The key to modern Freemasonry: the hidden mysteries of nature and science
Gespeichert in:
| Beteilige Person: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Rochester Upon Medway
Hamilton House Publ.
2011
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. in Great Britain |
| Schlagwörter: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025769579&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Umfang: | xxviii, 484 S. Ill., graph. Darst. 21 cm |
| ISBN: | 9780955035265 0955035260 |
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| 610 | 1 | 4 | |a Freemasonry / Great Britain |
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contente:
Page No.
Dedication
......................................................
iii
Foreword
.......................................................
v
Frontispiece
....................................................
vii
List of Parts and Chapters
........................................ix
Preface
.......................................................xvii
General Introduction
...........................................xviii
Acknowledgements
............................................xxvii
part I
Cbc fundamental basis of the ]4asonic (symbolical) science of the early
1700s with due reference to modern concepts
Abstract: This section of the work gives an insight into the level of understanding
of science and technology that could have been reasonably expected of an educated
man in the early 1720s; but in particular, because of their antecedents, those people
known to be in an influential position within the Premier Grand Lodge at that time. At
first the level is likely to appear somewhat naive, amounting to little more than that
found in schoolroom science, but on closer inspection it is realised that their grasp
of the available knowledge was most profound and rounded; especially so when
coupled with their remarkable understanding of geometry and mathematics, which
was quite exceptional even by present day standards and certainly not that found
in a modern schoolroom. The manifestations of Nature and the manner in which
science could be integrated within it were central to them and their writings clearly
show that it afforded them a cohesive view of the physical world and its relationship
with spiritual truth. They felt that they were in a time when all was being revealed,
making it possible for them to see how Nature and science were intimately related
to their whole corporeal and mental faculties and in very great measure offered an
explanation of their very existence and prospect of futurity.
At that time there were effectively no specialisms or implied barriers and most of
those of interest here could boast a comprehensive understanding of the basic principles
of all contemporary science, although even at that early stage some had clearly definable
specialist interests. These basic science areas, as they would now be regarded, are
considered in much the same order as they appear in the Symbolical Lecture of the Royal
Arch; which by happy coincidence considers architecture first and as such is particularly
appropriate given its symbolic importance to Freemasonry. It is also appropriate in that
it shows clearly the contemporary move toward analysis and physical demonstration
The Key
ίο
Modem Freemasonry
(within the public domain), rather than being dependent upon a system of knowledge
transfer that was predicated upon the reclusive transfer of expertise.
Chapter
1
(Masonic) symbolical science of the early 1700s
.. 1
Chapter
2
Architecture
............................... 8
Chapter
3
The two principal colours
....................36
Chapter
4
Geometry
.................................49
Chapter
5
The five regular Platonic solids with respect
to the four elements and the sphere of the
Universe
..................................68
Chapter
6
The four elements
.........................78
Chapter
7
(Astronomy) Sphere of the Universe
-
a
dodecahedron
............................ 93
Chapter
8
The science not included
....................103
part II
Che case for claiming that the ethos of early premier Grand £odge
was influenced b>> predominance of
Rature
and Science
expreseed
within a humanitarian context and a description of an analytical
approach that demonstrates such an assertion?
Abstract: Throughout this study it is claimed that there is strong evidence to support
an argument that the essential precepts of Freemasonry have remained unchanged
from those enshrined in the early
1
700s and to identify those individuals within the
emerging Premier Grand Lodge who were responsible for it. That Premier Grand
Lodge was merely one further example of the numerous clubs and societies being
founded at time, but with the crucial distinction that its potential affiliates were
already members of long established local societies; all of which subscribed to a
basic, but highly sophisticated, ethos.
