The cultural landscape: an introduction to human geography
Gespeichert in:
| Beteilige Person: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Upper Saddle River, NJ
Prentice Hall
1996
|
| Ausgabe: | 5. ed. |
| Schlagwörter: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=019639871&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Umfang: | XVIII, 636 S. zahlr. Ill., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0133864189 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1819377112219385856 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: The cultural landscape
Autor: Rubenstein, James M.
Jahr: 1996
BASIC CONCEPTS
CASE STUDY
Where is Miami? 4
KEY ISSUE 1
How Do Geographers Answer the Where
Question? 5
Maps: Scale Models That Show Where Something Is 6
• How Geography Grew as a Science by Answering
Where? 10 · Location: Where Something Is 14
KEY ISSUE 2
How Do Geographers Answer the Why
Question? 20
Regional Analysis 20 · Spatial Analysis 29 ·
KEY ISSUE 3
How Do Geographers Explain the Significance of
Geographic Patterns? 36
Globalization of Culture 36 · Globalization of
Economy 38 · Our Global Environment 40
Summary 48
Case Study Revisited 49
Key Terms 50
Thinking Geographically 52
Further Reading 52
People, Places, and Change 55
CASE STUDY
Population and Growth in India 58
CASE STUDY
Migrating in Somalia 100
KEY ISSUE 1
How Is the World s Population Distributed? 59
Population Concentration 59 · Sparsely Populated
Regions 63 · Measuring How Population Changes 70
KEY ISSUE 2
How Has the World s Population Increased?
68
Three Revolutions That Increased World Population
• Measuring How Population Changes 70
69
KEY ISSUE 3
Why Is Population Increasing at Different Rates in
Different Countries? 75
The Demographic Transition 76 · Population
Pyramids 79 · Countries in Different Stages of
Demographic Transition 82 · Demographic Transition
and World Population Growth 85
KEY ISSUE 4
Does the World Face an Overpopulation Problem? 86
Debate Over How
Malthus on Overpopulation
to Reduce Natural Increase
86
88
Summary 90
Case Study Revisited 91
Key Terms 94
Thinking Geographically 95
Further Readings 95
People, Places, and Change 97
KEY ISSUE 1
Why Do People Migrate?
Push Factors 102
Obstacles 106 ·
Migration 106
101
• Pull Factors 104 · Intervening
International and Internal
KEY ISSUE 2
Why Do People Voluntarily Emigrate from
a Country? 109
European Emigration to the United States 109 ·
Changes in U.S. Immigration Policy 112 · Guest
Workers 118
KEY ISSUE 3
Why Do People Migrate Within a Country? 120
Migration Between Regions of a Country 121 ·
Migration Within One Region 127
KEY ISSUE 4
Why Are People Forced to Emigrate from a
Country? 129
Slaven,- 129 · Political Instability 131
Summary 138
Case Study Revisited 139
Key Terms 141
Thinking Geographically 142
Further Readings 142
People, Places, and Change 145
CASE STUDY
French and Spanish in the United States and
Canada 148
KEY ISSUE 1
How Did the English Language Originate and
Diffuse? 149
CASE STUDY
Conflict in the Middle East
Development of English
Languages 153
149
Other Germanic
KEY ISSUE 2
How Is English Related to Languages Spoken
Elsewhere in the World? 156
Romance Language Branch 156 · Other Indo-
European Language Branches 162 · Search for the
Indo-European Hearth 167
KEY ISSUE 3
What Is the Spatial Distribution of Other Language
Families? 169 · Asian Language Families 170 ·
African Language Families 173
KEY ISSUE 4
Why Do People Living in Different Locations Speak
English Differently? 176
Development of Dialects in English 176 · Global
Dominance of English 183
Summary 184
Case Study Revisited 185
Key Terms 188
Thinking Geographically 189
Further Readings 189
People, Places, and Change 191
194
KEY ISSUE 1
How Are Religions Distributed? 195
Universalizing Religions 195 · Ethnic Religions
208
KEY ISSUE 2
How Do Religions Organize Space? 212
