Verfügbarkeit: Bronze Age weights from Mesopotamia, Iran & Greater Indus Valley

Bronze Age weights from Mesopotamia, Iran & Greater Indus Valley:

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
Beteilige Person:	Ascalone, Enrico (VerfasserIn)
Weitere beteiligte Personen:	Tavernier, Jan ca. 20./21. Jh (MitwirkendeR)
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Kiel ; Hamburg Wachholtz Verlag 2022
Schriftenreihe:	Weight & value volume 3
Schlagwörter:	Harappakultur Gewichtsstück Maßsystem Bronzezeit Iran Mesopotamien Iraq India Susa South Africa Dholavira Kutch district tyoilogy metrology Mature Harappan France ERC-2014-CoG
Links:	http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=0c33b833d4304464a704999bd63eadfd&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm https://d-nb.info/1272630692/04 http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034153612&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034153612&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
Umfang:	278 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten 31 cm
ISBN:	9783529035425 3529035424

Internformat

MARC


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245	1	0	\|a Bronze Age weights from Mesopotamia, Iran & Greater Indus Valley \|c by Enrico Ascalone ; with a contribution from Jan Tavernier
264		1	\|a Kiel ; Hamburg \|b Wachholtz Verlag \|c 2022
300			\|a 278 Seiten \|b Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten \|c 31 cm
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653			\|a tyoilogy
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Datensatz im Suchindex

_version_	1819245646483292160
adam_text	CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1. THE CONSIDERATION OF THE HISTORICAL CONTEXT ............................................................................. 2 1.2. THE POSSESSION OF KNOWLEDGE .................................................................................................... 3 1.3. HANDLING THE ARTEFACT .............................................................................................................. 4 1.4. FIELD PRESENCE ........................................................................................................................... 4 1.5. A TRANS-DISCIPLINARY APPROACH .................................................................................................. 4 2 T YPOLOGY ........................................................................................................................................... 7 2.1. OVOID (TYPE 1) ......................................................................................................................... 8 2.2. DUCK-SHAPED (TYPE 2) .............................................................................................................. 9 2.3. FROG-SHAPED (TYPE 3) .............................................................................................................. 10 2.4. SHELL-SHAPED (TYPE 4) .............................................................................................................. 10 2.5. FLY-SHAPED (TYPE 5) ................................................................................................................ 10 2.6. PIGHEAD-SHAPED (TYPE 6) ....................................................................................................... 10 2.7. SPHERE (TYPE 7) ....................................................................................................................... 11 2.8. ELLIPSOID WITH BASE AND GROOVES (TYPE 8) .............................................................................. 11 2.9. PEBBLE (TYPE 9) ....................................................................................................................... 12 2.10. HAND BAG-SHAPED (TYPE 10) .................................................................................................. 12 2.11. CYLINDER-SHAPED (TYPE 11) .................................................................................................. 13 2.12. BICONIC (TYPE 12) .................................................................................................................. 14 2.13. SMALL COLUMN (TYPE 13) ....................................................................................................... 14 2.14. PEAR-SHAPED (TYPE 14) ........................................................................................................... 15 2.15. EGG-SHAPED (TYPE 15) ........................................................................................................... 15 2.16. PARALLELEPIPED (TYPE 16) ....................................................................................................... 15 2.17. DISCOID (TYPE 17) .................................................................................................................. 16 2.18. CUBOID (TYPE 18) .................................................................................................................. 17 2.19. KUDURRU -SHAPED (TYPE 19) .................................................................................................. 17 2.20. HEMISPHERE (TYPE 20) ........................................................................................................... 17 2.21. CONE (TYPE 21) ..................................................................................................................... 18 2.22. PYRAMID-SHAPED (TYPE 22) .................................................................................................... 18 2.23. IRREGULAR SHAPE (TYPE 23) ..................................................................................................... 18 2.24. CLAY SPHENDONOID (TYPE 24) ................................................................................................ 18 2.25. DOME-SHAPED (TYPE 25) ....................................................................................................... 19 2.26. TRAPEZOID-SHAPED (TYPE 26) ................................................................................................ 19 2.27. ROUNDED FLAT WITH HOLE (TYPE 27) ....................................................................................... 19 3 M ATERIAL ....................................................................................................................................... 21 3.1. AGATE/CARNELIAN/CHALCEDONY ................................................................................................... 22 3.2. ALABASTER ................................................................................................................................. 24 3.3. BASALT ....................................................................................................................................... 24 3.4. BITUMEN ................................................................................................................................... 24 3.5. GENERIC STONE .......................................................................................................................... 25 3.6. BRONZE/COPPER ........................................................................................................................ 25 3.7. CALCITE/LIMESTONE ................................................................................................................... 27 3.8. VESUVIANITE .............................................................................................................................. 27 3.9. .............................................................................................. 28 3.10. CHERT ..................................................................................................................................... 28 3.11. CHLORITE/STEATITE/SERPENTINITE .............................................................................................. 28 3.12. DIORITE ...................................................................................................................................29 3.13. WAAGENOPHYLLUM .................................................................................................................29 3.14. GABBRO ...................................................................................................................................30 3.15. GRANITE ...................................................................................................................................30 3.16. GYPSUM ................................................................................................................................. 30 3.17. HEMATITE ............................................................................................................................... 30 3.18. HORNBLENDE .......................................................................................................................... 31 3.19. JASPER ..................................................................................................................................... 31 3.20. MARBLE ................................................................................................................................... 31 3.21. OLIVINE ................................................................................................................................... 31 3.22. QUARTZ ................................................................................................................................... 31 3.23. SCHIST .................................................................................................................................... 31 3.24. SHELL ...................................................................................................................................... 31 3.25. SILTSTONE ................................................................................................................................. 32 3.26. TERRACOTTA ............................................................................................................................. 32 3.27. CLAY ...................................................................................................................................... 33 4 SUSIANA AND LOWER MESOPOTAMIA .................................................................................................................... 35 4.1. SUSA .......................................................................................................................................... 35 4.1.1. CHRONOLOGIES ........................................................................................................................36 4.1.2. WEIGHTS, POTENTIAL WEIGHTS, POSSIBLE WEIGHTS AND ASSOCIATED FINDS (CAT. NO. 1-746) ....... 39 4.1.2.1. ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXTS ................................................................................................... 41 4.1.2.2. CATALOGUE .......................................................................................................................... 43 4.1.2.2.1. OVOID (TYPE LA): CAT. NO. 1-244 ................................................................................. 