Energetic food webs: an analysis of real and model ecosystems
Gespeichert in:
| Beteiligte Personen: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Oxford
Oxford Univ. Press
2012
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| Schriftenreihe: | Oxford series in ecology and evolution
|
| Schlagwörter: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020198545&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Umfang: | IX, 333 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9780198566199 9780198566182 |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819290377691070464 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Energetic Food Webs
An Analysis of Real and Model Ecosystems
JOHN C MOORE
Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, USA
PETERC DE RUITER
Biometris, Wageningen University, The Netherlands
With the assistance of Kim Melville-Smith
OXTORD
UNIVERSITY PRESS
Contents
Chapter I Approaches to studying food webs I
1 1 Introduction 1
1 2 Traditions in ecology 3
121 The community perspective 5
122 The ecosystem perspective 7
1 3 Food webs and traditions in ecology 11
131 Theoretically based food webs 11
132 Empirically based food webs: architecture 11
133 Empirically based food webs: information 13
134 How useful are these descriptions? 15
1 4 Bridging perspectives through energetics 18
141 Core concepts and elements 18
142 Comments on our approach to studying food webs 19
1 5 An overview of the parts and chapters 21
1 6 Summary 22
Part I Modeling simple and multispecies communities
Chapter 2 Models of simple and complex systems 27
2 1 Introduction 27
2 2 Model structure and assumptions 27
221 Dimensions of mass, area, and time 30
222 Functional responses 30
223 Energetic efficiency and conversion rates 33
224 Intraspecific competition and self-limitation 36
2 3 Stability 36
231 Local stability 37
232 Qualitative stability 38
233 Negative diagonal dominance and quasi-diagonal dominance 39
2331 Diagonal dominance 39
2332 Quasi-diagonal dominance 41
vi • Contents
234 Quasi-diagonal dominance and loops 42
2341 Global stability 44
2 4 Simple food chains 44
241 Primary-producer-based food chains 45
242 Detritus-based food chains, internal cycling, and donor control 46
2421 Models of donor-control dynamics 47
2422 The stability of donor control and detritus 48
2 5 The dynamics of primary-producer-based and detritus-based models 50
2 6 Summary and conclusions 51
Chapter 3 Connectedness food webs 54
3 1 Introduction 54
3 2 Soil food webs 54
3 3 The CPER soil food web 55
331 Food web components 57
3311 Basal resources 57
3312 Inorganic nitrogen and carbon 59
3313 Consumers 59
332 Aspects of food web structure 61
3321 Diversity and food chain length 61
3322 Diversity and complexity 64
3323 Omnivory 68
333 Spatial and temporal averaging 70
3 4 Summary and conclusions 71
Chapter 4 Energy flux food webs 72
4 1 Introduction 72
4 2 Biomass and physiological parameters 72
4 3 Feeding rates and mineralization rates 75
431 Feeding rates, mass balance, and energy budgets 75
432 Mineralization rates 78
4 4 Energy flux descriptions 79
4 5 Summary and conclusions 92
Chapter 5 Functional webs 94
5 1 Introduction 94
5 2 Interaction strengths 94
521 Population models 97
522 The Jacobian matrix 98
523 Estimating interaction strength from energy flux 99
524 Stability 102
Contents • vii
53A functional food web for the CPER 103
531 Energy flux and interaction strengths 103
532 Mortalities from predation 111
533 Functional groups and food web stability 113
5 4 Summary and conclusions 113
Part II The dynamics and stability of simple and
complex communities
Chapter 6 Energetic organization and food web stability 127
6 1 Introduction 127
6 2 Energetic organization and stability 128
6 3 Distribution of interaction strengths:
trophic-level-dependent interaction strengths 131
631 Distribution of biomass and flux rates: the role of energetics 132
632 Distribution of interaction strengths: the role of trophic
interaction loops 135
633 Food web stability: loops and energetics 137
6 4 Summary and conclusions 140
Chapter 7 Enrichment, trophic structure, and
stability 141
7 1 Introduction 141
7 2 Simple primary-producer-based and detritus-based models 143
721 Feasibility 144
722 Stability and resilience 146
7 3 Trophic structure and dynamics along a productivity gradient 147
731 Transitions in trophic structure 149
732 Transitions in dynamic states 150
733 Energetic efficiencies 152
734 Body size and home range 155
7 4 More complex models 157
741 Attack rates and dynamics 157
742 Paradox of enrichment 159
