Political research: methods and practical skills
Literaturangaben
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Oxford [u.a.]
Oxford Univ. Press
2012
|
| Subjects: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024813855&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Summary: | Literaturangaben |
| Item Description: | Angezeigt u.d.T.: Halperin, Sandra: Researching politics |
| Physical Description: | XIV, 440 S. graph. Darst. 25 cm |
| ISBN: | 0199558418 9780199558414 |
Staff View
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Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1819247628267814912 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Detailed contents
Preface
Political Research
1
Issues in political research
3
The research process
8
Part I: Philosophy of social science: knowledge and knowing
in social science research
9
Partii:
How to do research: an overview
11
Partili:
How to do research in practice
14
Conclusions
20
References
22
PART
1 :
Philosophy of Social Science: Knowledge and Knowing
in Social Science Research
2
Forms of Knowledge: Laws, Explanation, and Interpretation in the Study of
the Social World
25
Chapter Summary
23
Introduction
25
Positivism
27
Challenges to
positivist
approaches within the social sciences
35
Scientific realism
35
Interpretivism
39
The analysis of ethnic conflict:
a positivist
(rational choice) and intepretivist
(constructivist)
approach
44
Conclusions
48
Questions
49
Guide to Further Reading
50
References
ς,-
Objectivity and Values
53
Chapter Summary
53
Introduction
55
Normative and empirical theory in political research
5^
Values, the researcher, and the research process
55
DETAILED
CONTENTS
Values and social practice
60
Thomas
Kuhn
and scientific revolutions
61
Paradigms and paradigm change
62
Kuhnian paradigms and political studies: the case of development theory
64
Paradigms and the study of development
65
Imre Lakatos
and scientific research programmes
69
The role of values in research:
Kuhn
and
Lakatos
compared
72
Conclusions
74
Questions
75
Guide to Further Reading
75
References
76
4
Methodological Individualism and Holism
78
Chapter Summary
78
Introduction
78
Individualism and holism
79
Methodological individualism and holism
80
Methodological individualism
80
Methodological holism
82
The politics of individualism and collectivism
86
Coleman s bathtub
88
Fallacies
90
Agents and structures in the study of politics
91
The agent-structure problem
92
The dialectical relationship between structures and agents
93
Conclusions
95
Questions
95
Guide to Further Reading
95
References
96
PART
2
How to Do Research: An Overview
5
Asking Questions: How to Find and Formulate Research Questions
101
Chapter Summary
101
Introduction
101
Research questions: What are they? Where do they come from?
104
Finding research questions
105
How to formulate a researchfabie) question
111
The research vase
113
Types of questions: getting clear about what you want to know
115
Unanswerable questions: fallacies in framing research questions
120
The literature review
121
Conclusions
126
DETAILED
CONTENTS
ІХ
Questions
127
Guide to Further Reading
127
References
128
Answering Research Questions: Requirements,
Components, and Construction
129
Chapter Summary
129
Introduction
129
Answers to research questions: general requirements
132
What type of answer does your question require?
133
Answers that contribute to the development of theory
134
Where do hypotheses come from?
138
Illustration: how an analysis of existing studies provides the basis for a hypothesis
139
Specifying your argument or answer: the nuts and bolts
144
The components of a hypothesis
144
Variables
144
Relationships
146
Conceptualization and operationalization
148
Concepts and concept formation: what are you talking about?
148
Concept formation
149
Conceptualizing power : the search for theoretical utility
150
Conceptualizing democracy : mediating between coherence and differentiation
152
Operational definitions: how will you know it when you see it?
153
Illustration: Lenin s explanation of World War
1 154
Answering normative questions
156
Empirical and normative research
157
Empirical and normative questions, answers, and methods
158
Conclusions
160
Questions
160
Guide to Further Reading
160
References
161
Research Design
164
Chapter Summary
164
Introduction
164
Basic principles of research design
165
Types of research design
167
Experimental designs
167
Data-gathering strategies: how the data are collected
174
Ethical research
178
Conclusions
180
Questions
180
Guide to Further Reading
181
References
182
DETAILED
CONTENTS
PART3: How to Do Research in Practice
8
Experimental Research
187
Chapter Summary
187
Introduction
187
Basic principles of experimental design
188
Laboratory experiments
190
Field experiments
192
Natural experiments
196
Issues in experimental research
197
Conclusions
198
Questions
199
Guide to Further Reading
199
References
200
9
Comparative Research
202
Chapter Summary
202
Introduction
202
The principles of comparison
203
How we compare
205
Case study
205
Small-N comparison
208
Most Similar Systems Design
210
Most Different Systems Design
212
Issues in small-N research
214
Qualitative comparative analysis (intermediate N)
218
Quantitative analysis (large-N comparison)
^222
Ćoriđusions
* 225
Questions
226
Guide to Further Reading
226
References
227
10
Surveys
230
Chapter Summary
230
Introduction
230
The elements of a good survey
231
What you ask: questionnaire design
232
Validity: from concepts to survey questions
_,... 232
Measurement error developing indicators
233
Question wording comprehension
, · 234
DETAILED CONTENTS
11
Recall problems
236
Deliberate
misreporting
236
Question order effects
237
Question wording effects
238
Balanced questions
240
Response format
241
Who you ask: sample design
242
Defining the population: sampling frame
242
Choosing the sample: random probability sampling
243
Sampling error
246
How you ask: interview mode
247
Conclusions
251
Questions
251
Guide to Further Reading
251
References
252
Interviewing and Focus Groups
253
Chapter Summary
253
Introduction
253
1.
Interviews
254
Types of interviews
254
Individual face-to-face interviewing
254
Telephone interviews
254
Online interviews
255
Focus groups
255
Forms of interview
256
Structured interviews
256
Unstructured interviews
257
Semi-structured interviews
258
Which type and form of interview to use?