43 4.I.2.2.2. OVOID WITH BASE (TYPE 1B): CAT. NO. 245-263 ............................................................ 49 4.I.2.2.3. OVOID WITH FLAT ENDS (TYPE 1C): CAT. NO. 264-482 ....................................................... 50 4.1.2.2.4. OVOID WITH BASE AND FLAT ENDS (TYPE ID): CAT. NO. 483-508 ..................................... 55 4.I.2.2.5. OVOID WITH ONE FLAT END (TYPE LE): CAT. NO. 509-515 ................................................ 56 4.I.2.2.6. OVOID WITH TWO BASES AND FLAT ENDS (TYPE 1G): CAT. NO. 516 ....................................... 56 4.I.2.2.7. OVOID WITH FOUR BASES (TYPE IH): CAT. NO. 517-518 ................................................... 57 4.1.2.2.8. OVOID WITH HOLE (TYPE LI): CAT. NO. 519-527 .............................................................. 57 4.1.2.2.9. IRREGULAR OVOID (TYPE 1K): CAT. NO. 528-530 .............................................................. 57 4.1.2.2.10. DUCK-SHAPED (TYPE 2): CAT. NO. 531-617 ................................................................... 57 4.1.2.2.11. FROG-SHAPED (TYPE 3): CAT. NO. 618-619 ..................................................................... 60 4.1.2.2.12. SHELL-SHAPED (TYPE 4): CAT. NO. 620-627 ...................................................................60 4.1.2.2.13. PIGHEAD-SHAPED (TYPE 6): CAT. NO. 628-630 ............................................................ 60 4.1.2.2.14. SPHERE (TYPE 7A): CAT. NO. 631-636 .......................................................................... 60 4.1.2.2.15. SPHERE WITH BASE (TYPE 7B): CAT. NO. 637-638 ..........................................................60 4.1.2.2.16. ELLIPSOID WITH BASE AND GROOVES (TYPE 8): CAT. NO. 639-658 ................................... 60 4.1.2.2.17. OVOID/DISCOID PEBBLE (TYPE 9C): CAT. NO. 659-679 ................................................. 61 4.1.2.2.18. CYLINDER-SHAPED (TYPE 11A): CAT. NO. 680-687 ........................................................62 4.1.2.2.19. BICONIC (TYPE 12): CAT. NO. 688 .................................................................................62 4.1.2.2.20. EGG-SHAPED (TYPE 15): CAT. NO. 689 ..........................................................................62 4.1.2.2.21. PARALLELEPIPED (TYPE 16A): CAT. NO. 690-691 ............................................................ 62 4.1.2.2.22. DISCOID (TYPE 17A): CAT. NO. 692-694 ...................................................................... 62 4.1.2.2.23. DISCOID WITH HOLE (TYPE 17B): CAT. NO. 695 ..............................................................62 4.1.2.2.24. OCTAGONAL DISCOID (TYPE 17C): CAT. NO. 696 ..............................................................62 4.1.2.2.25. IRREGULAR DISCOID (TYPE 17D): CAT. NO. 697 ............................................................... 63 4.1.2.2.26. CUBOID (TYPE 18A): CAT. NO. 698-700 ...................................................................... 63 4.1.2.2.27. HEMISPHERE (TYPE 20A): CAT. NO. 701-719 ............................................................... 63 4.1.2.2.28. CONE (TYPE 21A): CAT. NO. 720-728 .......................................................................... 63 4.1.2.2.29. TRUNCATED CONE (TYPE 21B): CAT. NO. 729-731 .......................................................... 64 4.1.2.2.30. PYRAMID-SHAPED (TYPE 22): CAT. NO. 732 ................................................................... 64 4.1.2.2.31. IRREGULAR SHAPE (TYPE 23): CAT. NO. 733-746 ............................................................ 64 4.1.2.3. METROLOGICAL NOTES ........................................................................................................... 64 4.2. CHOGA ZANBIL/DUR-UNTAS ......................................................................................................73 4.2.1. CHRONOLOGIES .......................................................................................................................73 4.2.2. WEIGHTS, POTENTIAL WEIGHTS, POSSIBLE WEIGHTS AND ASSOCIATED FINDS (CAT. NO. 747-750)... 73 4.2.2.1. ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXTS ..................................................................................................73 4.2.2.2. CATALOGUE .........................................................................................................................73 4.2.2.2.I. OVOID WITH BASE (TYPE 1B): CAT. NO. 747-748 ............................................................ 73 4.2.2.2.2. OVOID WITH FLAT ENDS (TYPE 1C): CAT. NO. 749 .............................................................. 74 4.2.2.2.3. OVOID WITH BASE AND FLAT ENDS (TYPE ID): CAT. NO. 750 .............................................. 74 4.2.2.3. METROLOGICAL NOTES ........................................................................................................... 74 4.3. DJAFFARABAD ............................................................................................................................. 74 4.3.1. CHRONOLOGIES ....................................................................................................................... 74 4.3.2. WEIGHTS, POTENTIAL WEIGHTS, POSSIBLE WEIGHTS AND ASSOCIATED FINDS (CAT. NO. 751-752)... 74 4.3.2.1. ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXTS .................................................................................................. 74 4.3.2.2. CATALOGUE ......................................................................................................................... 74 4.3.2.2.1. SPHERE (TYPE 7A): CAT. NO. 751-752 ............................................................................. 4.4. LARSA/TELL ES-SINKARA .............................................................................................................75 4.4.1. CHRONOLOGIES ....................................................................................................................... 75 4.4.2. WEIGHTS, POTENTIAL WEIGHTS, POSSIBLE WEIGHTS AND ASSOCIATED FINDS (CAT. NO. 753-759)... 76 4.4.2.1. ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXTS ................................................................................................... 76 4.4.2.2. CATALOGUE .......................................................................................................................... 77 4.4.2.2.I. OVOID WITH FLAT ENDS (TYPE 1C): CAT. NO. 753-757 ....................................................... 77 4.4.2.2.2. DUCK-SHAPED (TYPE 2): CAT. NO. 758-759 ................................................................... 77 4.4.2.3. METROLOGICAL NOTES ............................................................................................................ 77 4.5. GIRSU/TELLOH ............................................................................................................................ 77 4.5.1. CHRONOLOGIES ......................................................................................................................... 77 4.5.2. WEIGHTS, POTENTIAL WEIGHTS, POSSIBLE WEIGHTS AND ASSOCIATED FINDS (CAT. NO. 760-873)... 78 4.5.2.1. ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXTS ................................................................................................... 78 4.5.2.2. CATALOGUE .......................................................................................................................... 79 4.5.2.2.I. OVOID (TYPE LA): CAT. NO. 760-814 .............................................................................. 79 4.5.2.2.2. OVOID WITH BASE (TYPE 1B): CAT. NO. 815-822 ............................................................. 80 4.5.2.2.3. OVOID WITH FLAT ENDS (TYPE 1C): CAT. NO. 823-843 ....................................................... 80 4.5.2.2.4. OVOID WITH BASE AND FLAT ENDS (TYPE ID): CAT. NO. 844 .............................................. 81 4.5.2.2.5. OVOID WITH TWO BASES (TYPE IF): CAT. NO. 845 ............................................................ 81 4.5.2.2.6. DUCK-SHAPED (TYPE 2): CAT. NO. 846-855 ................................................................... 81 . 4.5.2.2.7. SPHERE (TYPE 7A): CAT. NO. 856 ..................................................................................... 82 4.5.2.2.8. CYLINDER-SHAPED (TYPE 11A): CAT. NO. 857-861 ........................................................... 82 4.5.2.2.9. EGG-SHAPED (TYPE 15): CAT. NO. 862-868 ..................................................................... 82 4.5.2.2.10. PARALLELEPIPED (TYPE 16A): CAT. NO. 869-870 ............................................................ 82 4.5.2.2.11. HEMISPHERE (TYPE 20A): CAT. NO. 871 ......................................................................... 82 4.5.2.2.12. CONE (TYPE 21A): CAT. NO. 872 .................................................................................. 82 4.5.2.2.13. TRUNCATED CONE (TYPE 21B): CAT. NO. 873 ................................................................ 82 4.5.2.3. METROLOGICAL NOTES ............................................................................................................ 82 4.6. TELL INGHARRA/KISH ...................................................................................................................84 4.6.1. CHRONOLOGIES ........................................................................................................................ 85 4.6.2. WEIGHTS, POTENTIAL WEIGHTS, POSSIBLE WEIGHTS AND ASSOCIATED FINDS (CAT. NO. 874-886)... 85 4.6.2.1. ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXTS ................................................................................................... 85 4.6.2.2. CATALOGUE .......................................................................................................................... 86 4.6.2.2.I. OVOID WITH FLAT ENDS (TYPE 1C): CAT. NO. 874-878 ....................................................... 86 4.6.2.2.2. DUCK-SHAPED (TYPE 2): CAT. NO. 879-883 ................................................................... 86 4.6.2.2.3. FROG-SHAPED (TYPE 3): CAT. NO. 884 ............................................................................ 86 4.6.2.2.4. SHELL-SHAPED (TYPE 4): CAT. NO. 885 ............................................................................ 86 4.6.2.2.5. FLY-SHAPED (TYPE 5): CAT. NO. 886 ................................................................................ 86 4.6.2.3. METROLOGICAL NOTES ............................................................................................................ 87 4.7. TELL MUQAYAR/UR ..................................................................................................................... 87 4.7.1. CHRONOLOGIES ........................................................................................................................ 87 4.7.2. WEIGHT (CAT. NO. 887) ........................................................................................................ 88 4.7.2.1. ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXTS ................................................................................................... 88 4.7.2.2. CATALOGUE .......................................................................................................................... 