Handbook of biopolymer-based materials: from blends and composites to gels and complex networks 2
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Weinheim
Wiley-VCH
2013
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| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=026043983&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Handbook of biopolymer-based materials |b from blends and composites to gels and complex networks |n 2 |c ed. by Sabu Thomas ... |
| 264 | 1 | |a Weinheim |b Wiley-VCH |c 2013 | |
| 300 | |a XXV, S. 351 - 875 |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 700 | 1 | |a Thomas, Sabu |d 1960- |0 (DE-588)1021317551 |4 edt | |
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| DE-BY-TUM_call_number | 0304 CHE 762f 2013 A 4609-2 |
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| DE-BY-TUM_media_number | 040080299163 |
| _version_ | 1821933216750108673 |
| adam_text | CONTENTS
FOREWORD
XVII
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
XIX
VOLUME 1
1 BIOPOLYMERS: STATE OF THE
ART, NEW CHALLENGES, AND OPPORTUNITIES 1
CHRISTOPHE CHASSENIEUX, DOMINIQUE DURAND, PARAMESWARANPILLAI
JYOTISHKUMAR, AND SABU THOMAS
2 GENERAL OVERVIEW OF BIOPOLYMERS: STRUCTURE, PROPERTIES,
AND APPLICATIONS 7
CHARLES WINKWORTH-SMITH AND TIM
J. FOSTER
3 BIOPOLYMERS FROM PLANTS 37
MARIA J. SABATER, TANIA RODENAS, AND ANTONIO HEREDIA
4 BACTERIAL BIOPOLYMERS AND GENETICALLY ENGINEERED BIOPOLYMERS
FOR GEL SYSTEMS APPLICATION 87
DEEPTI SINGH AND ASHOK KUMAR
5 BIOPOLYMERS FROM ANIMALS 109
KHALEELULLA SAHEB SHAIK AND BERNARD MOUSSIAN
6 POLYMERIC BLENDS WITH BIOPOLYMERS 143
HERO
JAN HEERES, FRANK VAN MAASTRIGT, AND FRANCESCO PICCHIONI
7 MACRO-, MICRO-, AND NANOCOMPOSITES BASED ON BIODEGRADABLE
POLYMERS 173
LUC AVEROUS AND ERIC POLLET
8 IPNS DERIVED FROM BIOPOLYMERS 211
FERNANDO C. TORRES, OMAR PAUL TRONCOSO, AND
CARLOS TORRES
HTTP://D-NB.INFO/1034335642
VI CONTENTS
9 ASSOCIATING BIOPOLYMER SYSTEMS AND HYALURONATE BIOMATERIALS 235
DEBORAH BLANCHARD AND RACHEL AUZELY-VELTY
10 POLYMER GELS FROM BIOPOLYMERS 279
ESRA ALVEROGLU, ALI CELIR, AND YASAR YILMAZ
11 CONFORMATION AND RHEOLOGY OF MICROBIAL EXOPOLYSACCHARIDES 317
JACQUES DESBRIERES
12 SULFATED POLYSACCHARIDES IN THE
CELL WALL OF RED MICROALGAE 351
SHOSHANA (MALIS) ARAD AND
OSHRAT LEVY-ONTMAN
VOLUME 2
13 DIELECTRIC SPECTROSCOPY AND THERMALLY STIMULATED CURRENT ANALYSIS
OF BIOPOLYMER SYSTEMS 371
VALERIE SAMOUILLAN, JANY DANDURAND, AND COLETTE LACABANNE
13.1 INTRODUCTION 371
13.2 THEORY AND PRINCIPLE
OF DIELECTRIC ANALYSES 372
13.2.1 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 372
13.2.1.1 POLARIZATION MECHANISMS IN MATERIALS 372
13.2.1.2 ORIENTATION POLARIZATION 373
13.2.2 DYNAMIC DIELECTRIC SPECTROSCOPY 376
13.2.2.1 GENERAL PRINCIPLE 376
13.2.2.2 DDS RELAXATION MAP 377
13.2.2.3 ANALYSIS OF DDS RESPONSES 378
13.2.3 THERMALLY STIMULATED CURRENTS 379
13.2.3.1 GENERAL PRINCIPLE 379
13.2.3.2 COMPLEX
TSC THERMOGRAMS AND
EXPERIMENTAL DECOMPOSITION 380
13.2.4 RELAXATION TIME 382
13.3 CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOPOLYMERS 383
13.3.1 NATIVE BIOPOLYMERS 383
13.3.2 ROLE OH HYDRATION IN BIOPOLYMERS DYNAMICS 389
13.3.2.1 SOLUBLE BIOPOLYMERS 389
13.3.2.2 FIBRILLAR PROTEINS 390
13.3.3 BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS AND BIOMATERIALS 395
13.4 CONCLUSION 398
REFERENCES 398
14 SOLID-STATE N MR SPECTROSCOPY OF BIOPOLYMERS 403
CARRICK F. TAYLOR, PHEDRA MARIUS, CHRIS FORD, AND PHILIP T. F.
