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Metal and metalworking in the Bronze Age Tell settlements from the Carpathian Basin:

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Main Author:	Găvan, Alexandra 1986- (Author)
Format:	Book
Language:	English
Published:	Cluj-Napoca Mega Publishing House 2015
Subjects:	Geschichte Bronzezeit Archäologie Wohnhügel Metallverarbeitung Pannonisches Becken
Links:	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030953637&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
Physical Description:	375 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
ISBN:	9786065436626

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adam_text	CONTENTS ѳ a © © ® ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.......................................................................................................................................................... 9 INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................................................... 11 CHAPTER 1. BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY OF METALS AND METALWORKING IN THE BRONZE AGE TELL SETTLEMENTS OFTHE CARPATHIAN BASIN...................................................................................................................... 15 1. Geographical setting and the non-ferrous ores...................................................................................................... 15 1.1. Topography, hydrography and climate............................................................................................................. 16 1.2. Ore deposits in the Carpathian Basin.............................................................................................................. 16 2. Cultural and chronological framework.................................................................................................................... 19 2.1. Early and Middle Bronze Age groups in the Carpathian Basin.................................................................... 19 2.2. The relative chronological framework and absolute chronology.............................................................. 21 3. Bronze Age Tell Settlements in the Carpathian Basin: a brief overview........................................................... 24 CHAPTER 2. PREVIOUS RESEARCH: AN OVERVIEW........................................................................................................ 29 1. The early years.............................................................................................................................................................. 29 2. After World War II: the focus on typology............................................................................................................... 30 3. Approaches to metalworking in Bronze Age tells.................................................................................................. 31 4. Social interpretations............................................................................................................................................... 33 CHAPTER 3. THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECORD................................................................................................................. 35 1. Find context: general assessments.......................................................................................................................... 35 2. Artefacts from the settlement layers....................................................................................................................... 36 3. Metal hoards in Bronze Age tells............................................................................................................................. 40 3.1. Find context........................................................................................................................................................... 41 3.2. Structure and content........................................................................................................................................ 44 3.3. Possible interpretations.................................................................................................................................... 46 CHAPTER 4. METALWORKING IN BRONZE AGETELL SETTLEMENTS OFTHE CARPATHIAN BASIN........................... 51 1. Metalworking-related artefacts................................................................................................................................. 51 1.1. Casting moulds..................................................................................................................................................... 54 1.2. Tuyères................................................................................................................................................................... 59 1.3. Casting cores........................................................................................................................................................ 60 1.4. Casting debris and casting jets......................................................................................................................... 61 1.5. Ingots and casting cakes....................................................................................................................................62 1.6. Crucibles............................................................................................................................................................... 62 1.7. Other metalworking-related artefacts.............................................................................................................. 63 2. Distribution and find context of metalworking-related artefacts...................................................................... 64 2.1. Distribution...........................................................................................................................................................64 2.2. Find context ........ 67 3. Metalworking workshops in the Bronze Age tell settlements............................................................................. 71 CHAPTER 5. TYPOLOGY AND CHRONOLOGY OFTHE METALWORK DISCOVERED IN THE BRONZE AGE TELL SETTLEMENTS.............................................................................................................................................................. 83 1. Tools and weapons.............................................................................................................................................. 85 1.1 Axes................................................................................................................................................................ 86 1.1.1. Flat axes................................................................................................................................................. 86 1.1.2. Flanged axes......................................................................................................................................... 88 1.1.3. Palstaves............................................................................................................................................... 89 1.1.4. Shaft-hole axes..................................................................................................................................... 91 1.1.4.1. Hajdúsámson-type axes................................................................................................................ 91 1.1.4.2. Monteoru-type axes......................................................................................................................92 1.1.4.3. Tószeg-type axes........................................................................................................................... 93 7.7.4.4. Axes with ridged half-sleeve (Nackenkammäxte)...................................................................... 95 1.1.5. Disc-butted axes.................................................................................................................................. 98 1.1.6. Shaft-tube axes (Schaftröhrenäxte)................................................................................................. 100 7.2. Daggers...................................................................................................................................................... 102 1.2.1. Daggers with tongue-shaped hilts (Griffzungendolche )................................................................. 103 1.2.2. Daggers with hilt-plates (Griffplattendolche)..................................................................................104 1.3. Chisels........................................................................................................................................................ 107 1.3.1. Flat chisels.......................................................................................................................................... 107 1.3.2. Socketed chisels................................................................................................................................ 108 7.4. Sickles.......................................................................................................................................................... 111 1.5. Spearheads................... 