Incorporation of National Events 212 · Sacred Space
215 · Administration of Space 220
KEY ISSUE 3
What is the Impact of Religion on the
Landscape? 222
Sacred Structures 222 · Use of the Land 224
KEY ISSUE 4
What Territorial Conflicts Arise Because
of Religion? 226
Religion and Social Change 226 · Wars between
Religious Groups 228
Summary 238
Case Study Revisited 238
Key Terms 241
Thinking Geographically 241
Further Readings 242
People, Places, and Change 243
CASE STUDY
The Aboriginal Artists of Australia at Lincoln
Center 246
KEY ISSUE 1
How Do Social Customs Originate and Diffuse? 247
Origin of Folk and Popular Customs 247 · Diffusion
of Folk and Popular Customs 249
KEY ISSUE 2
What factors Create Unique Folk Regions? 254
Isolation Promotes Cultural Diversity 254 · Influence
of the Physical Environment 255 · Folk Housing 255
KEY ISSUE 3
What Factors Influence the Distribution of Popular
Customs? 262
Diffusion of Popular Housing, Clothing, and Food 262
• Importance of Television 271
KEY ISSUE 4
What Problems Result from Worldwide
Convergence of Popular Customs? 274
Threat to Folk Customs 274 · Environmental Impact
of Popular Customs 276
Summary 280
Case Study Revisited 281
Key Terms 282
Thinking Geographically 282
Further Readings 282
People. Places, and Change 285
CASE STUDY
Changing Borders in Europe 288
KEY ISSUE 1
What is the Difference between a State and
a Nation? 289
What Makes a State (Country)? 289
a Nation? 298
What Makes
KEY ISSUE 2
How Are Boundaries Drawn Between States? 303
Shapes of States 303 · Types of Boundaries 308
KEY ISSUE 3
What Problems Result When Nations and States Do
Not Have the Same Boundaries? 312
One State with More Than One Nationality 312 ·
One Nationality in More Than One State 320 ·
Internal Organization of States 329
KEY ISSUE 4
Why Do States Cooperate with Each Other? 331
Political and Military Cooperation 331 · Economic
Cooperation 336
Summary 340
Case Study Revisited 340
Key Terms 342
Thinking Geographically 342
Further Readings 343
People, Places, and Change 345
CASE STUDY
Bangladesh s Development Problems
348
KEY ISSUE 1
How is Development Measured?
Indicators of Development 350 ·
Development Indicators 361
350
Correlation of
KEY ISSUE 2
How Does the Level of Development Vary among
Regions? 362
More Developed Regions 363 · Less Developed
Regions 368
KEY ISSUE 3
How Can Countries Promote Development?
Development through International Trade 374
Development through Self-Sufficiency 376 ·
Financing Development 378
Summary 379
Case Study Revisited 380
Key Terms 381
Thinking Geographically 382
Further Readings 382
People. Places, and Change 385
374
CASE STUDY
Wheat Farmers in Kansas and Pakistan
388
KEY ISSUE 1
How Did Agriculture Originate and Diffuse? 389
How Did Agriculture Begin? 389 · Where Did
Agriculture Start? 390 · Classifying Agricultural
Regions 392
KEY ISSUE 2
What is Agriculture Like in Less Developed
Countries? 393
Shifting Cultivation 393 · Pastoral Nomadism 396 ·
Intensive Subsistence Agriculture 400
KEY ISSUE 3
What is Agriculture like in More Developed
Countries? 403
Characteristics of Commercial Agriculture 4O4 · How do
Commercial Farmers Choose Which Crops to Plant? -Þ6
KEY ISSUE 4
What Are the Most Important Agriculture Regions
in More Developed Countries? 408
Mixed Crop and Livestock Farming 4O8 · Dairy Farming
-tO9 · Grain Farming 4²Ç · Livestock Ranching 4²4 ·
Mediterranean Agriculture 4l~ · Commercial Gardening
and Fruit Farming 4I8 · Plantation and Agriculture 4²8
Summary 419
Case Study Revisited 420
Key Terms 422
Thinking Geographically 423
Further Readings 424
People. Places, and Change 425
CASE STUDY
Maquiladoras in Mexico 428
KEY ISSUE 1
How Did Industrialization Originate and Diffuse? 429
The Industrial Revolution 429 · Diffusion of the
Industrial Revolution 430
KEY ISSUE 2
How is Industry Distributed Worldwide?