WILLIAMSON
14.1 INTRODUCTION 403
14.2 NMROF
BIOLOGICAL POLYMERS 404
14.3 METHODS FOR THE STUDY OF BIOLOGICAL POLYMERS 405
CONTENTS VII
14.3.1 STATIC POWDER SAMPLES 406
14.3.2 ORIENTED FIBERS 407
14.3.3 MAGIC ANGLE SPINNING 408
14.4 SOLID-STATE NMR EXPERIMENTS EMPLOYED FOR THE ANALYSIS OF
BIOPOLYMERS 409
14.4.1 CROSS-POLARIZATION 409
14.4.2 HETERONUCLEAR DECOUPLING 411
14.4.3 CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY OF UNORIENTED SAMPLES 412
14.4.4 CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY OF ORIENTED SAMPLES 414
1414.5 MAGIC ANGLE SPINNING DIPOLAR RECOUPLING/CORRELATION
SPECTROSCOPY 415
14.4.6 HOMONUCLEAR DIPOLAR RECOUPLING METHODS 415
14.4.7 HETERONUCLEAR DIPOLAR RECOUPLING METHODS 418
14.4.8 ANALYSIS OF DYNAMICS IN BIOPOLYMERS 420
14.5 APPLICATION OF SOLID-STATE NMR TO BIOPOLYMERS 422
14.5.1 SILK 422
14.5.2 STRUCTURAL STUDIES OF SILKS DERIVED FROM SILKWORM 423
14.5.3 STRUCTURAL STUDIES OF SILKS DERIVED FROM SPIDERS 425
14.5.4 COLLAGEN 428
14.5.5 ELASTIN 432
14.6 CONCLUSIONS 436
REFERENCES 436
15 EPR SPECTROSCOPY OF BIOPOLYMERS 443
JANEZ
STRANCAR AND
VANJA KOKOL
15.1 INTRODUCTION 443
15.2 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 445
15.3 BIOPOLYMERS 451
15.3.1 BIOPOLYMERS STRUCTURE AND MOLECULAR MOTIONS DETERMINATION 451
15.3.2 BIOPOLYMERS DEGRADATION DYNAMIC STUDY 453
15.3.2.1 THERMAL DEGRADATION 453
15.3.2.2 RADIOLYTIC AND PHOTOLYTIC IRRADIATED DEGRADATION 453
15.3.2.3 RADICAL DEGRADATION PATHWAYS OF POLYMERS DUE TO INVOLVED REDOX
REACTIONS OF TRANSITION METAL IONS 458
15.3.3 DETERMINATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF BIOPOLYMERS 460
15.3.4 PENETRATION OF SMALL MOLECULES THROUGH BIOPOLYMER STRUCTURES 461
15.3.5 BIOPOLYMERS FUNCTIONALIZATION, POLYMERIZATION, AND/OR
CROSS-LINKING 462
15.3.6 BIOPOLYMER SURFACE/INTERFACE INTERACTIONS 462
15.3.7 BIOPOLYMER BLENDS MORPHOLOGY AND TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT
BEHAVIOR 463
15.3.8 BIOCATALYTIC OXIDATION/REDUCTION OF BIOPOLYMERS 465
15.4 CONCLUSION 466
REFERENCES 467
CONTENTS
16 X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY: A TOOL FOR STUDYING
BIOPOLYMERS 473
ANA MARIA BOTELHO DO REGO, ANA MARIA FERRARIA, MANUEL REI VILAR,
AND SAMI BOUFI
16.1 INTRODUCTION 473
16.2 XPS BASICS 474
16.2.1 QUALITATIVE ASPECTS 475
16.2.1.1 BINDING ENERGY AND
CHEMICAL SHIFT 475
16.2.1.2 CHARGE SHIFTS AND AUGER PARAMETER 478
16.2.2 QUANTITATIVE ASPECTS 480
16.2.2.1 ATOMIC RELATIVE AMOUNTS 480
16.2.2.2 HETEROGENEITIES IN DEPTH 481
16.2.3 DEGRADATION INDUCED
BY X-RAY 483 .