258
Oestgning a questionnaire or interview schedule for a structured interview
259
Open-ended questions
260
Partially categorized questions
262
Semi-structured or unstructured interviews
262
Formulating questions
266
Conducting a face-to-face interview
268
Conducting online interviews
270
Email interviews
270
Interviewing via video link and web camera
271
Bite interviews
272
Expert interviews and surveys
274
II. Focus groups
276
Organizing and conducting a focus group session
277
III. Analysing interview data
278
Conclusions
283
Questions
283
DETAILED CONTENTS
Guide to Further Reading
283
Software
285
References
285
12
Ethnography and Participant Observation
287
Chapter Summary
287
Introduction
287
The principles of ethnography and participant observation
288
Theory and hypothesis testing
290
Participant observation methodology
292
Choosing a research site
293
Types of research site
294
Selection of research site
295
Access to research site
295
The role of the ethnographer
297
Doing participant observation
298
Choosing informants
298
Studying with informants
300
Identity of the researcher
301
Recording observations
303
Reldnotes
303
Conclusions
305
Questions
305
Guide to Further Reading
306
References
306
13
Textual Analysis
309
Chapter Summary
309
Introduction
309
Discourse analysis
310
Speech act theory, post-structuralism, and critical discourse analysis
311
Speech act theory -^
■··-■··· 311
Post-structuralism
312
Criticai
discourse analysis
312
Analysis
313
Content analysis
318
Qualitative and quantitative content analysis
319
Coding
323
Manual and computer-assisted coding
323
Analysis
326
Validity and reliability
328
Using documents, archival sources, and historical writing as data
328
Conclusions
331
Questions
331
Guide to Further Reading
333
DETAILED
CONTENTS
Discourse analysis
333
Content analysis
334
References
335
Endnotes 337
14
Quantitative Analysis: Description and Inference
338
Chapter Summary
338
Introduction
338
Descriptive and inferential statistics
339
Levels of measurement
340
Summarizing the data
342
Tables
342
Graphs and figures
346
Summarizing the distribution using statistics
349
Measures of central tendency
349
Measures of dispersion
352
Descriptive inference
355
Population estimates
357
Confidence intervals for proportions
358
Confidence intervals for the difference between two proportions
360
Confidence intervals for means
362
Conclusions
364
Questions
364
Guide to Further Reading
364
References
365
15
Patterns of Association:
Bivaríate
Analysis
366
Chapter Summary
366
Introduction
366
The principles of bivariate analysis
367
Is there a relationship between the variables?
363
How can we describe the relationship between the variables?
369
How good is our explanation?
369
Association and causality
369
Data considerations for bivariate analysis
370
Bivariate analysis for interval data
370
Bivariate analysis using scatter plots: describing the relationship
370
Is there a relationship? Significance testing with interval variables
374
The test statistic
376
The strength of the relationship: a question of fit
377
Pearson s correlation
380
Example
1 :
democracy and development
380
Bivariate analysis for categorical data: cross-tabulation
382
Bivariate analysis using tables, describing the relationship
382
Is there a relationship? Statistical significance for cross-tabs
384
DETAILED CONTENTS
Example
2:
Ethnic diversity and civil war
387
Conclusions
389
Questions
389
Guide to Further Reading
389
References
390
16
A Guide to Multivariate
Analysu
391
Chapter Summary
391
Introduction
391
The principles of multivariate analysis: statistical control
392
Specifying different types of relationship
394
Confounding variables and spurious relationships
394
Intervening variables and indirect causality
395
Moderator variables and interaction effects
396
Multivariate analysis using OLS regression
397
Example
1 :
democracy
398
Measures of fit
402
I nterpreting the magnitude of the coefficients
403
Presenting the results
404
Multivariate analysis using logistic regression
405
Example
2:
turnout
408
Measures of fit
411
Interpreting the magnitude of coefficients
411
Interaction effects
413
Presenting and reporting data
416
Conclusions
417
Questions
417
Guide to Further Reading
418
References
418
Appendix
419
Glossary
425
Index
433
|
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| author_variant | s h sh o h oh |
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| dewey-ones | 320 - Political science (Politics and government) |
| dewey-raw | 320.072 |
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| dewey-tens | 320 - Political science (Politics and government) |
| discipline | Politologie |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV039956021 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-20T16:06:05Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0199558418 9780199558414 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-024813855 |
| oclc_num | 785850045 |
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| physical | XIV, 440 S. graph. Darst. 25 cm |
| publishDate | 2012 |
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| publisher | Oxford Univ. Press |
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| spellingShingle | Halperin, Sandra 1950- Heath, Oliver 1970- Political research methods and practical skills Politische Wissenschaft (DE-588)4076229-4 gnd Empirische Sozialforschung (DE-588)4014606-6 gnd Methodologie (DE-588)4139716-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4076229-4 (DE-588)4014606-6 (DE-588)4139716-2 |
| title | Political research methods and practical skills |
| title_alt | Researching politics |
| title_auth | Political research methods and practical skills |
| title_exact_search | Political research methods and practical skills |
| title_full | Political research methods and practical skills Sandra Halperin and Oliver Heath |
| title_fullStr | Political research methods and practical skills Sandra Halperin and Oliver Heath |
| title_full_unstemmed | Political research methods and practical skills Sandra Halperin and Oliver Heath |
| title_short | Political research |
| title_sort | political research methods and practical skills |
| title_sub | methods and practical skills |
| topic | Politische Wissenschaft (DE-588)4076229-4 gnd Empirische Sozialforschung (DE-588)4014606-6 gnd Methodologie (DE-588)4139716-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Politische Wissenschaft Empirische Sozialforschung Methodologie |
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