A handbook of applied biopolymer technology: synthesis, degradation and applications
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| Other Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cambridge
RSC Publ.
2011
|
| Series: | RSC green chemistry
12 |
| Subjects: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024572170&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Physical Description: | XVIII, 482 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9781849731515 |
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| 020 | |a 9781849731515 |c hbk. |9 978-1-84973-151-5 | ||
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a A handbook of applied biopolymer technology |b synthesis, degradation and applications |c ed. by Sanjay K. Sharma ; Ackmez Mudhoo |
| 264 | 1 | |a Cambridge |b RSC Publ. |c 2011 | |
| 300 | |a XVIII, 482 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a RSC green chemistry |v 12 | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Mudhoo, Ackmez |4 edt | |
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| 943 | 1 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-024572170 | |
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| adam_text | Contents
About the Editors
xvii
Chapter
1
History of Sustainable Bio-based Polymers
1
Tim
Α. Ο
Oswald and
Sylvána
García-Rodríguez
1.1
Background
1
1.2
Silk: From a Royal Stitch to a Wounded Peasant
4
1.3
Cellulose: The Quintessential Bio-based Plastic
7
1.4
Casein Plastics: From Food to Plastic
9
1.5
Soy Protein Plastic: Back to Nature
12
1.6
Building Scaffolds for Our Bodies: Collagen
and Chitosan
15
1.7
Letting Bacteria Make Our Plastics
17
1.8
Conclusions
19
References
19
Chapter
2
Synthetic Green Polymers from Renewable Monomers
22
Naozumi Teramoto
2.1
Introduction
22
2.2
Triglycérides
of Fatty Acids and their Derivatives
24
2.2.1
Monomers from
Triglycérides
24
2.2.2
Polymers Synthesized from
Triglycérides
29
2.3
Essential Oils, Natural Phenolic Compounds and
their Derivatives
34
2.3.1
Terpenoids
35
2.3.2
Phenylpropanoids
40
2.3.3
Lignin
Digests or Extracts and
Liquefied Wood
46
2.3.4
Other and Natural Phenolic Compounds
48
RSC Green Chemistry No.
12
A Handbook of Applied
Biopolymer
Technology: Synthesis, Degradation and Applications
Edited by Sanjay K. Sharma and Ackmez Mudhoo
©
Royal Society of Chemistry
2011
Published by the Royal Society of Chemistry, www.rsc.org
ix
x
Contents
2.4
Carbohydrates and their Derivatives
51
2.4.1
Polymers from Popular Carbohydrates
51
2.4.2
Furan
Derivatives
54
2.5
Monomers Obtained by Fermentation
55
2.6
Conclusions and Outlook
60
References
61
Chapter
3
Polyhydroxyalkanoates: The Emerging New Green
Polymers of Choice
79
Ranjana
Rai
and Ipsita Roy
3.1
Introduction
79
3.2
History of Polyhydroxyalkanoates
80
3.3
Chemical Organization of PHAs
80
3.4
Occurrence and Biosynthesis of PHAs
81
3.5
Cheap Substrates for Cost-effective PHA Production
86
3.6
Physical Properties of PHAs
86
3.7
Biocompatibility of PHAs
88
3.8 Biodegradation
of Polyhydroxyalkanoates
89
3.8.1
Factors Affecting
Biodegradation 89
3.8.2 Biodegradation in
the Environment
89
3.8.3 Biodegradation
and Biocompatibility
90
3.9
Applications of Polyhydroxyalkanoates
90
3.9.1
Industrial Application
90
3.9.2
Medical Applications
91
3.10
PHAs as Green Biofuels
94
3.11
Market and Economics of PHAs
95
3.12
Concluding Remarks
97
Acknowledgement
97
References
97
Chapter
4
Fully Green Bionanocomposites
102
P. M. Visakh, Sabu Thomas and Laly A. Pothan
4.1
Green Composites
-
Introduction
102
4.2
Green Materials: Fibres, Whiskers,
Crystals and Particles
103
4.2.1
Cellulose Fibres
103
4.2.2 Chitin
Whiskers
105
4.2.3
Starch Crystals
107
4.2.4
Soy Protein Particles
110
4.2.5
Polylactic Acid
111
4.2.6
Natural Rubber Uncross-linked Particles
114
4.3
Green Nanocomposites
114
4.3.1
Cellulose-based Green Composites
114
4.3.2 Chitin
and Chitosan-based Green Composites
116
Contents
x¡
4.3.3
Starch-based
Green
Composites
117
4.3.4
Soy
Protein-based
Green
Composites
117
4.3.5 PLA-based Green
Composites
118
4.4 Applications 121
4.5
Conclusion
122
References
123
Chapter
5
Biopolymer-based Nanocomposites
129
Kikku Fukushima,
Daniela
Tabuani and
Cristina
Abbate
5.1
Introduction
129
5.2
Experimental
131
5.2.1
Materials and Methods
131
5.2.2 Biodegradation
Conditions and Evaluation
Methods
133
5.3
Results and Discussions
133
5.3.1
Characterization
133
5.3.2 Biodegradation
139
5.4
Conclusions
145
Acknowledgements
146
References
146
Chapter
6
Biodegradable Polyesters: Synthesis and Physical Properties
149
Jasna
Djonlagic and
Marija
S.