89 4.7.2.2.I. KUDURRU -SHAPED (TYPE 19): CAT. NO. 887 .................................................................. 89 5 I RANIAN H IGHLANDS ..................................................................................................................... 91 5.1. JIROFT VALLEY .............................................................................................................................. 91 5.1.1. CHRONOLOGIES ........................................................................................................................92 5.1.2. WEIGHTS, POTENTIAL WEIGHTS, POSSIBLE WEIGHTS AND ASSOCIATED FINDS (CAT. NO. 888-932)... 94 5.1.2.1. ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXTS ...................................................................................................96 5.1.2.2. CATALOGUE .......................................................................................................................... 96 5.1.2.2.1. HAND BAG-SHAPED (TYPE 10): CAT. NO. 888-929 ........................................................... 96 5.I.2.2.2. SMALL COLUMN (TYPE 13): CAT. NO. 930-931 ................................................................. 97 5.1.2.2.3. PEAR-SHAPED (TYPE 14): CAT. NO. 932 ............................................................................ 97 5.1.2.3. METROLOGICAL NOTES ............................................................................................................ 97 5.2. KONAR SANDAL ........................................................................................................................ 100 5.2.1. CHRONOLOGIES ...................................................................................................................... 100 5.2.2. WEIGHTS, POTENTIAL WEIGHTS, POSSIBLE WEIGHTS AND ASSOCIATED FINDS (CAT. NO. 933-937). .101 5.2.2.1. ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXTS ................................................................................................. 101 5.2.2.2. CATALOGUE ........................................................................................................................ 101 5.2.2.2.I. SPHERE (TYPE 7A): CAT. NO. 933 ................................................................................... 101 5.2.2.2.2. SPHERE WITH BASE (TYPE 7B): CAT. NO. 934 ................................................................... 101 5.2.2.2.3. CYLINDER-SHAPED (TYPE ILA): CAT. NO. 935 ................................................................ 101 5.2.2.2.4. DISCOID (TYPE 17A): CAT. NO. 936 ............................................................................... 101 5.2.2.2.5. HEMISPHERE (TYPE 20A): CAT. NO. 937 ....................................................................... 101 5.2.2.3. METROLOGICAL NOTES .......................................................................................................... 101 5.3. TEPE YAHYA ............................................................................................................................. 101 5.3.1. CHRONOLOGIES ...................................................................................................................... 102 5.3.2. WEIGHTS, POTENTIAL WEIGHTS, POSSIBLE WEIGHTS AND ASSOCIATED FINDS (CAT. NO. 938-1064) 104 5.3.2.1. ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXTS ................................................................................................. 104 5.3.2.2. CATALOGUE ........................................................................................................................ 105 5.3.2.2T . OVOID (TYPE LA): CAT. NO. 938-940 ................................................................... 105 5.3.2.2.2. OVOID WITH BASE (TYPE LB): CAT. NO. 941 .................................................................... 105 5.3.2.2.3. SPHERE (TYPE 7A): CAT. NO. 942-948 .......................................................................... 105 5.3.2.2.4. SPHERE WITH BASE (TYPE 7B): NO. 949-951 ................................................................... 105 5.3.2.2.5. SPHERE WITH TWO BASES (TYPE 7C): NO. 952 ................................................................. 105 5.3.2.2.6. RECTANGULAR FLAT PEBBLE (TYPE 9B): CAT. NO. 953-954 ................................................ 105 5.3.2.2.7. PARALLELEPIPED WITH HOLE (TYPE 16B): CAT. NO. 955-956 ............................................ 105 5.3.2.2.8. ROUNDED FLAT WITH HOLE (TYPE 27): CAT. NO. 957-961 .............................................. 105 5.3.2.2.9. SPHERE PEBBLE (TYPE 9D) : CAT. NO. 962-987 .............................................................. 105 5.3.2.2.10. CYLINDER-SHAPED WITH HOLE (TYPE 1 LB): CAT. NO. 988 .............................................. 106 5.3.2.2.11. EGG-SHAPED (TYPE 15): CAT. NO. 989 ....................................................................... 106 5.3.2.2.12. PARALLELEPIPED (TYPE 16A): CAT. NO. 990-991 .......................................................... 106 5.3.2.2.13. DISCOID (TYPE 17A): CAT. NO. 992-1006 ................................................................... 106 5.3.2.2.14. TERRACOTTA DISCOID (TYPE 17E): CAT. NO. 1007-1013 ................................................ 107 5.3.2.2.15. CUBOID (TYPE 18A): CAT. NO. 1014 ............................................................................ 107 5.3.2.2.16. HEMISPHERE (TYPE 20A): CAT. NO. 1015 ..................................................................... 107 5.3.2.2.17. TRUNCATED CONE (TYPE 21B): CAT. NO. 1016-1017 ..................................................... 107 5.3.2.2.18. CONE (TYPE 21A): CAT. NO. 1018 ............................................................................... 107 5.3.2.2.19. CLAY SPHENDONOID (TYPE 24): CAT. NO. 1019-1063 ................................................. 107 5.3.2.2.20. DOME-SHAPED (TYPE 25): CAT. NO. 1064 ................................................................ 109 5.3.2.3. METROLOGICAL NOTES ......................................................................................................... 109 5.4. SHAHR-I SOKHTA ...................................................................................................................... 109 5.4.1. CHRONOLOGIES ...................................................................................................................... ILL 5.4.2. WEIGHTS, POTENTIAL WEIGHTS, POSSIBLE WEIGHTS AND ASSOCIATED FINDS (CAT. NO. 1065-1117) 114 5.4.2.1. ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXTS ................................................................................................. 114 5.4.2.2. CATALOGUE ....................................................................................................................... 115 5.4.2.2.I. OVOID (TYPE 1A): CAT. NO. 1065-1072 ........................................................................ 115 5.4.2.2.2. OVOID WITH BASE (TYPE 1B): CAT. NO. 1073-1075 ....................................................... 116 5.4.2.2.4. SPHERE (TYPE 7A): CAT. NO. 1077 ................................................................................ 116 5.4.2.2.4. FLAT PEBBLE IN VARIOUS SHAPES (TYPE 9A): CAT. NO. 1078-1102 ................................... 116 5.4.2.2.5. SPHERE PEBBLE (TYPE 9D): CAT. NO. 1103-1110 .......................................................... 117 5.4.2.2.6. CYLINDER-SHAPED (TYPE 1 LA): CAT. NO. 1111-1112 ..................................................... 117 5.4.2.2.7. PARALLELEPIPED (TYPE 16A): CAT. NO. 1113-1114 ........................................................ 118 5.4.2.2.8. DISCOID (TYPE 17A): CAT. NO. 1115-1116 ................................................................... 118 5.4.2.2.9. IRREGULAR SHAPE (TYPE 23): CAT. NO. 1117 ................................................................... 118 4.1.2.3. METROLOGICAL NOTES .............................................................................................. 118 5.5. GORGAN PLAIN ......................................................................................................................... 118 5.5.1. CHRONOLOGIES ...................................................................................................................... 119 5.5.2. WEIGHTS, POTENTIAL WEIGHTS, POSSIBLE WEIGHTS AND ASSOCIATED FINDS (CAT. NO. 1118-1120) 120 5.5.2.1. ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXT AND CHRONOLOGY ........................................................................ 120 5.5.2.2. CATALOGUE ....................................................................................................................... 120 5.5.2.2.I. LARGE OVOID WITH PERFORATION (TYPE 1K): CAT. NO. 1118-1119 ................................... 120 5.5.2.2.2. SMALL COLUMN (TYPE 13): CAT. NO. 1120 .................................................................... 120 5.5.2.3. METROLOGICAL NOTES ......................................................................................................... 120 6 G REATER I NDUS V ALLEY .............................................................................................................. 121 6.1. RAKHIGARHI ............................................................................................................................. 121 6.1.1. CHRONOLOGIES ...................................................................................................................... 122 6.1.2. WEIGHTS, POTENTIAL WEIGHTS, POSSIBLE WEIGHTS AND ASSOCIATED FINDS (CAT. NO. 1121-1135) 122 6.1.2.1. ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXTS ................................................................................................ 122 6.1.2.2. CATALOGUE ......................................................................................................................... 122 6.1.2.2.1. SPHERE PEBBLE (TYPE 9D) : CAT. NO. 1121 ..................................................................... 122 6.I.2.2.2. PARALLELEPIPED (TYPE 16A): CAT. NO. 1122 ................................................................... 123 6.I.2.2.3. DISCOID IN TERRACOTTA (TYPE 17E): CAT. NO. 1123-1126 .............................................. 123 6.I.2.2.4. CUBOID (TYPE 18A): CAT. NO. 1127-1135 .................................................................. 123 6.2. FARMANA .................................................................................................................................. 124 6.2.1. CHRONOLOGIES ....................................................................................................................... 125 6.2.2. WEIGHTS, POTENTIAL WEIGHTS, POSSIBLE WEIGHTS AND ASSOCIATED FINDS (CAT. NO. 1136-1143). 125 6.2.2.1. ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXTS .................................................................................................. 125 6. 2.2.2. CATALOGUE ......................................................................................................................... 125 6.2.2.2.I. SPHERE WITH BASE (TYPE 7B): CAT. NO. 1136-1137 ....................................................... 125 6.2.2.2.2. PARALLELEPIPED (TYPE 16A): CAT. NO. 1138-1139 ....................................................... 