As with all the other similar enterprises at that time they had a nucleus of
zealous people and as with most things related to human behaviour they were
Contents
inclined to fashion their new initiative after their own image, like interests, social
disposition and association; which in the case of those with whom we are
interesled
almost amounted to an obsession with matters scientific. Whilst a few may not have
been quite so passionate there is no doubt that most of this highly influential group
were heavily bound up with this emerging science and technology, with several
deriving the bulk of their livelihood from it and it is therefore not surprising that it
features largely in the ritual. The rate of scientific discovery during this period was
astounding with each claimed as an irrefutable truth, only to then be quickly replaced
by another set of equal authority. These pundits were not slow to put their thoughts
on the veracity of such claims into the public domain and so it is possible from their
writings, lectures and similar initiatives to obtain a clear record of contemporary
thought and their particular stance within it.
Nonetheless they were in a highly political environment which obliged
them to exercise some discretion which required them to perform a balancing act
between the accepted religious teaching of the period and what might appear an
ungodly mechanistic interpretation of some of the physical aspects
ornature
being
promoted. Their public disposition and perceived position on these matters with
respect to their feedstock (principally the existing freemasons lodges) societies was
of necessity tempered. In consequence the ritual adopted was somewhat anomalous
and cautionary and what in essence was a mixture of mechanistic science and an
interpretation of Newtonian/Aristotelian philosophy which ultimately accepted that
all systems had their true being and origin in God s divinity and thereby acceptable to
the established church. It is clearly much easier to claim such a relationship pertained
than to demonstrate it, however it will be shown that by employing a technique
which overlays all these otherwise disparate factors it is possible to progressively
construct a model that leads to a solid basis for arriving at such an interpretation.
Chapter
9
Introduction
......................................108
Chapter
10
Factors affecting the investigation
&
proposed
analytical model
...................................118
Chapter
11
Raison d être
of the Royal Arch, its content and
its relationship to Craft Masonry
......................135
Chapter
12
Sociological factors behind the formation of
Grand Lodge and the Royal Arch
.....................146
Chapter
13
Education
........................................155
The Key to Modern Freemasonry
part III
Influential figures well placed to
bave a
marked effect on the evolution
of the premier 6rand Codge.
Abstract: Archival evidence clearly shows who occupied the senior offices in those
formative years and there is considerable incidental evidence that indicates that there
were others who were eminently capable and sufficiently well placed to also have a
marked influence on the protocols and ethos of the fledgling Premier Grand Lodge.
It will become clear later that it is somewhat artificial to consider these two groups
as separate entities, but to avoid unnecessary complication in the first instance they
will be discussed as being quite separate.
It is also evident that from the very start that whilst four men, seemingly of
equal status, are recorded as the Founders they were in practice far from equal,
to an extent where two appear to have had little or no bearing on that which was
to follow. It will be argued that one of the remaining pair is recorded throughout as
occupying a range of ostensibly important positions, only to find on closer analysis,
he appears to have remained passive and ineffectual; whilst the fourth was to have a
massive impact and literally engineered the ultimate structure of what we would now
recognise as formalised Freemasonry. This section is predicated on the proposition
that formalised Freemasonry was in a state of flux until the pivotal election for Grand
Master in
1723,
but for completeness a brief outline of all those who occupied the
important office of Grand Master and most of those who were otherwise likely to
have exerted influence over the first crucial
24
years.
Chapter
14
Persona of the Founders
..............................165
Chapter
15
Bibliographies of the first three Grand Masters:
1717,1718/21,1719..................................175
Chapter
16
Grand Masters
1720-1724............................186
Chapter
17
Concurrent men of influence
..........................200
Chapter
18
Grand Masters:
1726-1730............................222
Chapter
19
Grand Masters:
1731-1739
and the Duke of
Chandos
............................ ........... 235
Contents
part IV
Che
Uncage of
tbc
aristocratic families of the Grand ¡Masters from
2nd
Duke of ¡Montagu,
1721,
until
1st
Viscount Dudley and
íöard,
1742
Abstract: Given that appointment of the
2nd
duke of Montagu marked the adoption of
a (unwritten, but seemingly mandatory) policy that no person would be appointed to
the post of Grand Master unless he could be numbered among the titled aristocracy it is
of some importance to consider their lineage. This level of interest, because wherever
possible, status is an important factor in the equation when trying to determine the
nature and likely motivation of the people involved in the formation of the Premier
Grand Lodge. In their case however, because of the complex interaction between
many of them, it is of interest to study the manner in which these titles were inherited/
transferred and more particularly their comparatively modern ancestry with respect to
the early 1700s. Further to observe the subtle, but surprisingly close, interrelationship
between many, if not all of them, together with the other significant people who were
serious players in the upper echelons of Premier Grand Lodge in those formative years.
