Organic photovoltaics: materials, device physics, and manufacturing technologies
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| Other Authors: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Weinheim
Wiley-VCH
2014
|
| Edition: | 2. ed. |
| Subjects: | |
| Links: | http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=4485860&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=027016566&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Physical Description: | XVIII, 618 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9783527332250 3527332251 9783527656943 9783527656936 9783527656929 9783527656912 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Organic photovoltaics |b materials, device physics, and manufacturing technologies |c ed. by Christoph Brabec ... |
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| adam_text | CONTENTS
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS XIII
PART ONE MATERIALS FOR THIN FILM ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAICS 1
1 OVERVIEW OF POLYMER AND COPOLYMER MATERIALS FOR ORGANIC
PHOTOVOLTAICS 3
SOLON P. ECONOMOPOULOS, CRIGORIOS ITSKOS, PANAYIOTIS A. KOUTENTIS,
AND STELIOS A. CHOULIS
1.1 INTRODUCTION 3
1.2 EARLY EFFORTS 4
1.3 TOWARD DEVICES WITH 5% EFFICIENCIES 5
1.4 NOVEL THIOPHENE-CONTAINING POLYMERS
8
1.5 FLUORENE-CONTAINING MOLECULES 11
1.6 CARBAZOLE-BASED COPOLYMERS 13
1.7 NEW HETEROCYCLIC POLYMERS 15
1.8 POLYMERS BASED ON OTHER TYPES OF BUILDING BLOCKS 16
1.9 CONCLUSIONS 17
REFERENCES 18
2 THIOPHENE-BASED HIGH-PERFORMANCE DONOR POLYMERS
FOR ORGANIC SOLAR CELLS 27
BOB C. SCHROEDER, RAJA SHAHID ASHRAF, AND LAIN MCCULLOCH
2.1 INTRODUCTION 27
2.2 BANDGAP ENGINEERING 28
2.3 CHARGE GENERATION IN BULK HETEROJUNCTION ORGANIC SOLAR CELLS 29
2.4 POLYALKYLTHIOPHENES 31
2.4.1 SYNTHESIS 31
2.4.2 OPTICAL AND SOLID-STATE PROPERTIES 33
2.5 POLYALKYLTHIOPHENE/PCBM BLENDS 35
2.6 POLYTHIOPHENE COPOLYMERS 37
2H SIDE CHAIN FUNCTIONALIZED P3AT DERIVATIVES 38
2.8 THIRD-GENERATION POLYTHIOPHENES 39
HTTP://D-NB.INFO/104345652X
VII CONTENTS
2.9 THIOPHENE-BASED PUSH-PULL COPOLYMERS 42
2.10 BENZO[L,2-B:4,5-B ]DITHIOPHENE-BASED POLYMERS 44
2.11 CYCLOPENTA[2,L-B:3,4-B ]DITHIOPHENE-BASED POLYMERS 46
2.12 INDACENODITHIOPHENE-BASED POLYMERS 50
2.13 CONCLUSION AND OUTLOOK 54
REFERENCES 55
3 MOLECULAR DESIGN OF CONJUGATED POLYMERS FOR HIGH-EFFICIENCY
SOLAR CELLS 61
LIQIANG YANG, HUAXING ZHOU, ANDREW C. STUART, AND WEI YOU
3.1 INTRODUCTION 61
3.2 STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF CONJUGATED POLYMERS 63
3.3 D-A APPROACH 64
3.3.1 RATIONAL DESIGN OF CONJUGATED BACKBONES: WEAK DONOR-STRONG
ACCEPTOR COPOLYMER 64
3.3.1.1 WEAK DONOR MOIETIES TO IMPROVE VQC 67
3.3.1.2 BALANCING V
OC
AND J
SC
: INTERPLAY OF BANDGAP AND ENERGY LEVELS 71
3.3.1.3 FROM BT TO 4DTBT: WHY IS A SOLUBLE ACCEPTOR BETTER? 72
3.3.1.4 STRONG ACCEPTOR MOIETIES TO INCREASEY
S
C 73
3.3.2 SIDE CHAINS ARE NOT TRIVIAL 76