126 6.2.2.2.3. DISCOID (TYPE 17A): CAT. NO. 1140-1141 ................................................................... 126 6.2.2.2.4. CUBOID (TYPE 18A): CAT. NO. 1142-1143 ................................................................... 126 6.2.2.3. METROLOGICAL NOTES .......................................................................................................... 126 6.3. KUNTASI ................................................................................................................................... 126 6.3.1. CHRONOLOGIES ....................................................................................................................... 126 6.3.2. WEIGHTS, POTENTIAL WEIGHTS, POSSIBLE WEIGHTS AND RELATED-FINDS (CAT. NO. 1144-1145).. 127 6.3.2.1. ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXTS ................................................................................................. 127 6.3.2.2. CATALOGUE ......................................................................................................................... 127 6.3.2.2.I. DISCOID IN TERRACOTTA (TYPE 17E): CAT. NO. 1144 ......................................................... 127 6.3.2.2.2. CUBOID (TYPE 18A): CAT. NO. 1145 .............................................................................. 127 4.3.2.3. METROLOGICAL NOTES .......................................................................................................... 127 6.4. NAGESHWAR .............................................................................................................................. 127 6.4.1. CHRONOLOGIES ....................................................................................................................... 127 6.4.2. WEIGHTS, POTENTIAL WEIGHTS, POSSIBLE WEIGHTS AND ASSOCIATED FINDS (CAT. NO. 1146) ......... 127 6.4.2.1. ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXTS ................................................................................................. 127 6.4.2.2. CATALOGUE ........................................................................................................................ 127 6.4.2.2. I. CUBOID (TYPE 18A): CAT. NO. 1146 ............................................................................. 127 4.4.2.3. METROLOGICAL NOTES ......................................................................................................... 127 6.5. ................................................................................................................................................ 127 6.5.1. CHRONOLOGIES ....................................................................................................................... 128 6.5.2. WEIGHTS, POTENTIAL WEIGHTS, POSSIBLE WEIGHTS AND ASSOCIATED FINDS (CAT. NO. 1147-1162) 128 6.5.2.1. ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXTS ................................................................................................. 128 6.5.2.2. CATALOGUE ........................................................................................................................ 128 6.5.2.2.I. SPHERE WITH BASE (TYPE 7B): CAT. NO. 1147-1148 ....................................................... 128 6.5.2.2.2. SPHERE PEBBLE (TYPE 9D): CAT. NO. 1149-1156 ............................................................ 129 6.5.2.2.3. PARALLELEPIPED (TYPE 16A): CAT. NO. 1157 ................................................................... 129 6.5.2.2.4. DISCOID (TYPE 17A): CAT. NO. 1158 .............................................................................. 129 6.5.2.2.5. CUBOID (TYPE 18A): CAT. NO. 1159-1161 ................................................................... 129 6.5.2.2.6. CUBOID IN TERRACOTTA (TYPE 18B): CAT. NO. 1162 ......................................................... 129 6.5.2.3. METROLOGICAL NOTES .......................................................................................................... 129 6.6. SHIKARPUR ............................................................................................................................... 130 6.6.1. CHRONOLOGIES ....................................................................................................................... 130 6.6.2. WEIGHTS, POTENTIAL WEIGHTS, POSSIBLE WEIGHTS AND ASSOCIATED FINDS (CAT. NO. 1163-1169) 130 6.6.2.1. ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXTS ................................................................................................. 130 6.6.2.2. CATALOGUE ........................................................................................................................ 131 6.6.2.2.I. PARALLELEPIPED (TYPE 16A): CAT. NO. 1163 ................................................................... 131 6.6.2.2.2. CUBOID (TYPE 18A): CAT. NO. 1164-1167 ................................................................... 131 6.6.2.2.3. CUBOID IN TERRACOTTA (TYPE 18B): CAT. NO. 1168-1169 .............................................. 131 6.6.2.3. METROLOGICAL NOTES .......................................................................................................... 131 6.7. BAGASRA ................................................................................................................................... 131 6.7.1. CHRONOLOGIES ....................................................................................................................... 132 6.7.2. WEIGHTS, POTENTIAL WEIGHTS, POSSIBLE WEIGHTS AND ASSOCIATED FINDS (CAT. NO. 1170-1188) 132 6.7.2.1. ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXTS ................................................................................................. 132 6.7.2.2. CATALOGUE ........................................................................................................................ 133 6.7.2.2.I. BICONIC (TYPE 12): CAT. NO. 1170-1172 ................................................................... 133 6.7.2.2.3. CUBOID (TYPE 18A): CAT. NO. 1176-1188 ................................................................. 134 6.7.2.3. METROLOGICAL NOTES .......................................................................................................... 134 6.8. DHOLAVIRA ............................................................................................................................... 134 6.8.1. CHRONOLOGIES ...................................................................................................................... 134 6.8.2. WEIGHTS, POTENTIAL WEIGHTS, POSSIBLE WEIGHTS AND RELATED-FINDS (CAT. NO. 1189-2058).. 135 6.8.2.1. ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXTS ................................................................................................. 136 6.8.2.2. CATALOGUE ........................................................................................................................ 142 6.8.2.2.I. OVOID WITH FLAT ENDS (TYPE 1C): CAT. NO. 1189-1199 ................................................ 142 6.8.2.2.2. OVOID WITH BASE AND FLAT ENDS (TYPE ID): CAT. NO. 1200-1201 .................................. 142 6.8.2.2.3. OVOID WITH TWO BASES AND FLAT ENDS (TYPE 1G): CAT. NO. 1202 .................................. 142 6.8.2.2.4. SHELL-SHAPED (TYPE 4): CAT. NO. 1203 ........................................................................ 142 6.8.2.2.5. SPHERE (TYPE 7A): CAT. NO. 1204 ................................................................................ 142 6.8.2.2.6. SPHERE WITH BASE (TYPE 7B): CAT. NO. 1205-1214 ..................................................... 142 6.8.2.2.7. SPHERE WITH TWO BASES (TYPE 7C): CAT. NO. 1215 ......................................................... 143 6.8.2.2.8. SPHERE PEBBLE (TYPE 9D): CAT. NO. 1216-1217 .......................................................... 143 6.8.2.2.9. CYLINDER-SHAPED (TYPE 11A): CAT. NO. 1218-1284 ..................................................... 143 6.8.2.2.10. SEMI-CYLINDER-SHAPED (TYPE 11C): CAT. NO. 1285-1293 .......................................... 144 6.8.2.2.11. BICONIC (TYPE 12): CAT. NO. 1294-1355 ................................................................. 145 6.8.2.2.12. PARALLELEPIPED (TYPE 16A): CAT. NO. 1356-1505 ....................................................... 146 6.8.2.2.13. DISCOID (TYPE 17A): CAT. NO. 1506-1607 ................................................................. 150 6.8.2.2.14. OCTAGONAL DISCOID (TYPE 17C): CAT. NO. 1608 .......................................................... 153 6.8.2.2.15. DISCOID IN TERRACOTTA (TYPE 17E): CAT. NO. 1609-1649 ............................................ 153 6.8.2.2.16. CUBOID (TYPE 18A): CAT. NO. 1650-1986 ................................................................. 154 6.8.2.2.17. CUBOID IN TERRACOTTA (TYPE 18B): CAT. NO. 1987-1996 ............................................ 164 6.8.2.2.18. HEMISPHERE (TYPE 20A): CAT. NO. 1997-2005 .......................................................... 164 6.8.2.2.19. TRUNCATED HEMISPHERE (TYPE 20B): CAT. NO. 2006-2015 ....................................... 165 6.8.2.2.20. CONE (TYPE 21A): CAT. NO. 2016 ............................................................................... 165 6.8.2.2.21. TRUNCATED CONE (TYPE 21B): CAT. NO. 2017-2045 ................................................... 165 6.8.2.2.22. PYRAMID-SHAPED (TYPE 22): CAT. NO. 2046-2050 ..................................................... 166 6.8.2.2.23. DOME-SHAPED (TYPE 25): CAT. NO. 2051-2057 ........................................................ 166 6.8.2.2.24. TRAPEZOID-SHAPED (TYPE 26): CAT. NO. 2058 .......................................................... 166 6.8.2.3. METROLOGICAL NOTES .......................................................................................................... 166 7 C ONCLUSIONS ............................................................................................................................... 175 APPENDIX J AN T AVERNIER INSCRIBED WEIGHTS .................................................................................................................. 179 B IBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................................................................ 185 P LATES ..............................................................................................................................................215 Contents 1 Introduction..................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. The consideration of the historical context ............................................................................. 2 1.2. The possession ofknowledge..................................................................................................... 3 1.3. Handling the artefact ................................................................................................................ 4 1.4. Field presence ............................................................................................................................. 4 1.5. A trans-disciplinary approach................................................................................................... 