Further it shows that in reality very few high ranking aristocracy were retained
by Elizabeth I, certainly none above the rank of Baron survived (except in name
only
-
which were later to be conferred on others not directly related). That most of
the titles of interest derived from the explosion in the aristocracy followed from the
ascension to the Throne of James I in
1603,
thereby ensuring an extremely strong
Scottish (Stuart) influence. The upheaval caused by the Civil War, under Cromwell s
tolerant influence, had little impact on these families and many emerged much as
they had begun and by one means or another quickly regained royal patronage.
However, the greatest impact on many of those with whom we are concerned was the
noble families created by the largess of Charles
И
towards his illegitimate offspring
and these persons are interlaced in many ways with the early Grand Masters.
The associated Tables show how many of the titles afforded to these people in
Masonic publications were conferred after they had already served as Grand Master
and to some extent explain why, as comparatively minor aristocracy, they may have
been very keen to accept the nomination of this high
office.
Chapter
20
An introduction to a potted history of the preceding
130
years and the watershed of the death of Elizabeth I
(1558-1603).......................................257
Chapter
21
James I (England) and VI (Scotland),
(1566-1625)......................................265
The Key to Modern Freemasonry
Chapter
22
Charles I
(1600-1649)..............................275
Chapter
23
Commonwealth
...................................280
Chapter
24
Charles II
(1630-1685).............................283
Chapter
25
James II
(1633-1701) ..............................289
Chapter
26
William III
(1650-1702)
and Mary
(1662-1695).........294
Chapter
27
Queen Anne
(1665-1714)...........................298
Chapter
28
George I
(1660-1727)..............................302
Chapter
29
George II
(1683-1760) .............................307
part V
Cbosc factors of
tbc
sociological climate and contemporary issues
that surrounded and impacted upon the instigation and subsequent
structure of premier <3rand Codge
Abstract: Good fortune with respect to the people involved and their wisdom
with regard to contents, may have played a large part in the outstanding success of
Formalised (Grand Lodge) Freemasonry, but that it came into existence at all was in
great measure due to the favourable conditions within the social climate of the time.
The basic premise and motivation of this Part is the contention that peripheral
(incidental) activities, such as Freemasonry, can only flourish if there is a buoyant economy,
underpinned by general social, religious, political stability and a disposition towards any
such trait.
Ifin
this instance this claim is to be substantiated then it is necessary to outline
the nature of the society and the circumstances that brought it about.
When these favourable conditions prevail then it is usually accompanied by an
expansion in extraneous social (leisure) activity, such as in this case: clubs, societies,
coffee houses, taking tea, but of especially social interest during that period and hence
of especially importance here was the public s pursuance of knowledge; notably in
the form of public and private lectures and publications on scientific discovery. This
was particularly sensitive then because of its potential contradiction with established
religious thought, especially so with respect to the contemporary (ungodly deemed
by some) upsurge of scientific/technological explanation of cause and effect. Because
it is argued here that Newtonianism was of compelling (messianic belief in Newton)
interest to certain of the Founders this aspect of the contemporary (thought) climate
is given specific consideration.
