Firewood energy in Sierra Leone - production, marketing, and household use patterns:
Gespeichert in:
| Beteilige Person: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Hamburg
Verl. Weltarchiv
1986
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Studien zur integrierten ländlichen Entwicklung
9 |
| Schlagwörter: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=000324200&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Beschreibung: | Zugl.: Diss. |
| Umfang: | XV, 227 S. |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Titel: Firewood energy in Sierra Leone - production, marketing, and household use patterns
Autor: Kamara, James N.
Jahr: 1986
CONTENTS
FOREWORD ................................................ v
THE AUTHOR ............................................ vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................... viii
LIST OF TABLES ....................................... xiii
LIST OF FIGURES ...................................... xiv
LIST OF APPENDICES ................................... xv
1 INTRODUCTION ................................... 1
1.1 Statement of Problem ........................... 1
1.2 Objectives of the Study ........................ 2
1.3 Plan of the Study .............................. 5
2 THE ENERGY SITUATION, ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK AND
DATA COLLECTION ................................ 7
2.1 The Current Energy Situation in Sierra Leone ... 7
2.1.1 Household Energy Classification ................ 7
2.1.2 Fossil Energy and Electricity ................. 10
2.1.3 Hydro-Electric Power Potential ................ 14
2.1.4 Firewood Energy ............................... 15
2.1.5 Solar Energy and Wind Power ................... 16
2.1.6 Other Energy Sources .......................... 18
2.2 Analytical Framework .......................... 19
2.2.1 Hypotheses .................................... 19
2.2.2 Household Energy Consumption Behaviour ........ 19
2.2.3 The Dependent Variable ........................ 23
2.2.4 The Independent Variables ..................... 23
2.2.5 Models used and Functional Forms .............. 27
2.2.6 Firewood Market Analysis ...................... 28
2.2.7 Firewood Collection Analysis .................. 30
2.3 Study Areas and Data Collection ............... 33
2.3.1 Rural Areas .................................... 33
2.3.2 Urban Areas .................................... 37
2.3.3 Sampling Technique ............................. 38
2.3.4 Questionnaires and Data Collection ............. 39
2.3.5 Field Data Problems ............................ 40
3 ENERGY CONSUMPTION ............................. 45
3.1 Household Socio-economic Profile ............... 45
3.1.1 Household Unit and Economic Characteristics .... 45
3.1.2 General Household Expenditure .................. 49
3.2 Household Energy Consumption ................... 51
3.2.1 Volume of Firewood Consumption ................. 53
3.2.1.1 Household Dependence on Firewood Energy ........ 56
3.2.1.2 Firewood Energy Use Patterns ................... 61
3.2.2 Charcoal Energy ................................ 67
3.2.3 Kerosene ....................................... 69
3.2.4 Electricity .................................... 69
3.2.5 Liquefied Petroleum Gas ........................ 70
3.3 Determinants of Energy Consumption ............. 71
3.3.1 Zero-Order Correlation Matrics ................. 71
3.3.2 Explanatory Power of the Regressions ........... 76
4 RURAL AND URBAN FIREWOOD MARKETING ............. 83
4.1 Introduction ................................... 83
4.2 Characteristics of the Rural Firewood Market ... 85
4.3 Structure of Urban Firewood Market ............. 87
4.3.1 Characteristics of Urban Firewood Sellers ...... 87
4.3.2 Firewood Marketing Channels .................... 90
4.3.3 Costs and Returns of Urban Firewood Selling .... 93
4.3.3.1 Capital Investment ............................. 93
4.3.3.2 Operating Costs ................................ 95
4.3.3.3 Returns to Firewood Entrepreneurship ........... 98
4.3.4 Zonation of Urban Firewood Supplies ........... 102
4.4 Role of the Firewood Market in the Economy .... 106
4.4.1 Firewood Price in Relation to other Energy
Sources ....................................... 106
4.4.2 Prospects for Urban Employment Generation ..... 111
5 FARM LEVEL FIREWOOD PRODUCTION ................ 113
5.1 Characteristics of Firewood Producers ......... 113
5.1.1 Age Characteristics ........................... 113
5.1.2 Size of Household Characteristics ............. 115
5.2 The Role of Firewood in the Rural Household ... 116
5.2.1 General Perceptions of Firewood ............... 116
5.2.2 Family Labour in Firewood Procurement ......... 117
5.2.3 Seasonality of Firewood Labour in Relation to
Labour Use on the Traditional Upland Rice Farm 122
5.2.4 Energetics of Firewood Collection ............ 126
5.2.5 Costs and Returns to Firewood Collection versus
the Traditional Upland Rice Farm .............. 129
5.2.5.1 Stock of Productive Resources in Firewood Col-
lection and Upland Rice Cultivation ........... 130
5.2.5.2 Output from Firewood Collection and Upland Rice