4 2 Typology............................................................................................................................................. 7 2.1. Ovoid (Type 1)........................................................................................................................... 8 2.2. Duck-shaped (Type 2)................................................................................................................ 9 2.3. Frog-shaped (Type 3)................................................................................................................. 10 2.4. Shell-shaped (Type 4)................................................................................................................. 10 2.5. Fly-shaped (Type 5).................................................................................................................. 10 2.6. Pighead-shaped (Type 6)......................................................................................................... 10 2.7. Sphere (Type 7).......................................................................................................................... 11 2.8. Ellipsoid with base and grooves (Type 8)................................................................................ 11 2.9. Pebble (Type 9)..........................................................................................................................12 2.10. Hand bag-shaped (Type 10).................................................................................................... 12 2.11. Cylinder-shaped (Type 11).................................................................................................... 13 2.12. Biconic (Type 12).................................................................................................................... 14 2.13. Small column (Type 13)......................................................................................................... 14 2.14. Pear-shaped (Type 14)............................................................................................................. 15 2.15. Egg-shaped (Type 15)............................................................................................................. 15 2.16. Parallelepiped (Type 16)......................................................................................................... 15 2.17. Discoid (Type 17).................................................................................................................... 16 2.18. Cuboid (Type 18).................................................................................................................... 17 2.19. ‘Kudurru -shaped (Type 19).................................................................................................... 17 2.20. Hemisphere (Type 20)............................................................................................................. 17 2.21. Cone (Type 21)........................................................................................................................ 18 2.22. Pyramid-shaped (Type 22)...................................................................................................... 18 2.23. Irregular shape (Type 23)........................................................................................................18 2.24. Clay sphendonoid (Type 24).................................................................................................. 18 2.25. Dome-shaped (Type 25)......................................................................................................... 19 2.26. Trapezoid-shaped (Type 26).................................................................................................. 19 2.27. Rounded flat with hole (Type 27)......................................................................................... 19 3 Material........................................................................................................................................... 21 3.1. Agate/carnelian/chalcedony..................................................................................................... 22 3.2. Alabaster.................................................................................................................................... 24 3.3. Basalt.......................................................................................................................................... 24 3.4. Bitumen...................................................................................................................................... 24 3.5. Generic stone............................................................................................................................. 25 3.6. Bronze/copper........................................................................................................................... 25 3.7. Calcite/limestone......................................................................................................................27 3.8. Vesuvianite................................................................................................................................ 27 3.9. Soapstone/softstone/sandstone................................................................................................ 28 3.10. Chert........................................................................................................................................28 3.11. Chiorite/steatite/serpentinite................................................................................................ 28 3.12. Diorite...................................................................................................................................... 29 3.13. Waagenophyllum.................................................................................................................... 29 3.14. Gabbro...................................................................................................................................... 30 3.15. Granite...................................................................................................................................... 30 3.16. Gypsum.................................................................................................................................... 30 3.17. Hematite.................................................................................................................................. 30 3.18. Hornblende............................................................................................................................. 31 3.19. Jasper........................................................................................................................................31 3.20. Marble...................................................................................................................................... 31 3.21. Olivine...................................................................................................................................... 31 3.22. Quartz...................................................................................................................................... 31 3.23. Schist........................................................................................................................................ 31 3.24. Shell..........................................................................................................................................31 3.25. Siltstone.................................................................................................................................... 32 3.26. Terracotta................................................................................................................................ 32 3.27. Clay..........................................................................................................................................33 4 SUSIANA AND LOWER MESOPOTAMIA................................................................................................................ 35 4.1. Susa............................................................................................................................................. 35 4.1.1. Chronologies........................................................................................................................... 36 4.1.2. Weights, potential weights, possible weights and associated finds (Cat. no. 1-746)........ 39 4.1.2.1. Archaeological contexts..................................................................................................... 41 4.1.2.2. Catalogue............................................................................................................................. 43 4.1.2.2.1. Ovoid (Type la): Cat. no.1-244..................................................................................... 43 4.1.2.2.2. Ovoid with base (Type 1 b) : Cat. no. 245-263.............................................................. 49 4.1.2.2.3. Ovoid with flat ends (Type lc): Cat. no. 264-482........................................................ 50 4.1.2.2.4. Ovoid with base and flat ends (Type Id): Cat. no. 483-508 ...................................... 55 4.1.2.2.5. Ovoid with one flat end (Type le): Cat. no. 509-515................................................. 56 4.1.2.2.6. Ovoid with two bases and flat ends (Type lg): Cat. no. 516........................................ 56 4.1.2.2.7. Ovoid with four bases (Type lh): Cat. no. 517-518..................................................... 57 4.1.2.2.8. Ovoid with hole (Type li): Cat. no. 519-527................................................................57 4.1.2.2.9. Irregular ovoid (Type Ik): Cat. no. 528-530 ................................................................ 57 4.1.2.2.10. Duck-shaped (Type 2): Cat. no. 531-617..................................................................... 57 4.1.2.2.11. Frog-shaped (Type 3): Cat. no. 618-619....................................................................... 60 4.1.2.2.12. Shell-shaped (Type 4): Cat. no. 620-627..................................................................... 60 4.1.2.2.13. Pighead-shaped (Type 6): Cat. no. 628-630............................................................... 60 4.1.2.2.14. Sphere (Type 7a): Cat. no. 631-636............................................................................ 60 4.1.2.2.15. Sphere with base (Type 7b): Cat. no. 637-638............................................................ 60 4.1.2.2.16. Ellipsoid with base and grooves (Type 8): Cat. no. 639-658...................................... 60 4.1.2.2.17. Ovoid/discoid pebble (Type 9c): Cat. no. 659-679................................................... 61 4.1.2.2.18. Cylinder-shaped (Type 1 la): Cat. no. 680-687.......................................................... 62 4.1.2.2.19. Biconic (Type 12): Cat. no. 688................................................................................... 62 4.1.2.2.20. Egg-shaped (Type 15): Cat. no. 689 .......................................................................... 62 4.1.2.2.21. Parallelepiped (Type 16a): Cat. no. 690-691.............................................................. 