434
Eastern North America 435 · Western Europe 437 ·
Eastern Europe and Russia 440 · Japan 441
KEY ISSUE 3
What Factors Influence the Choice of Location for a
Factory? 442
Situation Factors 442 · Site Factors 449 ·
Obstacles to Optimal Location 458
KEY ISSUE 4
What Industrial Problems Do Countries Face? 458
A Global Perspective 458 · More Developed
Countries 461 · Less Developed Countries 465
Summary 4Ò 7
Case Study Revisited 467
Key Terms 469
Thinking Geographically 469
Further Readings 470
People, Places, and Change 471
CASE STUDY
Obtaining Goods in Romania 474
KEY ISSUE 1
Why Are Settlements Established? 475
Cultural Reasons 475 · Economic Reasons 476
KEY ISSUE 2
How Did Rural and Urban Settlements Evolve?
Rural Settlements 477 · Urban Settlements 483
477
KEY ISSUE 3
Why Do Settlements Grow?
487
The Urbanization Explosion 487 · Social Differences
between Urban and Rural Settlements 490 · Problems
in Defining Urban Settlements 491
KEY ISSUE 4
Why are Services Concentrated in Settlements? 496
Factors in Locating a Service 496 · Central Place
Theory 501 · Economic Base of Settlements 506 ·
Economic Restructuring and the Urban System 507
Summary 510
Case Study Revisited 512
Key Terms 513
Thinking Geographically 514
Further Readings 515
People, Places, and Change 517
CASE STUDY
Two Families in New Jersey 520
CASE STUDY
Pollution in Mexico City 564
KEY ISSUE 1
What Activities Occur in the Central Business
District? 521
Services 521 · Consequences of High Land Costs 523
KEY ISSUE 2
What Problems Do Inner-City Residential Areas
Face? 526
Inner-City Housing 526 · Problems in Central Cities 530
KEY ISSUE 3
What Are the Causes and Consequences of
Suburbanization? 532
Attractions of Suburbs 532
Transportation Systems 536
of Businesses 538
Changes in
1 Suburbanization
KEY ISSUE 4
How Are Different Social Groups Distributed within
an Urban Area? 542
Internal Social Structure of Cities 524
Models outside North America 547
Summary 557
Case Study Revisited 557
Key Terms 558
Thinking Geographically 559
People, Places, and Change 561
Use of the
KEY ISSUE 1
As Fossil Fuels Are Depleted, What Alternatives Can
Replace Them? 565
Fossil Fuels 565 · Alternative Energy Sources 575
KEY ISSUE 2
What Are the Solutions to Pollution? 580
Sources of Pollution 580
Pollution 591
Alternatives for Reducing
KEY ISSUE 3
How Can We Expand the Global Food Supply? 596
Alternative Strategies to Increase Food Supply 596 ·
Africa s Food Supply Crisis 600
Summary 602
Case Study Revisited 602
Key Terms 604
Thinking Geographically 605
Further Readings 605
People, Places, and Change 607
Conclusion: Careers in Geography 608
Appendix: Map Scale and Projection, by Phillip C
Muehrcke 610
Credits 619
Selected Map Index 621
Index 623
|
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| author | Rubenstein, James M. 1949- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)170182037 |
| author_facet | Rubenstein, James M. 1949- |
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| author_sort | Rubenstein, James M. 1949- |
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| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV024971944 |
| classification_rvk | RB 10558 |
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| discipline | Geographie |
| edition | 5. ed. |
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| id | DE-604.BV024971944 |
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| indexdate | 2024-12-20T14:19:28Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0133864189 |
| language | English |
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| physical | XVIII, 636 S. zahlr. Ill., Kt. |
| publishDate | 1996 |
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| spellingShingle | Rubenstein, James M. 1949- The cultural landscape an introduction to human geography Anthropogeografie (DE-588)4133695-1 gnd Demographie (DE-588)4011412-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4133695-1 (DE-588)4011412-0 (DE-588)4151278-9 (DE-588)4123623-3 |
| title | The cultural landscape an introduction to human geography |
| title_auth | The cultural landscape an introduction to human geography |
| title_exact_search | The cultural landscape an introduction to human geography |
| title_full | The cultural landscape an introduction to human geography James M. Rubenstein |
| title_fullStr | The cultural landscape an introduction to human geography James M. Rubenstein |
| title_full_unstemmed | The cultural landscape an introduction to human geography James M. Rubenstein |
| title_short | The cultural landscape |
| title_sort | the cultural landscape an introduction to human geography |
| title_sub | an introduction to human geography |
| topic | Anthropogeografie (DE-588)4133695-1 gnd Demographie (DE-588)4011412-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Anthropogeografie Demographie Einführung Lehrbuch |
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