Nikolic
6.1
Introduction
149
6.2
Poly(a-hydroxy acid)s
153
6.2.1
Polyiglycolic acid)
153
6.2.2
PolyOactic acid)
154
6.3
Polyie-caprolactone)
161
6.3.1
Synthesis of
PolyÍE-caprolactone)
161
6.3.2
Properties and Degradation of
Poly^-caprolactone)
164
6.4
Poly(hydroxyalkanoate)s
166
6.4.1
Synthesis of Poly(hydroxyalkanoate)s
166
6.4.2
Properties and Degradation of
Poly(hydroxyalkanoate)s
171
6.5
Poly(alkylene dicarboxylate)s
174
6.5.1
Synthesis of Poly(alky
lene
dicarboxylate)s
174
6.5.2
Properties and Degradation of Poly(alkylene
dicarboxylate)s
177
6.6
Application of Biodegradable Polyesters
181
6.6.1
Ecological Applications
181
6.6.2
Medical Applications
184
6.7
Future Trends in Biodegradable Polyesters
185
References
185
xii Contents
Chapter
7
Synthesis and Characterization of Thermoplastic
Agro-polymers
197
С
J. R.
Verbeek
and J. M. Bier
7.1
Introduction
197
7.1.1
Polysaccharides
198
7.1.2
Proteins
200
7.2
Synthesis
200
7.2.1
General Considerations
201
7.2.2
The Role of Additives
201
7.2.3
Starch
202
7.2.4
Proteins
204
7.3
Characterization
206
7.3.1
Overview of Characterization
206
7.3.2
Mechanical Behaviour
210
7.3.3
Thermal Properties
218
7.4
Conclusions
236
References
237
Chapter
8
Degradable
Bioelastomers:
Synthesis and
Biodegradation 243
Q.
Υ.
Liu,
L. Q.
Zhang and R. Shi
8.1
Character, Definition and Category of
Degradable
Bioelastomers 243
8.2
Requirements of Degradable
Bioelastomers 245
8.2.1
Safety
245
8.2.2 Biodegradation 246
8.2.3
Cross-linking
247
8.3
Synthesis and
Biodegradation
of Degradable
Bioelastomers 247
8.3.1
Degradable Segmented
Polyurethane
Bioelastomers 248
8.3.2
PolyÍE-caprolactone)
Related
Bioelastomers 254
8.3.3
Polylactide-related
Bioelastomers 259
8.3.4
Polycarbonate-related
Bioelastomers 264
8.3.5
Poly(glycerol sebacate)
Bioelastomer
and
its Derivatives
267
8.3.6
Citric Acid-related Polyester
Bioelastomers 271
8.3.7
Poly(ether ester)
Bioelastomers 276
8.3.8
Poly(ester amide)
Bioelastomers 278
8.3.9
Other Novel Degradable
Bioelastomers 280
8.4
Conclusions
284
Acknowledgements
284
References
284
Contents
xij¡
Chapter
9
Functionalization of PolyiL-lactide) and Applications
of the Functionalized PolyiL-lactide)
291
Xiuli
Ни
and Xiabin Jing
9.1
Introduction
291
9.2
PLA
Functionalization
293
9.2.1
Morpholine Diones
293
9.2.2
α
-Amino
acid N-Carboxyanhydride (NCA)
295
9.2.3
Cyclic Carbonates
297
9.2.4
Lactones
299
9.2.5
Cyclic Diesters
299
9.3
Applications of the Functionalized PLAs
299
9.3.1
Drug Delivery Systems
300
9.3.2
Artificial Oxygen Carriers
302
9.3.3
Protein Separation and Purification
304
9.4
Conclusions
305
References
305
Chapter
10 Biodegradation
of Poly (3-hydroxyalkanoates)
311
Rachana
Bhatt, Kamlesh
Patel
and Ujjval Trivedi
10.1
Introduction
311
10.2
Degradation of Plastics
314