16.3 CELLULOSE 483
16.3.1 ULTRATHIN CELLULOSE FILMS: A GOOD TOOL FOR CELLULOSE SURFACE
STUDIES 484
16.3.2 ADSORPTION OF A PHTHALOCYANINE ON ULTRATHIN
CELLULOSE FILMS 485
16.3.3 ACTIVATION OF CELLULOSE FILM WITH ISOCYANATE DERIVATIVES 488
16.3.4 ACTIVATION OF CELLULOSE WITH IMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES 492
16.3.4.1 SURFACE GRAFTING OF HEMIN
ON CELLULOSE FILMS 492
16.3.4.2 GROWTH OF METALLIC NANOPARTICLES ON CELLULOSE SURFACE 496
16.3.4.3 CONTROLLED SURFACE MODIFICATION OF CELLULOSE FIBERS BY AMINO
DERIVATIVES 499
16.3.5 OTHER WORKS 506
16.4 STARCH 507
16.4.1 ABILITY OF XPS TO CHARACTERIZE NATIVE STARCH 508
16.4.2 STARCH FUNCTIONALIZATION 508
16.5 CHITIN AND CHITOSAN 509
16.5.1 CHITIN 510
16.5.2 CHITOSAN 511
16.6 GUMS 511
16.6.1 ABILITY OF XPS TO CHARACTERIZE NATURAL GUMS 512
16.6.2 ADSORBED METALS AND NANOPARTICLES ON NATURAL GUMS 512
16.7 COMPLEMENTARY TECHNIQUES 513
16.7.1 INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY 513
16.7.1.1 ACTIVATION OF CELLULOSE FILM WITH ISOCYANATE DERIVATIVES 513
16.7.1.2 ACTIVATION OF CELLULOSE WITH IMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES:
FUNCTIONALIZATION
WITH HEMIN 517
16.7.1.3 NEW HYBRID FILMS BASED ON CELLULOSE AND HYDROXYGALLIUM
PHTHALOCYANINE 518
16.7.1.4 HYBRID SYSTEMS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES GENERATED ON CELLULOSE
SURFACES 519
16.7.2 ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY 521
16.7.2.1 HYDROXYGALLIUM PHTHALOCYANINE PHYSISORBED ON CELLULOSE FILMS
STUDIED BY AFM 522
CONTENTS IX
16.7.2.2 SILVER NANOPARTICLES ON CELLULOSIC FILMS STUDIED BY AFM 524
16.8 CONCLUSIONS 525
REFERENCES 526
17 LIGHT-SCATTERING STUDIES OF BIOPOLYMER SYSTEMS 53J
TACO NICOLAI AND DOMINIQUE DURAND
17.1 INTRODUCTION 533
17.2 STATIC SCATTERING 534
17.2.1 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 534
17.2.2 APPLICATIONS OF STATIC SCATTERING METHODS TO STUDY PARTICULAR
STRUCTURES
AND PROCESSES 539
17.2.2.1 DILUTE SYSTEMS 539
17.2.2.2 UNDILUTED SYSTEMS 543
17.3 DYNAMIC LIGHT SCATTERING 545
17.3.1 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 545
17.3.2 APPLICATIONS OF DYNAMIC SCATTERING METHODS TO STUDY PARTICULAR
STRUCTURES AND PROCESSES 548
17.4 CROSS-CORRELATION DYNAMIC LIGHT SCATTERING 552
17.4.1 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 553
17.4.2 APPLICATIONS OF CROSS-CORRELATION DYNAMIC LIGHT SCATTERING 553
17.5 TURBIDIMETRY 556
17.5.1 THEORETICAL
.BACKGROUND 556
17.5.2 APPLICATIONS OF TURBIDIMETRY 557
17.6 DIFFUSIVE WAVE SPECTROSCOPY 558
17.6.1 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 558
17.6.2 APPLICATIONS OF DIFFUSIVE WAVE SPECTROSCOPY 560
17.7 MICRO RHEOLOGY USING DLS AND DWS 561
17.8 CONCLUSION 563
REFERENCES 563 -