112 1.6. Awls................... :........................................................................................................................................ 114 1.7. Sewing needles.......................................................................................................................................... 116 1.8. Halberds..................................................................................................................................................... 116 7.9. Knives.......................................................................................................................................................... 117 2. Ornaments and dress accessories.................................................................................................................. 117 2.7. Beads.......................................................................................................................................................... 118 2.2. Buttons/tutuli........................................................................................................................................... 120 2.3. Pendants.................................................................................................................................................... 121 2.3.1. Spectacle spiral pendants (Brillenspiralen).................................................................................... 121 2.3.2. Kosziderpadlás-type pendants........................................................................................................ 122 2.3.3. Crescent-shaped pendants (Halbmondförmige Anhänger)..........................................................122 2.3.3.1. Simple crescent-shaped pendants........................................................................................... 123 2.3.3.2. Crescent-shaped pendants with a spike-shaped central ornament..................................... 125 2.3.4. Moon-shaped pendants with central ornament.............................................................................125 2.3.5. Heart-shaped pendants (Herzförmige Blechanhänger)................................................................ 127 2.3.6. Anchor and swallowtail-shaped pendants.................................................................................... 128 2.3.7. Disc-shaped pendants with concentric ribs (Kreisrippenanhänger, Stachelscheiben)............. 129 2.3.8. Disc-shaped pendants with crossed ribs (Kreuzrippenanhänger).............................................. 129 2.3.8.1. “Horned” pendant with crossed-ribs....................................................................................... 131 2.3.9. Horseshoe-shaped pendants (Hufeisenförmige Anhänger)......................................................... 131 2.3.10. Funnel-shaped pendants (trichterförmige Anhänger).................................................................132 2.3.11. Wheel-shaped pendants................................................................................................................. 132 2.4. Tubes made of rolled sheet or coiled wire.............................................................................................. 133 2.5. Rings.......................................................................................................................................................... 134 2.6. Pins............................................................................................................................................................ 137 2.6.1. Cypriot knot-headed pins (Zyprische Schleifennadeln).................................................................139 2.6.2. Roll-headed pins (Rollenkofpnadeln)............................................................................................. 139 2.6.3. Hülsenkopfnadeln............................................................................................................................ 140 2.6.4. Loop-headed pins (Schlaufennadeln)............................................................................................140 2.6.5. Pins with obliquely perforated head (Nadeln mit schräg durchlochtem Kopf)............................ 141 2.6.6. Sickle-shaped pins (Sichelnadeln)................................................................................................. 144 2.6.7. Barca-type pins........................... 145 2.6.8. Pins with perforated neck (Lochhalsnadelri)...................................................................... 147 2.7. Simple bracelets/Arm rings.................................................................................................................................... 148 2.8. Horizontally ribbed armlets (längsgerippte Armbände)................................................................................. 150 2.9. Spiral arm rings......................................................................................................................................................... 150 2.10. Arm-guard spirals (Handschutzspiralen/Armschutzspiralen)..................................................................... 152 2.77. Belt buckles (Gürtelhacken/Gürtelschließen)................................................................................................... 152 2.12. Sheet metal plaques................................................................................................................................................. 153 2.73. Discs.............................................................................................................................................................................. 154 2.74. Neck rings, necklaces and diadems..................................................................................................................... 155 CHAPTER 6. TELLS IN THE CONTEXT OF EARLY AND MIDDLE BRONZE AGE METALLURGY IN THE CARPATHIAN BASIN....................................................................................................................................................................... 157 1. Metalworking-related artefacts from theCarpathian Basin..................................................................................... 157 7.7 Flat settlements.............................................................................................................................................................. 159 7.2. Graves..............................................................................................................................................................................162 7.3. Hoards............................................................................................................................................................................. 163 7.4. Isolated finds and artefacts with an unknown find context............................................................................ 165 2. Distribution of metalworking-relatedartefacts inthe Carpathian Basin.............................................................. 166 3. Tells - metalworking centres?......................................................................................................................................... 168 CONCLUDING REMARKS: METAL AND METALWORKING IN BRONZE AGE TELL SETTLEMENTS............................... 175 APPENDIX 1. CATALOGUE OF FINISHED METAL PRODUCTS AND METALWORKING-RELATED ARTEFACTS DISCOVERED IN THE BRONZE AGE TELL SETTLEMENTS OFTHE CARPATHIAN BASIN............................................... 185 APPENDIX 2. LIST OF SITES IN THE CARPATHIAN BASIN WITH EVIDENCE RELATED TO METALWORKING DATING TO THE TIME PERIOD WHEN THE TELLS WERE OCCUPIED........................................................ 235 ABBREVIATIONSAND REFERENCES......................................................................................................................................... 245 PLATES.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 283
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era	Geschichte gnd
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spellingShingle	Găvan, Alexandra 1986- Metal and metalworking in the Bronze Age Tell settlements from the Carpathian Basin Bronzezeit (DE-588)4008357-3 gnd Archäologie (DE-588)4002827-6 gnd Wohnhügel (DE-588)4190167-8 gnd Metallverarbeitung (DE-588)4122282-9 gnd
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title	Metal and metalworking in the Bronze Age Tell settlements from the Carpathian Basin
title_auth	Metal and metalworking in the Bronze Age Tell settlements from the Carpathian Basin
title_exact_search	Metal and metalworking in the Bronze Age Tell settlements from the Carpathian Basin
title_full	Metal and metalworking in the Bronze Age Tell settlements from the Carpathian Basin Alexandra Găvan
title_fullStr	Metal and metalworking in the Bronze Age Tell settlements from the Carpathian Basin Alexandra Găvan
title_full_unstemmed	Metal and metalworking in the Bronze Age Tell settlements from the Carpathian Basin Alexandra Găvan
title_short	Metal and metalworking in the Bronze Age Tell settlements from the Carpathian Basin
title_sort	metal and metalworking in the bronze age tell settlements from the carpathian basin
topic	Bronzezeit (DE-588)4008357-3 gnd Archäologie (DE-588)4002827-6 gnd Wohnhügel (DE-588)4190167-8 gnd Metallverarbeitung (DE-588)4122282-9 gnd
topic_facet	Bronzezeit Archäologie Wohnhügel Metallverarbeitung Pannonisches Becken
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