The neuroscience of expertise:
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cambridge
Cambridge University Press
2017
|
| Series: | Cambridge fundamentals of neuroscience in psychology
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| Subjects: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029293620&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Physical Description: | xvi, 300 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9781107084599 9781107446519 |
Staff View
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Record in the Search Index
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Contents
Preface Pa8e xi
List of Abbreviations xv
1 Introduction to Research on Expertise 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Definition of Expertise and Its Domains 2
1.3 Cognitive Mechanisms in Expertise 5
1.3.1 Perceptual and Cognitive Expertise 7
1.3.2 Motor Expertise 13
1.4 How the Brain Accommodates Expertise 15
1.4.1 Neuroimaging Techniques 15
1.4.2 Organism Adaptability 16
1.4.3 Functional and Structural Reorganization 19
1.4.4 Neural Implementation of Perceptual and
Cognitive Expertise 21
1.4.5 Neural Implementation of Motor Expertise 24
1.5 Expertise as a Research Vehicle in Cognitive Neuroscience 27
1.6 Conclusion 30
2 Perceptual Expertise 34
2.1 Introduction 34
2.2 Anatomy of the Perceptual System 35
2.2.1 Visual System 37
2.2.2 Auditory System 39
2.2.3 Tactile System 41
2.2.4 Gustatory and Olfactory Systems 41
2.3 Adaptability of the Perceptual System 42
2.4 Visual Expertise 45
2.4.1 Face Perception 45
2.4.1.1 Holistic Processing in Face Perception 46
2.4.1.2 Individual Differences in Face Perception 49
2.4.1.3 Neural Implementation of Face Perception 51
2.4.1.4 Are Faces Unique? 56
2.4.1.5 The Fusiform Face Area (FFA) as a Brain
Module 57
viii
Contents
2.4.2 Radiological Expertise 58
2.4.2Л Cognitive Mechanisms in Radiological
Expertise 62
2.4.2.2 Neural implementation of Radiological
Expertise 65
2.4.3 Fingerprint Expertise 71
2.4.4 Musical Notation 74
2.5 Auditory Expertise 77
2.5.1 Absolute Pitch (AP) and Its Neuronal
Implementation 77
2.5.2 Anatomy of AP NO
2.5.3 Complex Musical Aspects and Their Neural
Implementation N2
2.6 Tactile Expertise 83
2.7 Gustative Expertise 85
2.8 Olfactory Expertise 01
2.9 Conclusion 95
3 Cognitive Expertise 100
3.1 Introduction 100
3.2 Memory Systems and Their Neural Basis 102
3.3 Memory Expertise (Superior Memory) 105
3.3.1 Natural Memorizers 106
3.3.2 Strategic Memorizers 107
3.3.3 Memory Training 109
3.3.4 Skilled Memory and Long-Term Working Memory 111
3.3.5 Neural Basis of Expert Memorizers 114
3.3.5.1 Expert Memorizers ֊ Functional
Implementation 114
3.3.5.2 Expert Memorizers - Structural
Characteristics 117
3.3.5.3 Expert Memorizers - Training Studies 118
3.4 Calculation Expertise 120
3.4.1 Mental Calculators 122
3.4.2 Abacus Calculators 126
3.4.3 Summary 135
3.5 Expertise in Board Games 136
3.5.1 The Beginning of the Scientific Study of Expertise 136
3.5.2 Knowledge Structures in Expertise 139
Contents ¡x
3.5.3 Memory and Problem Solving in Expertise 141
3.5.4 Theories of Expertise 144
3.5.5 Neural Implementation of (Board) Expertise 145
3.5.5.1 Skilled Object Recognition 146
3.5.5.2 Pattern Recognition 149
3.5.5.3 Problem Solving 154
3.5.5.4 Anatomical Changes 158
3.6 Spatial Expertise 160
3.6.1 Cognitive Mechanisms in Spatial Expertise 161
3.6.2 Neural Implementation and Anatomical
Changes in Spatial Expertise 162
3.7 Conclusion 165
4 Motor Expertise 170
4.1 Introduction 170
4.2 Anatomy of the Motor System 171
4.2.1 Cortical Motor System 172
4.2.2 Subcortical Motor System 175
4.3 Adaptability of the Motor System 177
4.4 Simple Motor Tasks (Skill Acquisition) 178
4.4.1 Structural Changes in the Motor System
During Skill Acquisition 178
4.4.2 Functional Changes in the Motor System