18 X-RAY SCATTERING AND DIFFRACTION OF BIOPOLYMERS 567
YOSHIHARU NISHIYAMA AND MARLI MIRIAM DE SOUZA LIMA
18.1 BASICS 567
18.1.1 INTERACTION OF X-RAY WITH ELECTRON 567
18.1.2 STRUCTURE FACTOR AND SCATTERED INTENSITY 568
18.1.3 DIFFRACTION 569
18.1.4 MODEL SYSTEM FOR SMALL-ANGLE X-RAY SCATTERING (SAXS) 570
18.1.5 EXPLICIT MODEL 572
18.2 PRACTICAL CONSIDERATION 573
18.2.1 LINE- OR POINT-FOCUSED BEAM 573
18.2.2 MONOCHROMATOR AND FILTERS 573
18.2.3 CHOICE OF WAVELENGTH 573
18.2.4 BEAM SIZE 574
18.3 EXAMPLES 574
18.3.1 MOLECULAR CONFORMATION 574
X CONTENTS
18.3.2 POLYDISPERSE PARTICLES 575
18.3.3 MOLECULAR SHAPE FROM FIBER DIFFRACTION 576
18.3.4 PRECISE CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC COORDINATES FROM FIBER DIFFRACTION
OR SINGLE CRYSTAL DIFFRACTION 577
18.3.5 MICROFOCUS CAPACITY AND BEAM DAMAGE 578
18.4 CONCLUSIONS 580
REFERENCES 580
19 LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOPOLYMER SYSTEMS
BY SMALL-ANGLE NEUTRON SCATTERING 583
FERENC HORKAY
19.1 INTRODUCTION 583
19.2 BASIC PRINCIPLES OF SANS 584
19.2.1 ADVANTAGES OF USING SANS 584
19.2.2 PHYSICAL BACKGROUND 585
19.2.3 SCATTERING CONTRAST 587
19.2.4 FORM FACTOR 588
19.2.5 STRUCTURE FACTOR 588
19.2.6 ZERO AVERAGE CONTRAST METHOD 590
19.3 EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLES 591
19.3.1 SIMILARITIES BETWEEN SYNTHETIC AND BIOPOLYMER
SOLUTIONS 591
19.4 PROTEINS 593
19.4.1 PROTEIN FOLDING 593
19.4.2 PROTEIN-WATER INTERACTION 594
19.5 POLYNUCLEIC ACIDS (DNA AND RNA) 595
19.5.1 IONIC INTERACTIONS IN DNA SOLUTION 595
19.5.2 DNA FOLDING 596
19.5.3 CROWDING EFFECTS IN DNA 598
19.5.4 CROWDING AND RNA FOLDING 599
19.6 POLYSACCHARIDE-BASED BIOPOLYMERS 600
19.6.1 DIVERSITY OF POLYSACCHARIDES IN NATURE 600
19.6.2 CHONDROITIN SULFATE 601
19.6.3 HYALURONIC ACID 603
19.6.4 AGGRECAN ASSEMBLIES 604
19.7 SUMMARY 607
REFERENCES 608
20 M ICROSCOPY OF BIOPOLYMER SYSTEMS 611
CHANGMIN HU AND
WENGUO CUI
20.1 INTRODUCTION 611
20.2 EMERGING TECHNIQUES IN BIOPOLYMER MICROSCOPY 612
20.2.1 OPTICAL MICROSCOPY 612
20.2.2 SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY 614
20.2.3 TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY 616
CONTENTS XI
20.2.4 CRYO TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY 617
20.2.5 ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY 619
20.2.6 SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE 621
20.2.7 LASER SCANNING CONFOCAL MICROSCOPE 623
20.3 MICROSTRUCTURE AND
APPLICATION OF BIOPOLYMERS 625
20.3.1 MICROSTRUCTURE OF BIOPOLYMERS 625
20.3.2 MICROSPHERES 626
20.3.3 HYDROGELS 630
20.3.3.1 STRUCTURE OF HYDROGELS 630
20.3.3.2 APPLICATIONS OF HYDROGELS 630
20.3.4 FIBERS 632
20.3.4.1 STRUCTURE OF FIBERS 632
20.3.4.2 SELF-ASSEMBLY FIBERS 632
20.3.4.3 PHASE SEPARATION IN FIBER FORMATION 633