62 4.1.2.2.22. Discoid (Type 17a): Cat. no. 692-694......................................................................... 62 4.1.2.2.23. Discoid with hole (Type 17b): Cat. no. 695 .............................................................. 62 4.1.2.2.24. Octagonal discoid (Type 17c): Cat. no. 696............................................................... 62 4.1.2.2.25. Irregular discoid (Type 17d): Cat. no. 697................................................................. 63 4.1.2.2.26. Cuboid (Type 18a): Cat. no. 698-700......................................................................... 63 4.1.2.2.27. Hemisphere (Type 20a): Cat. no. 701-719................................................................. 63 4.1.2.2.28. Cone (Type 21a): Cat. no. 720-728............................................................................ 63 4.1.2.2.29. Truncated cone (Type 21b): Cat. no. 729-731............................................................ 64 4.1.2.2.30. Pyramid-shaped (Type 22): Cat. no. 732................................................................... 64 4.1.2.2.31. Irregular shape (Type 23): Cat. no. 733-746.............................................................. 64 4.1.2.3. Metrological notes...............................................................................................................64 4.2. Choga Zanbil/Dûr-Untas......................................................................................................... 73 4.2.1. Chronologies........................................................................................................................... 73 4.2.2. Weights, potential weights, possible weights and associated finds (Cat. no. 747-750)... 73 4.2.2.1. Archaeological contexts..................................................................................................... 73 4.2.2.2. Catalogue............................................................................................................................. 73 4.2.2.2.1. Ovoid with base (Type 1 b) : Cat. no. 747-748.............................................................. 73 4.2.2.2.2. Ovoid with flat ends (Type 1c): Cat. no. 749................................................................ 74 4.2.2.2.3. Ovoid with base and flat ends (Type Id): Cat. no. 750............................................... 74 4.2.2.3. Metrological notes.............................................................................................................. 74 4.3. Djaffarabad................................................................................................................................. 74 4.3.1. Chronologies........................................................................................................................... 74 4.3.2. Weights, potential weights, possible weights and associated finds (Cat. no. 751-752)... 74 4.3.2.1. Archaeological contexts..................................................................................................... 74 4.3.2.2. Catalogue............................................................................................................................. 74 4.3.2.2.1. Sphere (Type 7a): Cat. no. 751-752.............................................................................. 74 4.4. Larsa/Tell es-Sinkara............................................................................................................... 75 4.4.1. Chronologies.......................................................................................................................... 75 4.4.2. Weights, potential weights, possible weights and associated finds (Cat. no. 753-759)... 76 4.4.2.1. Archaeological contexts.................................................................................................... 76 4.4.2.2. Catalogue............................................................................................................................ ՜Ո 4.4.2.2.1. Ovoid with flat ends (Type 1c): Cat. no. 753-757...................................................... 77 4.4.2.2.2. Duck-shaped (Type2): Cat. no. 758-759...................................................................... 77 4.4.2.3. Metrological notes............................................................................................................. 77 4.5. Girsu/Telloh.............................................................................................................................. 77 4.5.1. Chronologies.......................................................................................................................... 77 4.5.2. Weights, potential weights, possible weights and associated finds (Cat. no. 760-873)... 78 4.5.2.1. Archaeological contexts.....................................................................................................78 4.5.2.2. Catalogue............................................................................................................................ 79 4.5.2.2.1. Ovoid (Type la): Cat. no.760-814.............................................................................. 79 4.5.2.2.2. Ovoid with base (Type lb): Cat. no. 815-822........................................................... 80 4.5.2.2.3. Ovoid with flat ends (Type 1c): Cat. no. 823-843...................................................... 80 4.5.2.2.4. Ovoid with base and flat ends (Type Id): Cat. no. 844............................................. 81 4.5.2.2.5. Ovoid with two bases (Type If): Cat. no. 845.............................................................81 4.5.2.2.6. Duck-shaped (Type 2): Cat. no.846-855..................................................................... 81 4.5.2.2.7. Sphere (Type 7a): Cat. no. 856...................................................................................... 82 4.5.2.2.8. Cylinder-shaped (Type 1 la): Cat. no. 857-861........................................................... 82 4.5.2.2.9. Egg-shaped (Type 15): Cat. no. 862-868...................................................................... 82 4.5.2.2.10. Parallelepiped (Type 16a): Cat. no. 869-870............................................................. 82 4.5.2.2.11. Hemisphere (Type 20a): Cat. no. 871..........................................................................82 4.5.2.2.12. Cone (Type 21a): Cat. no. 872.................................................................................... 82 4.5.2.2.13. Truncated cone (Type 21b): Cat. no. 873 ................................................................. 82 4.5.2.3. Metrological notes.............................................................................................................. 82 4.6. Tell Ingharra/Kish..................................................................................................................... 84 4.6.1. Chronologies........................................................................................................................... 85 4.6.2. Weights, potential weights, possible weights and associated finds (Cat. no. 874-886)... 85 4.6.2.1. Archaeological contexts..................................................................................................... 85 4.6.2.2. Catalogue.............................................................................................................................86 4.6.2.2.1. Ovoid with flat ends (Type 1c): Cat. no. 874-878........................................................86 4.6.2.2.2. Duck-shaped (Type 2): Cat. no. 879-883..................................................................... 86 4.6.2.2.3. Frog-shaped (Type 3): Cat. no. 884............................................................................... 86 4.6.2.2.4. Shell-shaped (Type 4): Cat. no. 885.............................................................................. 86 4.6.2.2.5. Fly-shaped (Type 5): Cat. no. 886................................................................................. 86 4.6.2.3. Metrological notes.............................................................................................................. 87 4.7. Tell Muqayar/Ur....................................................................................................................... 87 4.7.1. Chronologies........................................................................................................................... 87 4.7.2. Weight (Cat. no. 887)........................................................................................................... 88 4.7.2.1. Archaeological contexts..................................................................................................... 88 4.7.2.2. Catalogue............................................................................................................................. 89 4.7.2.2.1. ‘Kudurru’-shaped (Type 19): Cat. no. 887.....................................................................89 5 Iranian Highlands....................................................................................................................... 91 5.1. Jiroft valley................................................................................................................................ 91 5.1.1. Chronologies........................................................................................................................... 92 5.1.2. Weights, potential weights, possible weights and associated finds (Cat. no. 888-932)... 94 5.1.2.1. Archaeological contexts..................................................................................................... 96 5.1.2.2. Catalogue.............................................................................................................................96 5.1.2.2.1. Hand bag-shaped (Type 10): Cat.no. 888-929............................................................. 96 5.1.2.2.2. Small column (Type 13): Cat. no.930-931.................................................................... 97 5.1.2.2.3. Pear-shaped (Type 14): Cat. no. 932.............................................................................. 97 5.1.2.3. Metrological notes.............................................................................................................. 97 5.2. Konar Sandal...........................................................................................................................100 5.2.1. Chronologies......................................................................................................................... 100 5.2.2. Weights, potential weights, possible weights and associated finds (Cat. no. 933-937). .101 5.2.2.1. Archaeological contexts................................................................................................... 101 5.2.2.2. Catalogue........................................................................................................................... 101 5.2.2.2.1. Sphere (Type 7a): Cat. no. 933 ..................................................................................... 101 5.2.2.2.2. Sphere with base (Type 7b): Cat. no. 934..................................................................... 101 5.2.2.2.3. Cylinder-shaped (Type Ila): Cat. no. 935................................................................... 