10.2.1
Abiotic Degradation
314
10.2.2
Biotic Degradation
314
10.2.3
Standard Methods for Plastic
Biodegradation
Studies
315
10.3 Biodegradation
of Polyhydroxyalkanoates
316
10.3.1
Extracellular Degradation of PHA
316
10.3.2
Intracellular Degradation of PHA
325
10.4
Conclusions
327
References
327
Chapter
11
Degradation of Biodegradable and Green Polymers in the
Composting Environment
332
Ackmez Mudhoo,
Roméela
Mohee, Geeta D. Unmar and
Sanjay K. Sharma
11.1
Introduction
332
11.1.1
Biodegradable Polymers
333
11.1.2
Degradability through Composting
333
11.2
Degradation of Biodegradable Polymers
334
11.2.1
Polymer
Biodegradation
Mechanisms
334
11.2.2
Assessment of Biodegradable
Polymers Degradability
336
11.2.3
Biodegradable Polymers Blends
338
Contents
11.3
Composting Process Essentials
339
11.3.1
Composting Chemistry
339
11.3.2
Physical Parameters in Composting
344
11.3.3
Composting Systems
345
11.3.4
Vermicomposting
345
11.4 Biopolymer
Degradation and Composting
345
11.4.1
Polyhydroxyalkanoates
346
11.4.2
Poly(lactic acid)-based Polymers
348
11.4.3
Polyethylenes
350
11.4.4
Poly-E-caprolactones
355
11.5
Concluding Remarks
357
Acknowledgements
358
References
358
Chapter
12
Biodegradable Polymers: Research and
Applications
365
X. W. Wei, G. Guo,
C. Y. Gong, M. L.
Gou
and
Ziri Yortg
Q
ian
12.1
Introduction
365
12.1.1
Biodegradable Polymers and
the Environment
366
12.1.2
Biodegradable Polymers and
Biomedical
Uses
367
12.2
Natural Biodegradable Polymers and
their Derivatives
368
12.2.1
Starch and Derivatives
368
12.2.2
Cellulose and Derivatives
369
12.2.3 Chitin
and Chitosan
370
12.2.4
Alginic Acid
371
12.2.5
Collagen
372
12.2.6
Gelatin
373
12.2.7
Other Biodegradable Natural
Polymers
373
12.3
Synthetic Polymers
374
12.3.1
Polyesters
374
12.3.2
Polyurethanes
379
12.3.3 Polyamides 380
12.3.4
Polyanhydrides
380
12.3.5
Polyphosphoesters
381
12.3.6
Others
382
12.4
Conclusions
383
References
383
Contents
XV
Chapter
13
Impacts of Biodegradable Polymers: Towards
Biomedical
Applications
388
Y. Omidi and S. Davaran
13.1
Introduction
388
13.2
Classification of Biodegradable Polymers
390
13.3
Biodegradable Polyesters
391
13.3.1
Properties of
PLA/
PGA Polymers
392
13.3.2
Pharmaceutical Application of Biodegradable
Polyesters
393
13.3.3
Impacts of Micro and
Nano
Fabrication of
PLGA-based Copolymers
394
13.3.4
Biocompatible Magnetite-PLGA
Composite
Nanoparticles
399
13.3.5
PLGA-based Carriers for
Macromolecule
Delivery
400
13.3.6
Application of Polyester Polymers in Tissue
Engineering
405
13.4
Functional Polymers: Cellular
Toxicity
408
13.5
Genocompatibility and Toxicogenomics of Polymers
409
13.6
Final Remarks
413
Acknowledgements
414
References
414
Chapter
14
Biodegradable
Injectable
Systems for Bone Tissue
Engineering
419
Richard T.