Farm Cultivation .............................. 133
5.3 Determinants of Firewood Collection ........... 136
5.4 Associated Externalities of Firewood Collection 140
5.4.1 Social Organisation of Farming and Farming
Systems ....................................... 140
5.4.2 Firewood Collection and Soil Fertility Restora-
tion .......................................... 142
6 FIREWOOD ENERGY CONVERTER TECHNOLOGIES ........ 147
6.1 Firewood End-Use Technologies ................. 147
6.1.1 An Overview ................................... 147
6.1.2 The Open Fire ................................. 150
6.1.3 Problems of the Open Fire ..................... 151
6.1.4 The Shielded Metal Stove ...................... 153
6.2 Equity and Cultural Factors Conditioning the
Use of Energy End-Use Technologies ............ 154
6.2.1 Cost Comparison of Household Energy Converter
Stoves ........................................ 154
6.2.2 Socio-cultural Usage of Technology ............ 156
6.3 Firewood Energy Conservation .................. 157
6.3.1 Elimination of Wastage from the Popular Open
Fire .......................................... 157
6.3.2 Firewood Conservation Through Efficient Burning
Stoves ........................................ 159
6.3.3 Firewood Conservation Through Improved Charcoal
Production .................................... 165
6.3.4 Firewood Conservation Through Improvement of
Existing Forests .............................. 165
6.3.5 Conservation Through Firewood Production Systems 167
6.3.5.1 Social and Community Forestry ................. 167
6.3.5.2 Agroforestry .................................. 170
6.3.6 Firewood Conservation Through Non-Conventional
Substitutes ................................... 175
6.3.6.1 Biogas ........................................ 175
6.3.6.? Solar Energy .................................. 179
6.3.6.3 Wind Energy ................................... 183
6.3.6.4 Hydroelectric Power ........................... 184
7 FUTURE PERSPECTIVES OF FIREWOOD DEMAKD AND
SUPPLY, POLICY ISSUES AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FUR-
THER RESEARCH ................................. 187
7.1 Firewood Demand and Supply Scenarios .......... 187
7.2 Policy Issues ................................. 191
7.2.1 Household Energy Supply ....................... 191
7.2.2 Firewood Commercialization .................... 192
7.2.3 Firewood Production, Component Technology and
Conservation .................................. 193
7.3 Suggestions for Further Research .............. 196
8 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ....................... 199
BIBLIOGRAPHY .......................................... 205
APPENDICES ............................................ 219
|
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| geographic_facet | Sierra Leone |
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| physical | XV, 227 S. |
| publishDate | 1986 |
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| series | Studien zur integrierten ländlichen Entwicklung |
| series2 | Studien zur integrierten ländlichen Entwicklung |
| spellingShingle | Kamara, James N. Firewood energy in Sierra Leone - production, marketing, and household use patterns Studien zur integrierten ländlichen Entwicklung Landwirtschaft Agriculture Economic aspects Sierra Leone Energy consumption Sierra Leone Energy development Sierra Leone Fuelwood industry Sierra Leone Energieerzeugung (DE-588)4070813-5 gnd Brennstoff (DE-588)4008186-2 gnd Holz (DE-588)4025668-6 gnd Brennholz (DE-588)4008182-5 gnd |
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| title | Firewood energy in Sierra Leone - production, marketing, and household use patterns |
| title_auth | Firewood energy in Sierra Leone - production, marketing, and household use patterns |
| title_exact_search | Firewood energy in Sierra Leone - production, marketing, and household use patterns |
| title_full | Firewood energy in Sierra Leone - production, marketing, and household use patterns |
| title_fullStr | Firewood energy in Sierra Leone - production, marketing, and household use patterns |
| title_full_unstemmed | Firewood energy in Sierra Leone - production, marketing, and household use patterns |
| title_short | Firewood energy in Sierra Leone - production, marketing, and household use patterns |
| title_sort | firewood energy in sierra leone production marketing and household use patterns |
| topic | Landwirtschaft Agriculture Economic aspects Sierra Leone Energy consumption Sierra Leone Energy development Sierra Leone Fuelwood industry Sierra Leone Energieerzeugung (DE-588)4070813-5 gnd Brennstoff (DE-588)4008186-2 gnd Holz (DE-588)4025668-6 gnd Brennholz (DE-588)4008182-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Landwirtschaft Agriculture Economic aspects Sierra Leone Energy consumption Sierra Leone Energy development Sierra Leone Fuelwood industry Sierra Leone Energieerzeugung Brennstoff Holz Brennholz Sierra Leone Hochschulschrift |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=000324200&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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