20.3.4.4 ELECTROSPINNING FIBERS 635
20.3.5 SCAFFOLDS 636
20.3.5.1 STRUCTURE OF POROUS SCAFFOLDS 636
20.3.5.2 SPONGE-LIKE POROUS SCAFFOLDS 636
20.3.5.3 COLLAGEN-LIKE NANOFIBROUS SCAFFOLDS 637
20.3.6 MEMBRANES 637
20.4 BIOPOLYMERIC MICROSTRUCTURE FOR MEDICAL APPLICATIONS 638
20.5 SUMMARY 640
REFERENCES 641
21 RHEO-OPTICAI CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOPOLYMER SYSTEMS 645
DAGANG LIU, RAKESH KUMAR, DONGLIN TIAN, FEI LU, AND MINDONG CHEN
21.1 INTRODUCTION 645
21.2 MECHANISM AND
EQUIPMENT
OF RHEO-OPTICS 646
21.2.1 POLARIMETRY 646
21.2.1.1 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 646
21.2.1.2 EXPERIMENTAL SETUP 647
21.2.2 LIGHT SCATTERING (RAMAN) 648
21.2.2.1 MECHANISM AND APPLICATIONS 648
21.2.2.2 EXPERIMENTAL SETUP 650
21.2.3 RHEO-OPTICAL FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED
SPECTROSCOPY 651
21.3 RHEO-OPTICAL APPLICATIONS FOR BIOPOLYMERS 652
21.3.1 STRESS 652
21.3.2 FLOW BIREFRINGENCE 656
21.3.2.1 PROTEINS- 656
21.3.2.2 XANTHAN GUM
SOLUTION 657
21.3.2.3 COLLAGENS 657
21.3.2.4 WORMLIKE MICELLES 658
21.3.2.5 POLYSACCHARIDES 659
21.3.3 ORIENTATION (LIQUID CRYSTAL) 660
21.3.3.1 METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF ORIENTATION 660
XII CONTENTS
21.3.3.2 BIREFRINGENT CHARACTERIZATION OF FIBER ORIENTATION DEGREE 661
21.3.3.3 APPLICATIONS 661
21.3.4 SIZE OF PHASE OR PARTICLE 664
21.3.4.1 PARTICLE CHARACTERIZATION METHOD 667
21.3.4.2 RHEO-OPTICAL PROPERTIES 667
21.4 CONCLUSIONS 668
REFERENCES 669
22 RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOPOLYMER SYSTEMS 673
TOO
FENG AND RAN YE
22.1 INTRODUCTION 673
22.2 RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF POLYSACCHARIDE SYSTEMS 674
22.2.1 STRUCTURE OF POLYSACCHARIDE REGARDING RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES 674
22.2.2 MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF LINEAR VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES 676
22.2.3 RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR AND MODELING OF POLYSACCHARIDE SYSTEMS 677
22.3 RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF PROTEIN SYSTEMS 685
22.3.1 RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF MILK PROTEINS 685
22.3.2 RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF SOY PROTEINS 688
22.3.3 RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF MEAT PROTEINS 689
22.4 RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF MIXTURE SYSTEMS 690
22.4.1 RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MIXTURES OF MILK PROTEINS AND
POLYSACCHARIDES 690
22.4.2 RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MIXTURES OF SOY PROTEINS AND OTHER
PROTEINS 693
22.5 CONCLUSIONS 694
REFERENCES 694