3.3.2.1 CHAIN POSITIONS 76
3.3.2.2 SHAPE AND SIZE 80
3.3.3 SUBSTITUENTS DO MATTER THE CURIOUS CASE OF FLUORINE 83
3.4 QUINOID APPROACH
88
3.5 SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK 91
REFERENCES 91
4 SOLUTION-PROCESSED MOLECULAR BULK HETEROJUNCTION
SOLAR CELLS 95
JIANHUA LIU, BRIGHT WALKER, AND THUC-QUYEN NGUYEN
4.1 INTRODUCTION 95
4.2 MONOCHROMOPHORIC MOLECULES 96
4.2.1 CONJUGATED MACROCYCLES AND POLYCYDES 96
4.2.2 ACENES AND HETEROACENES 98
4.2.3 OLIGOTHIOPHENES 103
4.3 MULTICHROMOPHORIC MOLECULES 105
4.3.1 COLORANT CHROMOPHORE-CONTAINING DERIVATIVES 107
4.3.1.1 DIKETOPYRROLOPYRROLE AND ISOINDIGO DERIVATIVES 107
4.3.1.2 SQUARAINE DERIVATIVES 111
4.3.1.3 MEROCYANINE AND BORONDIPYRROMETHENE DERIVATIVES 116
4.3.2 OLIGOTHIOPHENE DERIVATIVES 117
4.3.3 BENZOTHIADIAZOLE ANALOGUE DERIVATIVES 121
4.3.4 TRIPHENYLAMINE DERIVATIVES 126
4.4 SUMMARY AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS 129
REFERENCES 133
CONTENTS IVII
5 VACUUM-PROCESSED DONOR MATERIALS FOR ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAICS 139
AMARESH MISHRA AND PETER BAUERLE
5.1 INTRODUCTION 139
5.1.1 BASIC CHARACTERIZATION OF ORGANIC SOLAR CELLS 140
5.2 PLANAR AND BULK HETEROJUNCTION SOLAR CELLS 142
5.3 SUMMARY AND FUTURE PROSPECTS 166
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 167
REFERENCES 168
6 POLYMER-NANOCRYSTAL HYBRID SOLAR CELLS 171
MICHAEL ECK AND MICHAEL KRUEGER
6.1 INTRODUCTION 171
6.2 SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS 372
6.3 WORKING PRINCIPLES AND DEVICE STRUCTURE 177
6.3.1 DONOR AND ACCEPTOR MATERIALS 181
6.4 EVOLUTION OF POLYMER-NC HYBRID SOLAR CELLS 184
6.5 RECENT APPROACHES FOR OVERCOMING CURRENT LIMITATIONS 188
6.5.1 IN SITU SYNTHESIS OF NCS IN THE POLYMER FILM 188
6.5.2 NANOSTRUCTURED POLYMER-BASED ASSEMBLIES IN SOLUTION 189
6.5.3 LOWER BANDGAP NC ACCEPTORS 191
6.6 NOVEL CONCEPTS AND PERSPECTIVES 192
6.6.1 TERNARY NC SYSTEMS: ENERGY LEVEL AND BANDGAP TUNING 192
6.6.2 NC LIGAND DESIGN 195
6.6.3 FUNCTIONALIZED POLYMERS 195
6.6.4 INORGANIC FRAMEWORK FOR INTERDIGITATED D-A LAYERS 196
6.6.4.1 POROUS ALUMINA TEMPLATE-ASSISTED APPROACH 197
6.6.4.2 NANOSTRUCTURED INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTORS AS ACCEPTOR MATERIAL 198
6.6.5 NANOSTRUCTURED POLYMER 199
6.6.6 CARBON-BASED ACCEPTORS AND NANOCOMPOSITES 199
6.6.7 LESS TOXIC NC ACCEPTOR MATERIALS 200
6.7 SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK 200
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 201
REFERENCES 201
7 FULLERENE-BASED ACCEPTOR MATERIALS 209
ALEXANDER B. SIEVAL AND JAN C. HUMMELEN
7.1 INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW 209
7.2 FULLERENES AS N-TYPE SEMICONDUCTORS 211
7.2.1 ELECTRON-ACCEPTING AND TRANSPORTING PROPERTIES 211
7.2.2 OTHER ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES 213
7.3 FULLERENE DERIVATIVES 214
7.3.1 [60]PCBM 215
7.3.2 [60JPCBM ANALOGUES 219
7.3.3 SUBSTITUENTS ON THE PHENYL MOIETY OF PCBM 221
