Devizové přísliby a cestováni do zahraničí v období normalizace:
Gespeichert in:
| Beteilige Person: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Tschechisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Praha
Ústav pro Soudobé Dějiny AV ČR
2012
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Ill.Česká společnost po roce 1945
8 |
| Schlagwörter: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025872334&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025872334&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Beschreibung: | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: Foreign exchange permits and other travel restrictions in Czechoslovakia, 1969 - 89 |
| Umfang: | 178 S. |
| ISBN: | 9788072851492 |
Internformat
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| 490 | 1 | |a Ill.Česká společnost po roce 1945 |v 8 | |
| 500 | |a Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: Foreign exchange permits and other travel restrictions in Czechoslovakia, 1969 - 89 | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819345294304739328 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | OBSAH
Úvodem
................................................................................................5
Devizové krytí zahraničních cest před rokem
1948.................................7
Soukromé cesty ajejich devizové krytí v letech
1948-1969......................12
Devizové přísliby a devizové řízení v období normalizace
.....................18
Pokusy o revizi příslibového řízení a zavedení
nových druhů devizového krytí
.............................................................46
Devizové krytí cest v po listopadu
1989.................................................53
DOKUMENTY
......................................................................................55
PŘÍLOHY
............................................................................................169
Summary
..........................................................................................177
Foreign Exchange Permits and Other Travel Restrictions
in Czechoslovakia,
1969-89
Summary
After the crushing of the Prague Spring reforms in August
1968,
and with the
re-establishment of hard-line Communism, reflected it its policy of norma¬
lization
(1969-89),
régime
resolved to restrict foreign travel by Czechoslo¬
vak citizens. One of the methods it used was to introduce a system of foreign
currency exchange permits
(devizovépřísliby).
The permit was a written sta¬
tement confirming that the Czechoslovak State Bank would allow the bearer
to purchase freely convertible currency for Czechoslovak crowns.
Czechoslovak currency was at the time not freely convertible and there
was a state monopoly on trading foreign currency. All Czechoslovak citi¬
zens resident in the country (and technically even all foreigners with per¬
manent residency in Czechoslovakia) were not allowed to possess foreign
currency. Instead they had to sell what they had to the Czechoslovak State
Bank or another bank authorized by the State Bank. The purchase of fore¬
ign currencies from Czechoslovak banks and their export abroad, as well as
the export and import of Czechoslovak currency, required the permission of
the Czechoslovak State Bank. The currency export restrictions were intro¬
duced for both economic and political reasons. In economic terms, the State
wanted to obtain as much freely convertible currency as possible. Politica¬
lly, the Communist regime sought to restrict private travel by Czechoslovak
citizens to countries outside the East bloc, in order to protect them from
Western ideological influence and also to prevent illegal emigration. For the
same reasons, there were also restrictions on travel to Yugoslavia. Foreign
currency exchange permits were one of several administrative barriers. To
travel to countries outside the East bloc and Yugoslavia, one needed not only
a valid passport, but also a special exit permit
(výjezdní doložka)
attached
to the passport for each journey. The exit permits were issued by the regi¬
onal Passport Offices. To obtain one, the hopeful traveller was required to
present a foreign currency exchange permit.
The foreign currency exchange permits were issued to the applicants in
a limited number every year by the local branches of the Czechoslovak Sta-
177
te
Bank. The permit allowed the holder to exchange Czechoslovak currency
into freely convertible currencies on a per-day basis: every January the dai¬
ly limit for that particular year was announced by the Czechoslovak State
Bank. An applicant could exchange money according to the number of days
which he or she wished to spend abroad. The allowed maximum was twen¬
ty days per year. At the beginning of the normalization period, in
1969,
the
maximum allowed exchange amount was US$100, in the
1980s
the amount
was gradually increased to US$240 for a whole trip. Every citizen could
apply for the exchange permit only once a year. The total amount of fore¬
ign currency available for private travel abroad could not, however, cover
the needs of all applicants. Almost three-quarters of all applications were
usually turned down. There were also special permits for Yugoslav dinars,
for travel to Yugoslavia. These were in principle much easier to obtain. Fo¬
reign exchange currency permits were not required for travel to Poland, the
German Democratic Republic, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, the USSR, and
Mongolia. Every Czechoslovak citizen could purchase the national curren¬
cies of these states upon presentation of a valid passport. But the per-day
and whole-stay limits applied here as well.