23 PHYSICAL GELS OF BIOPOLYMERS: STRUCTURE, RHEOLOGICAL
AND GELATION PROPERTIES 699
CAMILLE MICHON
23.1 INTRODUCTION 699
23.2 GEL ORGANIZATION AT DIFFERENT SCALES 700
23.3 SOL-GEL TRANSITION IN POLYMER GELS: DETERMINATION AND
APPLICATIONS 703
23.3.1 DEFINITION OF THE SOL-GEL TRANSITION 703
23.3.2 DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES TO FOLLOW THE GEL FORMATION 704
23.3.3 CLASSICAL METHODS FOR DETERMINING THE
GEL POINT 705
23.3.3.1 DETERMINING THE
GEL POINT USING G (O)) AND G (A ) SPECTRA 706
23.3.4 THE METHOD OF TAN S CROSSING APPLIED TO THE STUDY OF MIXED
GELS 707
23.4 GEL AND SOL-GEL TRANSITION APPLICATIONS 710
23.4.1 USES OF GEL TO TRAP SCATTERED ELEMENTS 710
23.4.2 MECHANICAL REVERSIBILITY OF PHYSICAL GELS AND APPLICATIONS 711
23.4.3 FOAMS CONTAINING GELATIN. HOW TO CHOOSE THE WHIPPING
TEMPERATURE 712
CONTENTS XIII
23.5 CONCLUSION 714
REFERENCES 715
24 INTERFACIAL PROPERTIES OF BIOPOLYMERS, EMULSIONS, AND EMULSIFIERS 717
ADAMANTINI PARASKEVOPOULOU AND
VASSILIS KIOSSEOGLOU
24.1 INTRODUCTION 717
24.2 SURFACE-ACTIVE POLYSACCHARIDES 720
24.3 BIOPOLYMER BLENDS IN EMULSIONS 724
24.3.1 INCOMPATIBLE PROTEIN-POLYSACCHARIDE BLENDS 724
24.3.2 ASSOCIATIVE PROTEIN-POLYSACCHARIDE INTERACTIONS 726
24.3.2.1 PHYSICAL PROTEIN-POLYSACCHARIDE COMPLEXES 726
24.3.2.2 COVALENT PROTEIN-POLYSACCHARIDE CONJUGATES 730
24.4 CONCLUDING REMARKS 734
REFERENCES 736
25 MODELING AND SIMULATION OF BIOPOLYMER SYSTEMS 741
DENIS BOUYER
25.1 INTRODUCTION 741
25.2 WHY MODELING (AND SIMULATING)? 741
25.2.1 DESCRIBING THE MECHANISMS INVOLVED IN THE FABRICATION OF
BIOPOLYMER
MATRICES 741
25.2.2 DISCRIMINATING THE
ELEMENTARY PHENOMENA 742
25.2.3 DEVELOPING A PREDICTIVE TOOL 742
25.2.4 OPENING NEW PERSPECTIVES 742
25.3 WHAT MODELING (TRANSFER, TRANSPORT, CHEMICAL REACTION, ETC.)? 743
25.4 WHICH VALIDATION
FOR A MODEL? 744
25.5 METHODOLOGY 745
25.5.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE GEOMETRY 745
25.5.2 DEFINITION OF THE INITIAL ASSUMPTIONS 746
25.5.3 MODELING THE
THERMODYNAMICS 747
25.5.4 MASS BALANCE EQUATION 747
25.5.5 COUPLING BETWEEN MASS AND HEAT
TRANSFER 748
25.5.5.1 DEFINITION OF THE BIOT NUMBER 748
25.5.5.2 LUMPED PARAMETER APPROACH 749
25.5.5.3 SOLVING THE HEAT EQUATION 749
25.5.6 DEFINITION OF THE INITIAL AND BOUNDARY
CONDITIONS 749
25.5.6.1 INITIAL CONDITIONS FOR MASS AND HEAT
TRANSFER 749
25.5.6.2 BOUNDARY CONDITIONS FOR MASS TRANSFER 750
25.5.6.3 BOUNDARY CONDITIONS FOR HEAT TRANSFER 750
25.5.7 SOLVING THE BOUNDARY DISPLACEMENT 750
25.5.8 MASS AND HEAT
TRANSFER COEFFICIENTS 751
25.5.8.1 FREE CONVECTION 751
25.5.8.2 FORCED CONVECTION 753
25.5.9 NUMERICAL SIMULATION 753
25.6 APPLICATION TO BIOPOLYMER SYSTEMS 754
CONTENTS
25.6.1 ELABORATION OF CHITIN HYDROGELS USING NONSOLVENT VAPORS 754
25.6.1.1 NATURE OF CHITIN AND