7.3.3.1 ALKOXY GROUPS 221
VIIII
CONTENTS
7.3.3.2 FLUORINATION 222
7.3.3.3 DEUTERIUM LABELING 222
7.3.4 OTHER C
60
DERIVATIVES IN OPVS 223
7.4 DERIVATIVES OF C
70
AND CG4 226
7.4.1 DERIVATIVES OF C
70
226
7.4.2 DERIVATIVES OF CG4 229
7.5 FULLERENE BISADDUCTS 230
7.6 ENDOHEDRAL COMPOUNDS 233
7.7 COMMERCIALIZATION OF FULLERENE DERIVATIVES 233
REFERENCES 234
8 POLYMERIC ACCEPTOR SEMICONDUCTORS FOR ORGANIC SOLAR CELLS 239
ANTONIO FACCHETTI
8.1 INTRODUCTION 239
8.2 BASICS PRINCIPLES AND OPERATION FOR ORGANIC SOLAR CELLS 241
8.3 POLYMERIC ACCEPTOR SEMICONDUCTORS 245
8.3.1 CYANATED POLYPHENYLENEVINYLENES 246
8.3.2 PERYLENE- AND NAPHTHALENEDIIMIDE-BASED POLYMERS 257
8.3.3 BENZOTHIADIAZOLE-BASED AND OTHER ELECTRON-POOR POLYMERS 275
8.4 CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVE 293
REFERENCES 296
9 WATER/ALCOHOL-SOLUBLE CONJUGATED POLYMER-BASED INTERLAYERS
FOR POLYMER SOLAR CELLS 301
FEI HUANG, CHENGMEI ZHONG, HONGBIN WU, AND YONG CAO
9.1 INTRODUCTION 301
9.2 THE DEVELOPMENT OF WATER/ALCOHOL-SOLUBLE CONJUGATED POLYMERS AS
INTERLAYER MATERIALS 302
9.3 INTERFACE ENGINEERING FOR POLYMER SOLAR CELLS 305
9.3.1 INTERFACE MODIFICATION FOR METAL ELECTRODES 306
9.3.2 INTERFACE MODIFICATION FOR METAL OXIDE ELECTRODES 308
9.3.3 INTERFACE MODIFICATION FOR GRAPHENE AND CARBON NANOTUBE
ELECTRODES 311
9.4 DISCUSSION OF THE WORKING MECHANISM 311
9.5 SUMMARY 315
REFERENCES 316
10 METAL OXIDE INTERLAYERS FOR POLYMER SOLAR CELLS 319
KEVIN
M. O MALLEY, HIN-LAP YIP, AND ALEX K.-Y.
JEN
10.1 INTRODUCTION 319
10.2 CONVENTIONAL STRUCTURE 320
10.2.1 HOLE-SELECTIVE LAYER. REPLACING PEDOT:PSS 320
10.2.1.1 NICKEL OXIDE 322
10.2.1.2 VANADIUM, MOLYBDENUM, AND TUNGSTEN OXIDES 324
10.2.2 ELECTRON-SELECTIVE LAYER 326
10.2.2.1 TITANIUM AND ZINC OXIDES 326
CONTENTS IIX
10.3
10.3.1
10.3.1.1
10.3.1.2
10.4
10.5
10.6
PART TWO
11
11.1
11.2
11.3
11.4
11.5
11.6
11.7
11.8
12
12.1
12.2
12.2.1
12.2.2
12.3
12.3.1
12.3.2
12.4
12.5
12.5.1
12.5.2
12.5.3
12.5.4
12.6
12.6.1
12.6.2
INVERTED STRUCTURE 329
ELECTRON-SELECTIVE LAYER REDUCING THE EFFECTS OF CATHODE
OXIDATION 329
TITANIUM, ZINC, AND CESIUM OXIDES 331
MODIFICATION VIA MOLECULAR SELF-ASSEMBLY 332
TANDEM STRUCTURE 333
ADDITIONAL OXIDES (CR
2
OJ, CUO
X
, PBO) 338
CONCLUSIONS 339
REFERENCES 339
DEVICE PHYSICS OF THIN FILM ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAICS 343
BIMOLECULAR AND TRAP-ASSISTED RECOMBINATION IN ORGANIC BULK
HETEROJUNCTION SOLAR CELLS 345
CERT-JAN A.H. WETZELAER, L. JAN ANTON KOSTER, AND PAUL W.M. BLOM
INTRODUCTION 345
RECOMBINATION AT OPEN CIRCUIT 348
TRAP-ASSISTED RECOMBINATION AT OPEN CIRCUIT 351
INVESTIGATION OF THE NATURE RECOMBINATION BY ELECTROLUMINESCENCE
MEASUREMENTS
353
BIMOLECULAR RECOMBINATION STRENGTH IN ORGANIC BHJ SOLAR CELLS 358
BIMOLECULAR RECOMBINATION LOSSES UNDER SHORT-CIRCUIT
CONDITIONS 366
EFFECT OF BIMOLECULAR RECOMBINATION ON FILL FACTOR AND EFFICIENCY 372
CONCLUSIONS 373
REFERENCES 373
ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAIC MORPHOLOGY 377
BRIAN A. COLLINS, FELICIA A. BOKEL, AND DEAN M. DELONGCHAMP
INTRODUCTION 377
ORDER IN BULK HETEROJUNCTIONS 378
OPTICAL MEASUREMENTS OF ORDER 378
X-RAY MEASUREMENT OF CRYSTALLINITY 381
NANOSCALE MORPHOLOGY IN BULK HETEROJUNCTIONS 385
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY 385
SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING MEASUREMENTS 388
PHASES IN A BULK HETEROJUNCTION 390
STRUCTURE OF THE INTERFACE BETWEEN PHASES 392
INFERENCES FROM BULK MEASUREMENTS 395
SURFACE-SENSITIVE MEASUREMENTS 395
MEASURING BURIED BILAYER INTERFACES 396
MEASURING BURIED BULK INTERFACES 401
IN SITU MEASUREMENTS OF MORPHOLOGY DEVELOPMENT 403
IN SITU X-RAY MEASUREMENTS 403
IN SITU MICROSCOPY 407
X | CONTENTS
12.6.3 IN SITU OPTICAL AND VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPIES 408
12.6.4 IN OPERANDO MEASUREMENTS 412
12.6.5 THE FUTURE OF IN SITU MEASUREMENT 413
REFERENCES 413
13 INTERCALATION IN POLYMER:FULLERENE BLENDS 421
NICHOLE CATES MILLER, ERIC T. HOKE, AND MICHAEL D. MCCEHEE
13.1 INTRODUCTION 421
13.2 METHODS FOR DETECTING MOLECULAR MIXING 423
13.2.1 X-RAY DIFFRACTION 423
13.2.2 PHOTOLUMINESCENCE MEASUREMENTS 424
13.2.3 DIFFUSION MEASUREMENTS 425
13.2.4 TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY TECHNIQUES 427
13.2.5 SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING TECHNIQUES 427
13.3 FACTORS AFFECTING MOLECULAR MIXING 428
13.3.1 FULLERENE SIZE 428
13.3.2 SIDE-CHAIN ATTACHMENT DISTANCE 430
13.3.3 SIDE-CHAIN LINEARITY 430
13.3.4 THERMAL TREATMENTS 432
13.4 THE EFFECT OF MOLECULAR MIXING ON ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES AND SOLAR
CELLS 433
13.4.1 EXCITON HARVESTING 434
13.4.2 GEMINATE PAIR SEPARATION, CHARGE EXTRACTION, AND OPTIMAL BLEND
RATIO 436
13.4.3 ADDITIONAL DEVICE IMPLICATIONS 439
13.5 CONCLUSIONS 440
REFERENCES 441
14 ORGANIC TANDEM SOLAR CELLS 445
KONSTANTIN CLOSER, ANDREAS PUTZ,JAN MESCHER, DANIEL BAHRO, AND
ALEXANDER COLSMANN
14.1 INTRODUCTION AND WORKING PRINCIPLE 445
14.2 MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES 448
14.3 EFFICIENT INTERMEDIATE CHARGE CARRIER RECOMBINATION 450
14.4 LIGHT MANAGEMENT 452
14.5 CHOICE OF MATERIALS 457
14.6 PARALLEL TANDEM ARCHITECTURES 458
14.7 NEW TANDEM SOLAR CELL CONCEPTS 459
14.8 CONCLUSIONS 460
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 460
REFERENCES 461
15 SOLID-STATE DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS 465
JONAS WEICKERT AND LUKAS SCHMIDT-MENDE
15.1 INTRODUCTION 465
15.2 WORKING PRINCIPLES OF SOLID-STATE DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS 467
CONTENTS I XI
15.2.1 SOLAR CELL GEOMETRIES 467
15.2.2 LIGHT ABSORPTION AND CHARGE SEPARATION 471
15.2.3 CHARGE TRANSPORT 475
15.3 LOSS MECHANISMS IN SOLID-STATE DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS 478