Tran,
Dipendra
Gyawali, Parvathi Nair and
Jian
Yang
14.1
Introduction
419
14.2
Rationale and Requirements for
Injectable
Bone Tissue Engineering
421
14.2.1
Injectability and In Situ Cross-linking
422
14.2.2
Mechanical Properties
422
14.2.3
Porosity
423
14.2.4 Biodegradation 423
14.2.5
Cellular Behavior
424
14.2.6
Biocompatibility
425
14.3
Network Formation
425
14.3.1
Free Radical Polymerization (FRP)
426
14.3.2
Chemical Cross-linking Systems (CCS)
427
14.3.3
Thermally Induced Gelation Systems (TGS)
428
14.3.4
Self-assembly Systems
(SAS)
428
14.3.5
Ion-mediated Gelation Systems (IGS)
429
xvi
Contents
14.4
Injectable
Ceramics
429
14.5
Injectable
Cell Vehicles
431
14.5.1
Naturally Derived
Hydrogels
432
14.5.2
Synthetic-based
Hydrogels
433
14.6
Injectable
Drug Delivery Systems
434
14.6.1
Antibiotic Delivery
435
14.6.2
Growth Factor Delivery for Osteogenesis
436
14.7
Citric Acid-based Systems
439
14.8
Future Directions
441
14.9
Conclusions
441
Acknowledgments
442
References
442
Chapter
15
Production of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) from
Activated Sludge
452
M. Suresh Kumar and
Tapan
Chakrabarti
15.1
Introduction
452
15.2
Polymers
453
15.3
Storage Polymers in Microorganisms
454
15.3.1
PHB Biosynthesis
454
15.3.2
Enzymes Involved in Biosynthesis and
Degradation
455
15.3.3
Properties of PHB
456
15.3.4
Potential Applications
457
15.3.5 Biodegradation
of PHB
458
15.4
PHB Production
458
15.4.1
PHB Production with Pure Substrates
458
15.4.2
PHB Production with Wastes
459
15.4.3
PHB Production by Mixed Culture
460
15.5
Factors Affecting PHB Production
462
15.5.1
Feast/Famine Conditions
462
15.5.2
Microaerophilic Conditions
463
15.5.3
Carbon/Nitrogen Limitation Conditions
464
15.5.4
Phosphate Limitation Conditions
464
15.6
PHB Yields and Recovery Processes
465
15.7
Techno-economic Feasibility
467
15.8
Conclusions
468
References
468
Subject Index
473
|
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| id | DE-604.BV039724136 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-20T16:00:53Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781849731515 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-024572170 |
| oclc_num | 746296038 |
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| owner | DE-703 |
| owner_facet | DE-703 |
| physical | XVIII, 482 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2011 |
| publishDateSearch | 2011 |
| publishDateSort | 2011 |
| publisher | RSC Publ. |
| record_format | marc |
| series | RSC green chemistry |
| series2 | RSC green chemistry |
| spellingShingle | A handbook of applied biopolymer technology synthesis, degradation and applications RSC green chemistry Biopolymere (DE-588)4006893-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4006893-6 |
| title | A handbook of applied biopolymer technology synthesis, degradation and applications |
| title_auth | A handbook of applied biopolymer technology synthesis, degradation and applications |
| title_exact_search | A handbook of applied biopolymer technology synthesis, degradation and applications |
| title_full | A handbook of applied biopolymer technology synthesis, degradation and applications ed. by Sanjay K. Sharma ; Ackmez Mudhoo |
| title_fullStr | A handbook of applied biopolymer technology synthesis, degradation and applications ed. by Sanjay K. Sharma ; Ackmez Mudhoo |
| title_full_unstemmed | A handbook of applied biopolymer technology synthesis, degradation and applications ed. by Sanjay K. Sharma ; Ackmez Mudhoo |
| title_short | A handbook of applied biopolymer technology |
| title_sort | a handbook of applied biopolymer technology synthesis degradation and applications |
| title_sub | synthesis, degradation and applications |
| topic | Biopolymere (DE-588)4006893-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Biopolymere |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=024572170&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV036009328 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sharmasanjaykumar ahandbookofappliedbiopolymertechnologysynthesisdegradationandapplications AT mudhooackmez ahandbookofappliedbiopolymertechnologysynthesisdegradationandapplications |