The biology of urban environments:
Gespeichert in:
| Beteilige Person: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Oxford
Oxford University Press
2018
|
| Ausgabe: | First edition |
| Schriftenreihe: | Biology of habitats
|
| Schlagwörter: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030287480&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030287480&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Beschreibung: | Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke |
| Umfang: | xii, 294 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9780198827245 9780198827238 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
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| adam_text | Contents Acknowledgements Preface 1 What is the urban environment and what is biology? 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Urban environments 1.2.1 How the influence of the urban environment spread across the globe 1.2.2 Urbanization in the twenty-first century 1.3 The scope ofbiology 1.4 Structure of the book ix xi l 1 1 1 4 7 10 The Urban Environment PART I 2 3 The built environment 17 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 17 17 19 24 28 Introduction Historic development of the built environment Urban form and increasing populations Individual buildings Conclusion The physical environment 29 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 29 29 37 39 41 44 45 46 Introduction Climate Air Water Soil Noise Light Conclusion
vi CONTENTS 4 The natural environment 47 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Temporal change 47 47 49 53 55 55 60 62 68 69 4.2.1 Loss and fragmentation 4.2.2 Disturbance 4.3 New vegetated areas 4.3.1 New opportunities 4.3.2 Structure 4.3.3 Succession 4.4 Abandoned urban areas 4.5 Conclusion Diversity and Distribution PART II 5 Diversity of organisms 73 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 Conclusion 73 73 76 79 82 82 83 84 88 93 Relationships 94 Introduction Prions and viruses Microbiota Plants Animals 5.5.1 Invertebrates 5.5.2 Amphibian and reptile species 5.5.3 Birds 5.5.4 Mammals 6 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Plants 6.3 Animals in or closely associated with the home 6.3.1 A tale of two mice 6.3.2 Domestication 6.3.3 Companion animals 6.4 Parasites and pests 6.4.1 Parasites 6.4.2 Invertebrate pests 6.4.3 Vertebrate pests 6.5 Conclusion 94 94 98 98 100 101 106 106 107 109 113
CONTENTS vii 7 Temporal patterns 114 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Patterns of introduction 7.4 Conclusion 114 115 115 120 121 123 123 126 128 130 131 Spatial patterns 132 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 132 133 140 143 146 153 7.2.1 Movement 7.2.2 Pests and diseases 7.3 Patterns of extinction 7.3.1 7.3.2 7.3.3 7.3.4 7.3.5 8 PART III 9 Patterns of loss Extinction debt Plant traits and extinction Variation between cities Island biogeography Introduction Gradients Urban signatures The Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis (IDH) Variation in distribution patterns Conclusion Adapting to Urban Living Strategies 157 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 157 158 161 165 166 167 170 171 173 Introduction Specialist and generalist species Strategies adopted by plants Urban avoiders, adapters, exploiters, and obligates 9.4.1 9.4.2 9.4.3 9.4.4 Urban Urban Urban Urban avoiders adapters exploiters (also knownas human associates) obligates (also known as human obligates) 9.5 Conclusion 10 Physiological and behavioural changes 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Genetic, phenotypic (morphologic), and behavioural adaptations 174 174 174
viii CONTENTS 10.3 Adaptations to noise 10.3.1 Avoidance and surveillance 10.3.2 Vocalization adaptations: amplitude andfrequency shifts 10.3.3 Vocalization adaptations: durational shifts 10.3.4 Vocalization adaptations: temporal shifts 10.4 Problems caused by, and adaptation to, artificial light 10.5 Evolutionary traps 10.6 Conclusion PART IV People and Nature 11 Human biology and the urban environment 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 12 182 185 186 187 188 189 193 196 199 Introduction An urban lifestyle Environment and health Health benefits of interacting with nature in the urban environment 11.5 Conclusion 199 202 206 A new relationship 2i6 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 216 216 220 229 Introduction Changing views on nature and conservation New values Conclusion Glossary References Subject Index Index of Ill Health/Disease List of Species and Other Taxa List of Cites in the Text 208 214 231 237 279 286 288 293
Biology of Habitats The Biology of Urban Environments How do plants, animals, and humans survive in, and adapt to. an urban habitat? This accessible textbook pro ides a comprehensive overview of the biological factors related to urban environments. A rigorous conceptual and theoretical framework is enriched with practical examples, offering insights into the challenges presented by this novel environment. The focus is on urban denizens: species (both domesticated and non-domesticated) that live for all or part of their life cycle in towns and cities. The biology of companion animals and household plants is discussed alongside that of feral and undomesticated species. Temporal and spatial distribution patterns are described, with generalizations made and exceptions discussed. The ariete of strategies and adaptations-—-genotypic, phenoty pic. and behav iouralused by plants and animals faced w ith the challenges presented by urban environments are explained in detail. The book concludes with a discussion of the impacts of urban environments on human biology and how this know ledge might be usefully applied to address the increasing human health burden associated w ith illnesses that are now characteristic of urbanites in the early twenty-first century. The Binlo ev of Urban Environments prov ides a highly readable introduction for anv student, researcher, or professional addressing the multiplicity of issues w hielt aceompanv a fast-grow ing w orld population and the associated global phenomenon of urbanization. Architects, planners, health professionals, ecologists, land
managers, and politicians will all find this book a useful and authoritative summary of contemporary thinking on urban biolotrv.
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| id | DE-604.BV044893520 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-20T18:13:32Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780198827245 9780198827238 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-030287480 |
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| physical | xii, 294 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
| psigel | UBM-RCC |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publishDateSearch | 2018 |
| publishDateSort | 2018 |
| publisher | Oxford University Press |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Biology of habitats |
| spellingShingle | James, Philip The biology of urban environments Stadtökologie (DE-588)4077809-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4077809-5 |
| title | The biology of urban environments |
| title_auth | The biology of urban environments |
| title_exact_search | The biology of urban environments |
| title_full | The biology of urban environments Philip James |
| title_fullStr | The biology of urban environments Philip James |
| title_full_unstemmed | The biology of urban environments Philip James |
| title_short | The biology of urban environments |
| title_sort | the biology of urban environments |
| topic | Stadtökologie (DE-588)4077809-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Stadtökologie |
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Teilbibliothek Weihenstephan
| Signatur: |
1002 BIO 144f 2018 A 3804
Lageplan |
|---|---|
| Exemplar 1 | Ausleihbar Am Standort |