Fundamentals of three-dimensional digital image processing:
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| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Kit Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
London
Springer
2009
|
| Subjects: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016567846&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016567846&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Physical Description: | XV, 286 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9781848001725 9781848001732 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Fundamentals of three-dimensional digital image processing |c Junichiro Toriwaki ; Hiro Yoshida |
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Record in the Search Index
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
INTRODUCTION
......................................... 1
1.1
Overview
............................................... 1
1.1.1 3D
continuous images
.............................. 1
1.1.2 3D
digital images
.................................. 1
1.2
What does
3D
image mean?
............................ 3
1.2.1
Dimensionality of the media and of the subject
........ 3
1.2.2
Types of
3D
images
................................ 3
1.2.3
Cues for
3D
information
............................ 5
1.2.4
Specific examples of
3D
images
...................... 5
1.3
Types and characteristics of
3D
image processing
............ 12
1.3.1
Examples of
3D
image processing
.................... 12
1.3.2
Virtual spaces as
3D
digital images
.................. 13
1.3.3
Characteristics of
3D
image processing
............... 14
1.3.4
Objectives in
3D
image processing
................... 15
1.4
The contents of this book
................................. 18
MODELS OF IMAGES AND IMAGE OPERATIONS
..... 21
2.1
Introduction
............................................ 21
2.2
Continuous and digitized images
........................... 22
2.2.1
Continuous images
................................ 22
2.2.2
Digitized images
.................................. 22
2.2.3
Three-dimensional images
.......................... 24
2.2.4 3D
line figures and digitization
...................... 26
2.2.5
Cross section and projection
........................ 29
2.2.6
Relationships among images
........................ 31
2.3
Model of image operations
................................ 32
2.3.1
Formulation of image operations
.................... 33
2.3.2
Relations between image operators
.................. 34
2.3.3
Binary operators between images
.................... 34
2.3.4
Composition of image operations
.................... 35
2.3.5
Basic operators
................................... 38
XII Contents
2.4
Algorithm of image operations
............................ 40
2.4.1
General form of image operations
.................... 41
2.4.2
Important types of algorithms
...................... 41
3
LOCAL PROCESSING OF
3D
IMAGES
.................. 49
3.1
Classification of local operations
........................... 49
3.1.1
General form
..................................... 49
3.1.2
Classification by functions of filters
.................. 50
3.1.3
Classification by the form of a local function
.......... 50
3.2
Smoothing filter
......................................... 51
3.2.1
Linear smoothing filter
............................. 51
3.2.2
Median filter and order statistics filter
............... 52
3.2.3
Edge-preserving smoothing
......................... 53
3.2.4
.Morphology filter
.................................. 54
3.3
Difference filter
.......................................... 56
3.3.1
Significance
....................................... 56
3.3.2
Differentials in continuous space
..................... 57
3.3.3
Derivatives in digitized space
....................... 58
3.3.4
Basic characteristics of difference filter
............... 59
3.3.5
Omnidirectionalization
............................. 60
3.3.6
ID difference filters and their combinations
........... 61
3.3.7 3D
Laplacian
..................................... 62
3.3.8
2D difference filters and their combination
............ 62
3.4
Differential features of a curved surface
..................... 66
3.5
Region growing (region merging)
.......................... 69
3.5.1
Outline
.......................................... 69
3.5.2
Region expansion
.................................. 69
4
GEOMETRICAL PROPERTIES OF
3D
DIGITIZED
IMAGES
.................................................. 73
4.1
Neighborhood and connectivity
............................ 73
4.1.1
Neighborhood
..................................... 73
4.1.2
Connectivity and connected component
.............. 75
4.2
Simplex and simplicial decomposition
...................... 78
4.3
Euler
number
........................................... 80
4.4
Local feature of a connected component and topology of a
figure
.................................................. 81
4.5
Local patterns and their characterization
................... 85
4.5.1 2x2x2
local patterns
............................ 86
4.5.2 3
χ
3
χ
3
local patterns
............................ 87
4.5.3
Classification of the voxel state
...................... 89
4.5.4
Voxel state and connectivity index
................... 90
4.6
Calculation of connectivity index and connectivity number.