101 5.2.2.2.4. Discoid (Type 17a): Cat. no. 936..................................................................................101 5.2.2.2.5. Hemisphere (Type 20a): Cat. no. 937......................................................................... 101 5.2.2.3. Metrological notes............................................................................................................. 101 5.3. Tepe Yahya................................................................................................................................. 101 5.3.1. Chronologies..........................................................................................................................102 5.3.2. Weights, potential weights, possible weights and associated finds (Cat. no. 938-1064) 104 5.3.2.1. Archaeological contexts....................................................................................................104 5.3.2.2. Catalogue........................................................................................................................... 105 5.3.2.2.1. Ovoid (Type la): Cat. no. 938-940.............................................................................. 105 5.3.2.2.2. Ovoid with base (Type lb): Cat. no. 941..................................................................... 105 5.3.2.2.3. Sphere (Type 7a): Cat. no. 942-948............................................................................ 105 5.3.2.2.4. Sphere with base (Type 7b): no. 949-951 ................................................................... 105 5.3.2.2.5. Sphere with two bases (Type 7c): no. 952................................................................... 105 5.3.2.2.6. Rectangular flat pebble (Type 9b): Cat. no. 953-954 ............................................... 105 5.3.2.2.7. Parallelepiped with hole (Type 16b): Cat. no. 955-956 ............................................ 105 5.3.2.2.8. Rounded flat with hole (Type 27): Cat. no. 957-961 ............................................... 105 5.3.2.2.9. Sphere pebble (Type 9d): Cat. no. 962-987................................................................ 105 5.3.2.2.10. Cylinder-shaped with hole (Type lib): Cat. no. 988 ............................................. 106 5.3.2.2.11. Egg-shaped (Type 15): Cat. no. 989 ......................................................................... 106 5.3.2.2.12. Parallelepiped (Type 16a): Cat. no. 990-991............................................................ 106 5.3.2.2.13. Discoid (Type 17a): Cat. no. 992-1006 ................................................................... 106 5.3.2.2.14. Terracotta discoid (Type 17e): Cat. no. 1007-1013................................................. 107 5.3.2.2.15. Cuboid (Type 18a): Cat. no. 1014.............................................................................. 107 5.3.2.2.16. Hemisphere (Type 20a): Cat. no. 1015....................................................................... 107 5.3.2.2.17. Truncated cone (Type 21b): Cat. no. 1016-1017...................................................... 107 5.3.2.2.18. Cone (Type 21a): Cat. no. 1018..................................................................................107 5.3.2.2.19. Clay sphcndonoid (Type 24): Cat. no. 1019-1063 ................................................. 107 5.3.2.2.20. Dome-shaped (Type 25): Cat. no. 1064................................................................... 109 5.3.2.3. Metrological notes..................................................................................................... 109 5.4. Shahr-i Sokhta......................................................................................................................... 109 5.4.1. Chronologies..........................................................................................................................Ill 5.4.2. Weights, potential weights, possible weights and associated finds (Cat. no. 1065-1117) 114 5.4.2.1. Archaeological contexts....................................................................................................114 5.4.2.2. Catalogue........................................................................................................................... 115 5.4.2.2.1. Ovoid (Type la): Cat. no. 1065-1072......................................................................... 115 5.4.2.2.2. Ovoid with base (Type lb): Cat. no. 1073-1075 ...................................................... 116 5.4.2.2.4. Sphere (Type 7a): Cat. no. 1077................................................................................... 116 5.4.2.2.4. Flat pebble in various shapes (Type 9a): Cat. no. 1078-1102.................................... 116 5.4.2.2.5. Sphere pebble (Type 9d): Cat. no. 1103-1110............................................................ 117 5.4.2.2.6. Cylinder-shaped (Type 1 la): Cat. no. 1111-1112...................................................... 117 5.4.2.2.7. Parallelepiped (Type 16a): Cat. no. 1113-1114.......................................................... 118 5.4.2.2.8. Discoid (Type 17a): Cat. no. 1115-1116..................................................................... 118 5.4.2.2.9. Irregular shape (Type 23): Cat. no. 1117..................................................................... 118 4.1.2.3. Metrological notes................................................................................................. 118 5.5. Gorgan plain............................................................................................................................. 118 5.5.1. Chronologies......................................................................................................................... 119 5.5.2. Weights, potential weights, possible weights and associated finds (Cat. no. 1118-1120) 120 5.5.2.1. Archaeological context and chronology...........................................................................120 5.5.2.2. Catalogue........................................................................................................................... 120 5.5.2.2.1. Large ovoid with perforation (Type Ik): Cat. no. 1118-1119.................................... 120 5.5.2.2.2. Small column (Type 13): Cat. no. 1120....................................................................... 120 5.5.2.3. Metrological notes............................................................................................................. 120 6 Greater Indus Valley.................................................................................................................. 121 6.1. Rakhigarhi.................................................................................................................................121 6.1.1. Chronologies......................................................................................................................... 122 6.1.2. Weights, potential weights, possible weights and associated finds (Cat. no. 1121-1135) 122 6.1.2.1. Archaeological contexts....................................................................................................122 6.1.2.2. Catalogue........................................................................................................................... 122 6.1.2.2.1. Sphere pebble (Type 9d): Cat. no. 1121...................................................................... 122 6.1.2.2.2. Parallelepiped (Type 16a): Cat. no. 1122.................................................................... 123 6.1.2.2.3. Discoid in terracotta (Type 17e): Cat. no. 1123-1126.............................................. 123 6.1.2.2.4. Cuboid (Type 18a): Cat. no. 1127-1135 ................................................................... 123 6.2. Farmana.................................................................................................................................... 124 6.2.1. Chronologies......................................................................................................................... 125 6.2.2. Weights, potential weights, possible weights and associated finds (Cat. no. 1136-1143). 125 6.2.2.1. Archaeological contexts................................................................................................... 125 6.2.2.2. Catalogue........................................................................................................................... 125 6.2.2.2.1. Sphere with base (Type 7b): Cat. no. 1136-1137....................................................... 125 6.2.2.2.2. Parallelepiped (Type 16a): Cat. no. 1138-1139 ........................................................ 126 6.2.2.2.3. Discoid (Type 17a): Cat. no. 1140-1141................................................................... 126 6.2.2.2.4. Cuboid (Type 18a): Cat. no. 1142-1143 ................................................................... 126 6.2.2.3. Metrological notes.............................................................................................................126 6.3. Kuntasi...................................................................................................................................... 126 6.3.1. Chronologies......................................................................................................................... 126 6.3.2. Weights, potential weights, possible weights and related-finds (Cat. no. 1144-1145).. 127 6.3.2.1. Archaeological contexts................................................................................................... 127 6.3.2.2. Catalogue........................................................................................................................... 127 6. Յ.2.2.1. Discoid in terracotta (Type 17e): Cat. no. 1144..................................................... 127 6. 3.2.2.2. Cuboid (Type 18a): Cat. no.1145............................................................................. 127 4. 3.2.3. Metrological notes........................................................................................................ 127 6.4. Nageshwar................................................................................................................................ 127 6.4.1. Chronologies......................................................................................................................... 127 6.4.2. Weights, potential weights, possible weights and associated finds (Cat. no. 1146)......... 127 6.4.2.1. Archaeological contexts................................................................................................... 127 6.4.2.2. Catalogue........................................................................................................................... 127 6.4.2.2. 1. Cuboid (Type 18a): Cat. no.1146............................................................................. 127 4.4.2.3. Metrological notes.............................................................................................................127 6.5. Nagwada.................................................................................................................................. 127 6.5.1. Chronologies......................................................................................................................... 