CHITOSAN BIOPOLYMERS 754
25.6.1.2 PREPARATION OF CHITIN MATRICES 754
25.6.1.3 MODELING APPROACH FOR THE
ELABORATION OF CHITIN HYDROGEL 755
25.6.1.4 MAIN RESULTS AND APPLICATIONS 756
25.6.2 ELABORATION OF CHITOSAN HYDROGELS BY AMMONIA PENETRATION AND
CHEMICAL REACTION 760
25.6.2.1 PREPARATION OF CHITOSAN SOLUTIONS 761
25.6.2.2 ELEMENTARY PHENOMENA
INVOLVED IN THE VAPOR GELATION PROCESS 761
25.6.2.3 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE FOR FOLLOWING THE GELATION FRONT 761
25.6.2.4 EQUATION SYSTEM INCLUDING THE COUPLING BETWEEN
TRANSPORT AND
CHEMICAL REACTION 762
25.6.2.5 MAIN RESULTS AND
APPLICATIONS 764
25.7 CONCLUSIONS 772
NOMENCLATURE 772
REFERENCES 773
26 AGING AND BIODEGRADATION OF BIOCOMPOSITES 777
SIJI K. MARY, PRASCMTH KUMAR SASIDHARAN
PILLAI,
DEEPA BHANUMATHY AMMA,
LALY A POTHEN, AND SABU THOMAS
26.1 INTRODUCTION 777
26.1.1 AGING OF BIOPOLYMER SYSTEMS 780
26.1.2 AGING TESTS 781
26.1.2.1 ENVIRONMENTAL AGING
TEST 781
26.1.2.2 ARTIFICIAL AGING TEST 781
26.1.2.3 ACCELERATED AGING
TESTS 781
26.1.3 EFFECTS OF AGING AND MOISTURE
ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES 782
26.2 BIODEGRADATION OF BIOPOLYMERS 785
26.2.1 BIODEGRADATION BEHAVIOR 786
26.3 RECYCLING OF BIOPOLYMER-EMBEDDED BIOCOMPOSITES 790
26.4 FUTURE VISION 795
REFERENCES 795
27 BIOPOLYMERS FOR HEALTH, FOOD, AND COSMETIC APPLICATIONS 801
ROBIN AUGUSTINE, RAJAKUMARI RAJENDRAN, UROS CVELBAR, MIRAN MOZETII,
AND ANNE
GEORGE
27.1 INTRODUCTION 801
27.2 BIOPOLYMERS FOR HEALTH APPLICATIONS 802
27.2.1 INTRODUCTION 802
27.2.2 BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS 802
27.2.3 CONSIDERATIONS FOR SELECTION OF POLYMERS 803
27.2.4 PROTEINS AND POLY(AMINO
ACIDS): ENZYMATICALLY DEGRADABLE
POLYMERS AS BIOMATERIALS 803
27.2.4.1 COLLAGEN 803
27.2.4.2 NATURAL POLY(AMINO ACIDS) 805
27.2.4.3 ELASTIN 805
27.2.4.4 FIBRIN 805
27.2.5 POLYSACCHARIDES OF HUMAN
ORIGIN 806
27.2.5.1 HYALURONIC ACID 806
27.2.5.2 CHONDROITIN SULFATE 806
27.2.6 POLYSACCHARIDES OF NONHUMAN
ORIGIN 807
27.2.6.1 CHITIN AND
CHITOSAN 807
27.2.6.2 ALGINIC ACID 807
27.2.6.3 XANTHAN GUM 808
27.2.6.4 GUM
ARABIC 808
27.2.6.5 STARCH 809
27.2.6.6 CELLULOSE 809
27.2.6.7 PECTIN 810
27.2.6.8 CARRAGEENAN 810
27.2.7 POLYMERS WITH HYDROLYZABLE BACKBONE 810
27.2.7.1 POLY(A-ESTERS) 810
27.2.7.2 POLYGLYCOLIDE 813
27.2.7.3 POLYLACTIDES 813
27.2.7.4 POLY(LACTIDE-CO-GLYCOLIDE) 813
27.2.7.5 POLYCAPROLACTONE 814
27.2.7.6 POLYDIOXANONE 814
27.2.7.7 POLY(3-HYDROXYALKANOATES)(PHA)S 814
27.2.7.8 POLY(ESTER AMIDE) 815
27.2.7.9 POLY(ORTHOESTERS) (POE) 816
27.2.7.10 POLYANHYDRIDES 816
27.2.7.11 POLY PROPYLENEFUMARATE 816
27.2.7.12 POLY(ALKYL CYANOACRYLATES) 817
27.2.7.13 POLYPHOSPHAZENES 817
27.2.7.14 POLYPHOSPHOESTER 817
27.2.8 CONCLUSIONS 818