743 Enrichment and donor control 160
744 Chaos and complex dynamics 161
7 5 Connections to real-world productivity 165
7 6 Summary and conclusions 169
Chapter 8 Modeling compartments 172
8 1 Introduction 172
8 2 Complexity, diversity, compartments, and stability 173
viii • Contents
8 3 Defining compartments 176
8 4 Approaches to studying compartments 177
841 Evidence of compartments—binary data I 178
842 Evidence of compartments—binary data II 179
843 Evidence of compartments—carbon and nitrogen flux 180
844 Evidence of compartments—carbon flux and
interaction strengths 184
8 5 The energy channel 187
851 Time—flux rates and turnover 187
852 Habitats—spatial arrangement 192
853 Temporal arrangements and spatial interactions 192
854 Structural and dynamic properties 195
855 Quasi-independence of dynamics 196
8 6 Energy channels—structure and stability 200
861 Coupled pathways and weak links 201
862 Resistance and resilience 204
863 Enrichment, predators, and energetic bottlenecks 205
864 Donor-controlled dynamics 206
8 7 Summary and conclusions 207
Chapter 9 Productivity, dynamic stability, and
species richness 208
9 1 Introduction 208
9 2 Trophic structure, dynamics, and productivity 213
9 3 Feasibility revisited 214
9 4 Feasibility and the hump-shaped curve 218
941 Life history strategies and adaptations 220
942 Oscillations, instabilities, and population turnover rates 220
943 Energetic properties of populations 222
9 5 Trophic structure and the diversity of production 224
96A review of hypotheses 226
961 Time 227
962 Dynamic stability and disturbance 227
963 Environmental heterogeneity 227
964 Area 228
9 7 Summary and conclusions 229
Part III Dynamic food web architectures
Chapter 10 Species-based versus biomass-based
food web descriptions 235
V
10 1 Introduction 235
10 2 Dynamic food webs—playing Jenga 236
Contents • ix
10 3 Two case studies 239
10 3 1 Island biogeography 239
10 3 2 Tuesday Lake 243
10 3 3 Summary of the case studies 243
10 4 Stability, disturbance, and transition 244
10 4 1 Stability 245
10 4 2 Agents of change 248
10 5 Summary and conclusions 250
Chapter 11 Dynamic architectures and stability of
complex systems along productivity
gradients 252
11 1 Introduction 252
11 2 Food web structure in a cave ecosystem 253
11 3 Food web structure and stability along the primary succession
gradient at the Wadden island of Schiermonnikoog, The Netherlands 260
11 4 Food web structure in a changing Arctic 268
11 5 General framework 280
11 6 Summary and conclusions 282
Chapter 12 Food web dynamics beyond asymptotic
behavior 284
12 1 Introduction 284
12 2 Variability, equilibrium states, and asymptotic stability 285
12 2 1 Variability, steady state, and the calculation of
energy flow and nutrient cycling 285
12 2 2 Variability, trophic interaction strengths, and
asymptotic stability 287
12 3 Transient dynamics 289
12 4 Spatial systems 296
12 4 1 Spatial networks, structure, and resilience 298
12 4 2 Dynamical implications of space 301
12 5 Asymptotically ambiguous states 303
12 5 1 Permanence 303
12 5 2 Apparent complexity 305
12 6 Reconciling asymptotic stability, spatial structure, and transient
dynamics 306
12 7 Summary and conclusions 307
References 310
Index 329
|
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| isbn | 9780198566199 9780198566182 |
| language | English |
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| spellingShingle | Moore, John C. Ruiter, Peter C. de Energetic food webs an analysis of real and model ecosystems Ökosystem (DE-588)4043216-6 gnd Nahrungskette (DE-588)4139194-9 gnd |
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| title | Energetic food webs an analysis of real and model ecosystems |
| title_auth | Energetic food webs an analysis of real and model ecosystems |
| title_exact_search | Energetic food webs an analysis of real and model ecosystems |
| title_full | Energetic food webs an analysis of real and model ecosystems John C. Moore ; Peter C. de Ruiter |
| title_fullStr | Energetic food webs an analysis of real and model ecosystems John C. Moore ; Peter C. de Ruiter |
| title_full_unstemmed | Energetic food webs an analysis of real and model ecosystems John C. Moore ; Peter C. de Ruiter |
| title_short | Energetic food webs |
| title_sort | energetic food webs an analysis of real and model ecosystems |
| title_sub | an analysis of real and model ecosystems |
| topic | Ökosystem (DE-588)4043216-6 gnd Nahrungskette (DE-588)4139194-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Ökosystem Nahrungskette |
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