128 6.5.2. Weights, potential weights, possible weights and associated finds (Cat. no. 1147-1162) 128 6.5.2.1. Archaeological contexts................................................................................................... 128 6.5.2.2. Catalogue........................................................................................................................... 128 6.5.2.2.1. Sphere with base (Type 7b): Cat. no. 1147-1148........................................................ 128 6.5.2.2.2. Sphere pebble (Type 9d): Cat. no. 1149-1156 .......................................................... 129 6.5.2.2.3. Parallelepiped (Type 16a): Cat. no. 1157.................................................................... 129 6.5.2.2.4. Discoid (Type 17a): Cat. no. 1158............................................................................... 129 6.5.2.2.5. Cuboid (Type 18a): Cat. no. 1159-1161 .....................................................................129 6.5.2.2.6. Cuboid in terracotta (Type 18b): Cat. no. 1162.......................................................... 129 6.5.2.3. Metrological notes.............................................................................................................129 6.6. Shikarpur.................................................................................................................................. 130 6.6.1. Chronologies......................................................................................................................... 130 6.6.2. Weights, potential weights, possible weights and associated finds (Cat. no. 1163-1169) 130 6.6.2.1. Archaeological contexts................................................................................................... 130 6.6.2.2. Catalogue........................................................................................................................... 131 6.6.2.2.1. Parallelepiped (Type 16a): Cat. no. 1163.....................................................................131 6.6.2.2.2. Cuboid (Type 18a): Cat. no. 1164-1167.....................................................................131 6.6.2.2.3. Cuboid in terracotta (Type 18b): Cat. no. 1168-1169............................................... 131 6.6.2.3. Metrological notes.............................................................................................................131 6.7. Bagasra...................................................................................................................................... 131 6.7.1. Chronologies......................................................................................................................... 132 6.7.2. Weights, potential weights, possible weights and associated finds (Cat. no. 1170-1188) 132 6.7.2.1. Archaeological contexts................................................................................................... 132 6.7.2.2. Catalogue........................................................................................................................... 133 6.7.2.2.1. Biconic (Type 12): Cat. no. 1170-1172 ..................................................................... 133 6.7.2.2.3. Cuboid (Type 18a): Cat. no. 1176-1188 ................................................................... 134 6.7.2.3. Metrological notes.............................................................................................................134 6.8. Dholavira.................................................................................................................................. 134 6.8.1. Chronologies......................................................................................................................... 134 6.8.2. Weights, potential weights, possible weights and related-finds (Cat. no. 1189-2058).. 135 6.8.2.1. Archaeological contexts................................................................................................ 136 6.8.2.2. Catalogue...................................................................................................................... 142 6.8.2.2.1. Ovoid with flat ends (Type 1c): Cat. no. 1189-1199............................................... 142 6.8.2.2.2. Ovoid with base and flat ends (Type Id): Cat. no. 1200-1201................................. 142 6.8.2.2.3. Ovoid with two bases and flat ends (Type 1g): Cat. no. 1202................................. 142 6.8.2.2.4. Shell-shaped (Type 4): Cat. no. 1203........................................................................ 142 6.8.2.2.5. Sphere (Type 7a): Cat. no. 1204.............................................................................. 142 6.8.2.2.6. Sphere with base (Type 7b): Cat. no. 1205-1214.................................................... 142 6.8.2.2.7. Sphere with two bases (Type 7c): Cat. no. 1215........................................................ 143 6.8.2.2.8. Sphere pebble (Type 9d): Cat. no. 1216-1217......................................................... 143 6.8.2.2.9. Cylinder-shaped (Type Ila): Cat. no. 1218-1284.................................................... 143 6.8.2.2.10. Semi-cylinder-shaped (Type 11c): Cat. no. 128 5-1293..........................................144 6.8.2.2.11. Biconic (Type 12): Cat. no. 1294-1355 ................................................................ 145 6.8.2.2.12. Parallelepiped (Type 16a): Cat. no. 1356-1505...................................................... 146 6.8.2.2.13. Discoid (Type 17a): Cat. no. 1506-1607................................................................ 150 6.8.2.2.14. Octagonal discoid (Type 17c): Cat. no. 1608......................................................... 153 6.8.2.2.15. Discoid in terracotta (Type 17e): Cat. no. 1609-1649........................................... 153 6.8.2.2.16. Cuboid (Type 18a): Cat. no. 1650-1986 ............................................................... 154 6.8.2.2.17. Cuboid in terracotta (Type 18b): Cat. no. 1987-1996.......................................... 164 6.8.2.2.18. Hemisphere (Type 20a): Cat. no. 1997-2005......................................................... 164 6.8.2.2.19. Truncated hemisphere (Type 20b): Cat. no. 2006-2015........................................ 165 6.8.2.2.20. Cone (Type 21a): Cat. no. 2016.............................................................................. 165 6.8.2.2.21. Truncated cone (Type 21b): Cat. no. 2017-2045................................................... 165 6.8.2.2.22. Pyramid-shaped (Type 22): Cat. no. 2046-2050.................................................... 166 6.8.2.2.23. Dome-shaped (Type 25): Cat. no. 2051-2057........................................................166 6.8.2.2.24. Trapezoid-shaped (Type 26): Cat. no. 2058 .......................................................... 166 6.8.2.3. Metrological notes........................................................................................................ 166 7 Conclusions............................................................................................................................. 175 Appendix Jan Tavernier Inscribed weights................................................................................................................. 179 Bibliography.............................................................................................................................. 185 Plates............................................................................................................................................ 215
any_adam_object	1
author	Ascalone, Enrico
author2	Tavernier, Jan ca. 20./21. Jh
author2_role	ctb
author2_variant	j t jt
author_GND	(DE-588)131420771 (DE-588)1173256350
author_facet	Ascalone, Enrico Tavernier, Jan ca. 20./21. Jh
author_role	aut
author_sort	Ascalone, Enrico
author_variant	e a ea
building	Verbundindex
bvnumber	BV048889007
classification_rvk	NG 4020 NG 6020 NG 9820
ctrlnum	(OCoLC)1372650368 (DE-599)DNB1272630692
dewey-full	389.15093491 389.150935
dewey-hundreds	300 - Social sciences
dewey-ones	389 - Metrology and standardization
dewey-raw	389.15093491 389.150935
dewey-search	389.15093491 389.150935
dewey-sort	3389.15093491
dewey-tens	380 - Commerce, communications, transportation
discipline	Geschichte Wirtschaftswissenschaften
format	Book
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geographic	Iran (DE-588)4027653-3 gnd Mesopotamien (DE-588)4038788-4 gnd
geographic_facet	Iran Mesopotamien
id	DE-604.BV048889007
illustrated	Illustrated
indexdate	2024-12-20T19:54:50Z
institution	BVB
institution_GND	(DE-588)2015270-X
isbn	9783529035425 3529035424
language	English
oai_aleph_id	oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-034153612
oclc_num	1372650368
open_access_boolean
owner	DE-12 DE-29 DE-20 DE-188 DE-M157
owner_facet	DE-12 DE-29 DE-20 DE-188 DE-M157
physical	278 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten 31 cm
psigel	gbd_1 BSB_NED_20230807
publishDate	2022
publishDateSearch	2022
publishDateSort	2022
publisher	Wachholtz Verlag
record_format	marc
series	Weight & value
series2	Weight & value
spellingShingle	Ascalone, Enrico Bronze Age weights from Mesopotamia, Iran & Greater Indus Valley Weight & value Harappakultur (DE-588)4023410-1 gnd Gewichtsstück (DE-588)4234189-9 gnd Maßsystem (DE-588)4169063-1 gnd Bronzezeit (DE-588)4008357-3 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4023410-1 (DE-588)4234189-9 (DE-588)4169063-1 (DE-588)4008357-3 (DE-588)4027653-3 (DE-588)4038788-4
title	Bronze Age weights from Mesopotamia, Iran & Greater Indus Valley
title_auth	Bronze Age weights from Mesopotamia, Iran & Greater Indus Valley
title_exact_search	Bronze Age weights from Mesopotamia, Iran & Greater Indus Valley
title_full	Bronze Age weights from Mesopotamia, Iran & Greater Indus Valley by Enrico Ascalone ; with a contribution from Jan Tavernier
title_fullStr	Bronze Age weights from Mesopotamia, Iran & Greater Indus Valley by Enrico Ascalone ; with a contribution from Jan Tavernier
title_full_unstemmed	Bronze Age weights from Mesopotamia, Iran & Greater Indus Valley by Enrico Ascalone ; with a contribution from Jan Tavernier
title_short	Bronze Age weights from Mesopotamia, Iran & Greater Indus Valley
title_sort	bronze age weights from mesopotamia iran greater indus valley
topic	Harappakultur (DE-588)4023410-1 gnd Gewichtsstück (DE-588)4234189-9 gnd Maßsystem (DE-588)4169063-1 gnd Bronzezeit (DE-588)4008357-3 gnd
topic_facet	Harappakultur Gewichtsstück Maßsystem Bronzezeit Iran Mesopotamien
url	http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=0c33b833d4304464a704999bd63eadfd&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm https://d-nb.info/1272630692/04 http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034153612&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034153612&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
volume_link	(DE-604)BV047153748
work_keys_str_mv	AT ascaloneenrico bronzeageweightsfrommesopotamiairangreaterindusvalley AT tavernierjan bronzeageweightsfrommesopotamiairangreaterindusvalley AT wachholtzverlag bronzeageweightsfrommesopotamiairangreaterindusvalley

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