15.4 SOLID-STATE DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS WITH SPIRO-OMETAD AS HOLE
CONDUCTOR 483
15.5 HYBRID SOLAR CELLS WITH ABSORBING HOLE CONDUCTORS 484
15.6 ORDERED NANOSTRUCTURES FOR SOLID-STATE DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS
486
15.6.1 TI02 NANOWIRES 487
15.6.2 TI0
2
NANOTUBES 488
15.7 SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK 489
REFERENCES 490
PART THREE TECHNOLOGY FOR THIN FILM ORGANIC PV 495
16 REEL-TO-REEL PROCESSING OF HIGHLY CONDUCTIVE METAL OXIDES 497
MATTHIAS FAHLAND
16.1 INTRODUCTION 497
16.2 MATERIALS 499
16.3 DEPOSITION TECHNOLOGY 501
16.4 EQUIPMENT 503
16.4.1 VACUUM SYSTEM 504
16.4.2 WINDING SYSTEM 505
16.4.3 INLINE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM 506
16.5 ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES 507
REFERENCES 510
17 FLEXIBLE SUBSTRATE REQUIREMENTS FOR ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAICS 513
WILLIAM A. MACDONALD AND JULIAN M. MACE
17.1 INTRODUCTION 513
17.2 POLYESTER SUBSTRATES 514
17.3 PROPERTIES OF BASE SUBSTRATES 516
17.3.1 OPTICAL PROPERTIES 516
17.3.2 THERMAL PROPERTIES 517
17.3.3 SOLVENT RESISTANCE 520
17.3.4 SURFACE QUALITY 523
17.3.5 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES 524
17.3.6 HYDROLYSIS RESISTANCE 526
17.3.7 UV STABILITY 527
17.3.8 BARRIER 531
17.3.9 CONDUCTIVE COATED FILM 535
17.3.10 ADHESION 535
17.4 CONCLUDING REMARKS 536
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 537
REFERENCES 537
XII
| CONTENTS
IS ADHESIVES FOR ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAIC PACKAGING 539
MARKUS ROJAHN, MARION SCHMIDT, AND KILIAN KREUL
18.1 INTRODUCTION 539
18.2 ENCAPSULATION PROCESS FOR ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAICS 540
18.2.1 BASIC PROCESS INFORMATION 540
18.2.2 LAMINATION PROCESS EXAMPLES 542
18.2.2.1 RADIATION-ONLY CURING PROCESS 542
18.2.2.2 DUAL CURING PROCESS 544
18.3 CHEMISTRY ASPECTS OF BARRIER ADHESIVES 545
18.3.1 RADICALLY LIGHT CURING ADHESIVES 545
18.3.2 CATIONICALLY CURING ADHESIVES 549
18.4 BARRIER PERFORMANCE OF OPV ADHESIVES 554
18.4.1 THE INTRINSIC BARRIER PERFORMANCE OF OPV BARRIER ADHESIVES 554
18.4.2 ADHESION OF THE OPV BARRIER ADHESIVES TO THE INTERFACES 556
18.5 CONCLUSIONS 558
REFERENCES 558
19 ROLL-TO-ROLL PROCESSING OF POLYMER SOLAR CELLS 561
DECHAN ANGMO, MARKUS HOSEL, AND FREDERIK C. KREBS
19.1 INTRODUCTION 561
19.2 THE ROLL-TO-ROLL PROCESS 562
19.3 STRUCTURE OF MODULES 564
19.4 COATING AND PRINTING TECHNIQUES FOR PSC MATERIALS 565
19.4.1 SLOT DIE COATING 565
19.4.1.1 NOVEL SLOT DIE TECHNIQUES FOR USE IN PSCS 568
19.4.2 GRAVURE PRINTING 568
19.4.3 KNIFE-OVER-EDGE 572
19.4.4 FLEXOGRAPHIC PRINTING 573
19.4.5 SCREEN PRINTING 574
19.4.6 INKJET PRINTING 576
19.4.7 OFFSET LITHOGRAPHY 578
19.5 ROLL-TO-ROLL PRINTING OF ELECTRODES 579
19.6 R2R ENCAPSULATION 580
19.7 ROLL-TO-ROLL CHARACTERIZATION 581
19.8 FUTURE AND OUTLOOK 582
REFERENCES 584