Contents
Chapter
30
Social factors and their influence on Masonry
..........311
Chapter
31
Political changes prior to and during the
founding of Grand Lodge
..........................316
Chapter
32
Sociological changes from Elizabeth I to
the foundation of Grand Lodge
.....................329
Chapter
33
Religion
..........................................349
Chapter
34
Progression of the (Masonic) sciences
..................357
Chapter
35
The science not embraced in the Ritual
................369
Chapter
36
Newton, Newtonians and Newtonianism
...............382
part VI
Я
consideration of tbe
Ciberai
Hrts and Sciences,
tbc
Ridden JVIystcrics
of ¡Nature and Science, their place in freemasonry and tbe conclusions
that may be drawn from this study
Abstract: In the preceding parts many of the facets that purport to justify or at least
offer some explanation for their repeated inclusion throughout Masonic ritual were
considered under discreet headings. This was deemed especially true of the above
topics given the many injunctions for freemasons to study and understand them and
demonstrated their importance to those who constructed the early ritual. However,
the expedient of considering them as unique entities was somewhat artificial, since
they are all interrelated and to correct that false impression they are here considered
collectively. This is particularly true of the moral imperatives within the ritual, which
the Founders considered were underpinned by the innate truths and certainties that
they believed resided in Nature and science and their undoubted connection with
the absolute perfection of the deity. The discussion here is to gain some further
understanding of what those people believed to be the precise status of Nature and
science at that time and its impact upon them.
Secondly the discussion is extended with respect to the many social factors that
surrounded this new initiative and to consider the many aspects that made it so well
placed to not only survive, but flourish.
Finally there is an attempt to arrive at some conclusions . Whilst this work may
The Key to Modern Freemasonry
appear to be extensive, in a work such as this it is still only a distillation of numerous
aspects that should be considered more fully. The output of any person trying to
research history can only be an interpretation of the facts as they see them and that
in turn has usually entailed their interpretation of the interpretations of others. It is
therefore hoped that these conclusions are as objective as the human disposition
allows, namely that which one would intuitively expect within scientific analysis,
but sadly this is rarely
tme
of the pundits of science either and so caveat emptor
Chapter
37
The Seven Liberal Arts and Sciences and
the Hidden Mysteries of Nature and Science
........390
Chapter
38
The Whys and Wherefores
.........................406
Chapter
39
General discussion of findings
......................419
Chapter
40
In the final analysis
...............................428
Appendix
1.
Desaguliers Poem
................................437
Abstract: A more easily readable transcription of
Desaguliers poem and explanatory notes.
Appendix
2.
Lexicography
....................................456
Abstract: Examples taken from dictionaries that date from
before, during and somewhat later than the
1
720s, of some of the significant words used
in relation to the science of Masonic ritual.
Appendix
3.
Further explanation of a Set Theory approach
........472
Abstract: Some additional consideration of the Set Theory
approach used in this work.
Index
............................ ___ 479
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| spellingShingle | Lawrence, Charles C. The key to modern Freemasonry the hidden mysteries of nature and science Royal Society (Great Britain) / History Freemasonry / Great Britain Freemasonry / Great Britain / History Science / Great Britain / History Geschichte Naturwissenschaft Freimaurerei (DE-588)4018348-8 gnd |
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| title | The key to modern Freemasonry the hidden mysteries of nature and science |
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| title_exact_search | The key to modern Freemasonry the hidden mysteries of nature and science |
| title_full | The key to modern Freemasonry the hidden mysteries of nature and science Charles C. Lawrence |
| title_fullStr | The key to modern Freemasonry the hidden mysteries of nature and science Charles C. Lawrence |
| title_full_unstemmed | The key to modern Freemasonry the hidden mysteries of nature and science Charles C. Lawrence |
| title_short | The key to modern Freemasonry |
| title_sort | the key to modern freemasonry the hidden mysteries of nature and science |
| title_sub | the hidden mysteries of nature and science |
| topic | Royal Society (Great Britain) / History Freemasonry / Great Britain Freemasonry / Great Britain / History Science / Great Britain / History Geschichte Naturwissenschaft Freimaurerei (DE-588)4018348-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Royal Society (Great Britain) / History Freemasonry / Great Britain Freemasonry / Great Britain / History Science / Great Britain / History Geschichte Naturwissenschaft Freimaurerei Großbritannien |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=025769579&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lawrencecharlesc thekeytomodernfreemasonrythehiddenmysteriesofnatureandscience |