
Quasi-experiments
Surveys
Longitudinal Studies
Field Studies
Archival and Secondary Resarch
Futures Research and Forecasting
Content Analysis
Case Studies
Focus Groups
Assumptions and Criticisms of Conventional and Positivist
Approaches
Alternative to Conventional Research Methods and Designs
Sources and Rationales
Interpretive Approach
Contextualism
Action Research
Criteria for Choosing Among Designs and Methods
A Triangulation Example in the Study of Word Processing
Summary
Notes
PART n Problems and Solutions for Research 53
VALIDITY, RELIABILITY, AND SAMPLING
Requirements of Research Designs
A Case Study of Teletext Research
Elements of Research Design
Validity
Reliability
c
Sampling
Studying the New Media Over Time
Need for a Temporal Perspective
Choices in Over-time Research
Problems in Studying New Media Over Time
Summary
Notes
ADOPTION OF NEW MEDIA
The Imnortance of Interactivity
viii CONTENTS
What Is the Diffusion Paradigm? 70
The Critical Mass in the Adoption of Interactive Media 72
Adoption of Computer-Mediated Communication Systems 75
Implications of the Critical Mass Concept for Research
Methods 77
Forecasting the Diffusion of New Media 79
An Emphasis on Prediction 79
The Failure of Videodisc Players 79
Centers of Forecasting Research 80
How Accurate Are Forecasts? 81
How Is the Rate of Adoption Forecast? 84
Why Are Certain Forecasting Methods More Accurate? 87
Can 2 Million French People Be Wrong? 88
Summary 89
6 USING COMPUTER-MONITORED DATA 91
Automating Data Collection 91
Characteristics of Computer-Monitored Data 92
Advantages for Validity and Reliability 92
Comparing Computer-Monitored Data to Self-Report
Data 93
Research Uses of Computer-Monitored Data 94
Monitoring and Initiating 94
Types of Data and Research Design Elements 95
An Example Showing a Combination of Uses 97
Retesting the Erie County Study with Computer-
Monitored Surveys 98
Merging Computer-Monitored Data with Questionnaire Data 100
Data Combinations 100
Problems 100
Merging the Data 102
Results 103
Summary 104
7 STRATEGIES FOR STUDYING CASES 106
Why Do a Case Study? 106
What Defines a Case Study? 106
Microcomputers in the Schools: A Case Study Example 109
Background and Problem 109
Method 110
Results 111
General Steps for Designing a Case Study 113
1 Specify the Need for a Case Study 113
2 Define the Unit of Analysis 113
Contents ix
3 Plan Data-Gathering and Analyses 114
4 Carry Out the Research Plan 115
Summary 116
8 IMPLEMENTING FORMATIVE EVALUATION 117
A Developmental Approach 117
Characteristics of Formative Evaluation 119
Background 119
Evaluation as a Research Focus 120
Formative as Against Summative Evaluation 121
Practical Benefits 122
Uses with New Media 123
Steps in Formative Evaluation 124
1 Define Objectives 124
2 Select the Scope of the Research 125
3 Select Data-Gathering Methods 126
4 Analyze Results and Provide Feedback 128
Formative Evaluation as Mass Communications Research 129
Summary 130
9 EVALUATING COSTS AND BENEFITS 131
Return on Investment 131
Methods for Costs Analyses 132
Types of Analyses 132
Applications to New Media 133
Major Steps in a Cost Analysis 141
1 Define the Problem 141
2 Select the Analysis Method 142
3 Gather Data 142
4 Conduct Analysis and Draw Conclusions 143
Beyond Cost Analyses 143
Summary 145
10 MEASURING PRODUCTIVITY 146
Going Beyond Costs and Benefits 146
Productivity as Efficiency Ratios 147
Basic Production Ratios 147
Ratios of Revenues Relative to Personnel or Technology 149
Retum-on-Investment Ratios 150
Ratios Relative to Value Added 150
More on the Value-Added Concept 151
Examples of Productivity Analyses 153
Basic Cost-Benefit Analysis 153
Value Added 154
Capital-Labor Trade-off 157
x CONTENTS
New Media as Strategic Investment 157
Selecting Options 157
Gaining Competitive Advantage 157
Summary 160
PART m New Considerations 161
11 NEW THEORETICAL APPROACHES 163
The Need for New Theory 163
The Networks and New Media 163
Network Paradigm, Data, Measures, and Methods 163
Influence of Networks on Adoption of Computer Systems 166
Interaction and Involvement 169
Hie Nature of Interactivity 169
Psychological Involvement and Interactive Videodiscs 170
Social Involvement and Parasocial Interaction 173
Summary 174
12 ISSUES OF ETHICS AND IDEOLOGY 176
Human Costs and Benfits 176
Research with Human Subjects 177
Background 177
The Belmont Report 178
Institutional General Assurance 179
Practical Notes 180
Privacy as an Example of an Ethical Issue 181
Making Private Information Public 181
Personal Privacy 183
Protecting Privacy in Research 185
Equity as an Example of an Ethical Issue 185
Summary 187
Appendix: On-line Data-base Services 189
References 193
Index 207
|
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| dewey-tens | 000 - Computer science, information, general works 300 - Social sciences |
| discipline | Allgemeines Soziologie |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV001315627 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-20T07:34:14Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0029353327 0029353319 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-000794686 |
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| physical | XII, 212 S. |
| publishDate | 1988 |
| publishDateSearch | 1988 |
| publishDateSort | 1988 |
| publisher | Free Pr. u.a. |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Series in communication technology and society |
| spellingShingle | Williams, Frederick Rice, Ronald E. Rogers, Everett M. 1931-2004 Research methods and the new media Communicatiewetenschap gtt Médias - Innovations Médias - Recherche - Méthodologie Onderzoeksmethoden gtt Massenmedien Mass media Research Methodology Mass media Technological innovations Neue Medien (DE-588)4196910-8 gnd Massenmedien (DE-588)4037877-9 gnd Forschungsmethode (DE-588)4155046-8 gnd Technische Innovation (DE-588)4431027-4 gnd Telekommunikation (DE-588)4059360-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4196910-8 (DE-588)4037877-9 (DE-588)4155046-8 (DE-588)4431027-4 (DE-588)4059360-5 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Research methods and the new media |
| title_auth | Research methods and the new media |
| title_exact_search | Research methods and the new media |
| title_full | Research methods and the new media Frederick Williams ; Ronald E. Rice ; Everett M. Rogers |
| title_fullStr | Research methods and the new media Frederick Williams ; Ronald E. Rice ; Everett M. Rogers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Research methods and the new media Frederick Williams ; Ronald E. Rice ; Everett M. Rogers |
| title_short | Research methods and the new media |
| title_sort | research methods and the new media |
| topic | Communicatiewetenschap gtt Médias - Innovations Médias - Recherche - Méthodologie Onderzoeksmethoden gtt Massenmedien Mass media Research Methodology Mass media Technological innovations Neue Medien (DE-588)4196910-8 gnd Massenmedien (DE-588)4037877-9 gnd Forschungsmethode (DE-588)4155046-8 gnd Technische Innovation (DE-588)4431027-4 gnd Telekommunikation (DE-588)4059360-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Communicatiewetenschap Médias - Innovations Médias - Recherche - Méthodologie Onderzoeksmethoden Massenmedien Mass media Research Methodology Mass media Technological innovations Neue Medien Forschungsmethode Technische Innovation Telekommunikation Aufsatzsammlung |
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