20 CURRENT AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS IN ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAICS 587
GIOVANNI NISATO AND JENS HAUCH
20.1 SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS 590
20.2 COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS 592
20.3 CHALLENGES AND MAJOR HURDLES 595
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 597
REFERENCES 597
INDEX 599
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| id | DE-604.BV041571179 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-20T16:49:35Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9783527332250 3527332251 9783527656943 9783527656936 9783527656929 9783527656912 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-027016566 |
| oclc_num | 864645761 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-29T DE-20 DE-703 DE-11 DE-1043 DE-92 DE-573 DE-91 DE-BY-TUM DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-384 |
| owner_facet | DE-29T DE-20 DE-703 DE-11 DE-1043 DE-92 DE-573 DE-91 DE-BY-TUM DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-384 |
| physical | XVIII, 618 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publishDateSearch | 2014 |
| publishDateSort | 2014 |
| publisher | Wiley-VCH |
| record_format | marc |
| spellingShingle | Organic photovoltaics materials, device physics, and manufacturing technologies Organischer Halbleiter (DE-588)4172780-0 gnd Fotovoltaik (DE-588)4121476-6 gnd Organische Solarzelle (DE-588)7617672-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4172780-0 (DE-588)4121476-6 (DE-588)7617672-1 |
| title | Organic photovoltaics materials, device physics, and manufacturing technologies |
| title_auth | Organic photovoltaics materials, device physics, and manufacturing technologies |
| title_exact_search | Organic photovoltaics materials, device physics, and manufacturing technologies |
| title_full | Organic photovoltaics materials, device physics, and manufacturing technologies ed. by Christoph Brabec ... |
| title_fullStr | Organic photovoltaics materials, device physics, and manufacturing technologies ed. by Christoph Brabec ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Organic photovoltaics materials, device physics, and manufacturing technologies ed. by Christoph Brabec ... |
| title_short | Organic photovoltaics |
| title_sort | organic photovoltaics materials device physics and manufacturing technologies |
| title_sub | materials, device physics, and manufacturing technologies |
| topic | Organischer Halbleiter (DE-588)4172780-0 gnd Fotovoltaik (DE-588)4121476-6 gnd Organische Solarzelle (DE-588)7617672-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Organischer Halbleiter Fotovoltaik Organische Solarzelle |
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| work_keys_str_mv | AT brabecchristophj organicphotovoltaicsmaterialsdevicephysicsandmanufacturingtechnologies |
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