27.3 BIOPOLYMERS FOR FOOD APPLICATIONS 819
27.3.1 INTRODUCTION 819
27.3.2 CHITIN AND
CHITOSAN 819
27.3.3 DEXTRAN 819
27.3.4 XANTHAN 821
27.3.5 BACTERIAL CELLULOSE 822
27.3:6 GELLAN 823
27.3.7 CURDLAN 823
27.3.8 PULLULAN 824
27.3.9 STARCH 825
27.3.10 ALGINIC ACID 825
27.3.11 GELATIN 825
27.3.12 CYCLODEXTRINS 826
27.3.13 CARRAGEENAN 826
27.3.14 CONCLUSIONS 826
XVII CONTENTS
27.4 BIOPOLYMERS FOR COSMETIC APPLICATIONS 827
27.4.1 GENERAL INGREDIENTS OFCOSMETIC PRODUCTS 828
27.4.2 COSMECEUTICALS 828
27.4.3 BIOPOLYMERS IN COSMETIC PREPARATIONS 829
27.4.3.1 PROTEINS IN COSMETICS 829
27.4.3.2 POLYSACCHARIDES IN COSMETICS 836
27.4.4 CONCLUSIONS 843
REFERENCES 844
INDEX 851
|
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| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-20T16:30:03Z |
| institution | BVB |
| language | English |
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| physical | XXV, S. 351 - 875 Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| publishDateSearch | 2013 |
| publishDateSort | 2013 |
| publisher | Wiley-VCH |
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| spellingShingle | Handbook of biopolymer-based materials from blends and composites to gels and complex networks |
| title | Handbook of biopolymer-based materials from blends and composites to gels and complex networks |
| title_auth | Handbook of biopolymer-based materials from blends and composites to gels and complex networks |
| title_exact_search | Handbook of biopolymer-based materials from blends and composites to gels and complex networks |
| title_full | Handbook of biopolymer-based materials from blends and composites to gels and complex networks 2 ed. by Sabu Thomas ... |
| title_fullStr | Handbook of biopolymer-based materials from blends and composites to gels and complex networks 2 ed. by Sabu Thomas ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Handbook of biopolymer-based materials from blends and composites to gels and complex networks 2 ed. by Sabu Thomas ... |
| title_short | Handbook of biopolymer-based materials |
| title_sort | handbook of biopolymer based materials from blends and composites to gels and complex networks |
| title_sub | from blends and composites to gels and complex networks |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=026043983&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV041066981 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT thomassabu handbookofbiopolymerbasedmaterialsfromblendsandcompositestogelsandcomplexnetworks2 |
Table of Contents
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Branch Library Chemistry
| Call Number: |
0304 CHE 762f 2013 A 4609-2
Floor plan |
|---|---|
| Copy 1 | Not available for loan On Shelf |