Up to October
1969,
it was possible to obtain an exit permit also upon pre¬
sentation of an invitation from anyone living abroad who agreed to cover
the costs of the Czechoslovak traveller s whole stay. In such a case, the fore¬
ign exchange permit from the Czechoslovak State Bank was not required by
the Passport Office. In October
1969,
invitations were restricted to next of
kin. The Passport Office, a branch of the Federal Ministry of the Interior, re¬
peatedly refused the proposals of the Czechoslovak State Bank and Federal
Ministry of Finances to allow Czechoslovak citizens to travel on invitations
from more distant relations. For example, the proposal to make it possible
for Czechoslovaks to cover their travel costs by using foreign currency sent
from abroad and deposited in special foreign currency bank accounts, which
existed in Poland and Hungary, was also refused by the Federal Ministry of
Interior. This attitude shows that the restrictions had mainly a political, not
an economical, purpose. This proposal was accepted only in
1987
when the
system partly relaxed as a result of Soviet perestroika. The exchange curren¬
cy permits were definitively abolished with the change of
régime
in Czecho¬
slovakia at the end of
1989.
178
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Rychlík, Jan 1954- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)124696236 |
| author_facet | Rychlík, Jan 1954- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Rychlík, Jan 1954- |
| author_variant | j r jr |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV040892720 |
| classification_rvk | QM 340 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)844038412 (DE-599)BVBBV040892720 |
| discipline | Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
| era | Geschichte 1969-1989 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1969-1989 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Tschechoslowakei (DE-588)4078435-6 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Tschechoslowakei |
| id | DE-604.BV040892720 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-20T16:26:37Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9788072851492 |
| language | Czech |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-025872334 |
| oclc_num | 844038412 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-M457 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-M457 |
| physical | 178 S. |
| publishDate | 2012 |
| publishDateSearch | 2012 |
| publishDateSort | 2012 |
| publisher | Ústav pro Soudobé Dějiny AV ČR |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Ill.Česká společnost po roce 1945 |
| series2 | Ill.Česká společnost po roce 1945 |
| spellingShingle | Rychlík, Jan 1954- Devizové přísliby a cestováni do zahraničí v období normalizace Ill.Česká společnost po roce 1945 Devisen (DE-588)4194722-8 gnd Auslandsreise (DE-588)4126952-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4194722-8 (DE-588)4126952-4 (DE-588)4078435-6 |
| title | Devizové přísliby a cestováni do zahraničí v období normalizace |
| title_auth | Devizové přísliby a cestováni do zahraničí v období normalizace |
| title_exact_search | Devizové přísliby a cestováni do zahraničí v období normalizace |
| title_full | Devizové přísliby a cestováni do zahraničí v období normalizace Jan Rychlík |
| title_fullStr | Devizové přísliby a cestováni do zahraničí v období normalizace Jan Rychlík |
| title_full_unstemmed | Devizové přísliby a cestováni do zahraničí v období normalizace Jan Rychlík |
| title_short | Devizové přísliby a cestováni do zahraničí v období normalizace |
| title_sort | devizove prisliby a cestovani do zahranici v obdobi normalizace |
| topic | Devisen (DE-588)4194722-8 gnd Auslandsreise (DE-588)4126952-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Devisen Auslandsreise Tschechoslowakei |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025872334&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025872334&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV019605041 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rychlikjan devizoveprislibyacestovanidozahranicivobdobinormalizace |