During Skill Acquisition 183
4.5 Motor Expertise 186
4.5.1 Structural Changes in Motor System in Expertise 186
4.6 Music (Motor) Expertise 188
4.6.1 Cross-Sectional Studies 189
4.7 Cognitive Component in Motor Expertise 192
4.7.1 Early Investigations on Motor Expertise 193
4.7.2 The Role of Memory in Motor Expertise 195
4.7.3 Decision Making in Motor Expertise 197
4.7.4 Occlusion Paradigm 201
4.8 Neural Implementation of Motor Expertise 204
4.8.1 Mirror Neurons in Motor Expertise 207
4.8.2 Action Observation Network (AON) in Sports 212
4.8.3 Temporal Occlusion and AON in Motor Expertise 215
4.8.4 Deception and the AON in Motor Expertise 217
4.9 Conclusion 220
X
Contents
5 The Road to Expertise 223
5.1 Introduction 223
5.2 Different Experts, Same Cognitive and Neural Mechanisms 225
5.2.1 Double Take of Expertise 227
5.3 Different Approaches in Expertise Research 228
5.3.1 Expertise,Training and Aging 229
5.3.2 Functional Changes Related to Expertise and Aging 231
5.3.3 Structural Changes Related to Expertise and Aging 232
5.4 The Road to Expertise 234
5.4.1 Practice and Individual Differences 234
5.5 Nature Versus Nurture in Neuroscience 238
5.5.1 Tactile Ability 238
5.5.2 Spatial Navigation - Taxi Driving 240
5.5.3 Music Ability 241
5.6 Deliberate Practice 243
5.6.1 Deliberate Practice Versus Talent 247
5.7 Conclusion 248
Key Terms 252
References 264
Index 289
Color plates are to be found between pp. 144 and 145 |
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| isbn | 9781107084599 9781107446519 |
| language | English |
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| publishDate | 2017 |
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| series2 | Cambridge fundamentals of neuroscience in psychology |
| spelling | Bilalić, Merim Verfasser aut The neuroscience of expertise Merim Bilalić, University of Northumbria at Newcastle, University of Klagenfurt Cambridge Cambridge University Press 2017 xvi, 300 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Cambridge fundamentals of neuroscience in psychology Neurowissenschaften (DE-588)7555119-6 gnd rswk-swf Gehirn (DE-588)4019752-9 gnd rswk-swf Kognitive Psychologie (DE-588)4073586-2 gnd rswk-swf Fachwissen (DE-588)4195141-4 gnd rswk-swf Fachwissen (DE-588)4195141-4 s Gehirn (DE-588)4019752-9 s Kognitive Psychologie (DE-588)4073586-2 s Neurowissenschaften (DE-588)7555119-6 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Bamberg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029293620&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Bilalić, Merim The neuroscience of expertise Neurowissenschaften (DE-588)7555119-6 gnd Gehirn (DE-588)4019752-9 gnd Kognitive Psychologie (DE-588)4073586-2 gnd Fachwissen (DE-588)4195141-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)7555119-6 (DE-588)4019752-9 (DE-588)4073586-2 (DE-588)4195141-4 |
| title | The neuroscience of expertise |
| title_auth | The neuroscience of expertise |
| title_exact_search | The neuroscience of expertise |
| title_full | The neuroscience of expertise Merim Bilalić, University of Northumbria at Newcastle, University of Klagenfurt |
| title_fullStr | The neuroscience of expertise Merim Bilalić, University of Northumbria at Newcastle, University of Klagenfurt |
| title_full_unstemmed | The neuroscience of expertise Merim Bilalić, University of Northumbria at Newcastle, University of Klagenfurt |
| title_short | The neuroscience of expertise |
| title_sort | the neuroscience of expertise |
| topic | Neurowissenschaften (DE-588)7555119-6 gnd Gehirn (DE-588)4019752-9 gnd Kognitive Psychologie (DE-588)4073586-2 gnd Fachwissen (DE-588)4195141-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Neurowissenschaften Gehirn Kognitive Psychologie Fachwissen |
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