... 92
4.6.1
Basic ideas
....................................... 92
4.6.2
Calculation of the connectivitv index
................. 92
Contents XIII
4.6.3
Calculation of the connectivity number
............... 93
4.7
Calculation of the
Euler
number
........................... 94
4.7.1 Triangulation
method
.............................. 95
4.7.2
Simplex counting method
........................... 97
4.8
Algorithm of deletability test
.............................101
4.9
Path and distance functions
...............................103
4.9.1
Path
.............................................103
4.9.2
Distance function
..................................105
4.9.3
Distance function in applications
....................109
4.9.4
Improvement in distance metric
.....................110
4.10
Border surface
..........................................113
ALGORITHM OF BINARY IMAGE PROCESSING
......115
5.1
Introduction
............................................115
5.2
Labeling of a connected component
........................116
5.3
Shrinking
...............................................117
5.4
Surface thinning and axis thinning
.........................120
5.4.1
Definition
........................................120
5.4.2
Requirements of thinning
...........................122
5.4.3
Realization
-
the sequential type
....................122
5.4.4
Examples of surface/axis thinning algorithms
(sequential type)
..................................124
5.4.5
Surface thinning algorithm accompanying the
Euclidean distance transformation
...................127
5.4.6
Use of a ID list for auxiliary information
.............131
5.4.7
Examples of surface/axis thinning algorithm (parallel
type)
............................................136
5.4.8
Experimental results
...............................137
5.4.9
Points in algorithm construction
.....................138
5.5
Distance transformation and skeleton
......................144
5.5.1
Definition
........................................144
5.5.2
Significance of DT and skeleton
.....................146
5.5.3
Classification of algorithms
.........................147
5.5.4
Example of an algorithm
- (1)
squared Euclidean DT
.. 147
5.5.5
Example of algorithms
- (2)
variable neighborhood
DT (parallel type)
.................................153
•5.5.6
Supplementary comments on algorithms of DT
........156
5.5.7
Skeleton
..........................................158
5.5.8
Reverse distance transformation
.....................161
5.5.9
Example of RDT algorithms
- (1)
Euclidean squared
RDT
............................................162
5.5.10
Example of RDT algorithm
- (2)
fixed neighborhood
(6-, 18-.
or 26-neighborhood) RDT (sequential type)
. . . 167
5.5.11
Extraction of skeleton
..............................170
5.5.12
Distance transformation of a line figure
..............176
XIV Contents
5.6
Border
surface
following
..................................176
5.6.1
Outline
..........................................176
5.6.2
Examples of algorithm
.............................179
5.6.3
Restoration of a figure
.............................181
5.7
Knot and link
...........................................182
5.7.1
Outline
..........................................182
5.7.2
Reduction of a digital knot
.........................184
5.8
Voronoi division of a digitized image
.......................186
6
ALGORITHMS FOR PROCESSING CONNECTED
COMPONENTS WITH GRAY VALUES
..................191
6.1
Distance transformation of a gray-tone image
...............191
6.1.1
Definition
........................................191
6.1.2
An example of algorithm
...........................192
6.2
Thinning of a gray-tone image
............................194
6.2.1
Basic idea
........................................194
6.2.2
Requirements
.....................................195
6.2.3
Principles of thinning
..............................195
6.3
Examples of algorithms
- (1)
integration of information
concerning density values
.................................197
6.3.1
Algorithm
........................................197
6.3.2
Experimental results
...............................200
6.4
Examples of algorithms
- (2)
ridgeline following
.............203
6.4.1
Meanings of a ridgeline
.............................203
6.4.2
Algorithm
........................................204
6.4.3
Experiments
......................................207
7
VISUALIZATION OF
3D
GRAY-TONE IMAGES
........209
7.1
Formulation of visualization problem
.......................209
7.2
Voxel data and the polygon model
.........................211
7.2.1
Voxel surface representation
........................211
7.2.2
Marching cubes algorithm
..........................211
7.3
Cross section, surface, and projection
......................214
7.3.1
Cross section
.....................................214
7.3.2
Surface
...........................................215
7.3.3
Projection
........................................216
7.4
The concept of visualization based on ray casting
- (1)
projection of a point
.....................................218
7.4.1
Displaying a point
.................................218
7.4.2
Displaying lines
...................................221
7.4.3
Displaying surfaces
................................221
7.5
The concept of visualization based on ray casting
- (2)
manipulation of density values
............................222
7.6
Rendering surfaces based on ray casting
-
surface rendering
. . . 222
7.6.1
Calculation of the brightness of a surface
.............223
Contents
XV
7.6.2
Smooth shading
...................................225
7.6.3
Depth coding
.....................................227
7.6.4
Ray tracing
.......................................227
7.7
Photorealistic rendering and rendering for visualization
.......230
7.8
Displaying density values based on ray casting
-
volume
rendering
...............................................231
7.8.1
The algorithm of volume rendering
..................231
7.8.2
Selection of parameters
............................233
7.8.3
Front-to-back algorithm
............................235
7.8.4
Properties of volume rendering and surface rendering
..236
7.8.5
Gradient shading
..................................240
References
.....................................................243
Index
..........................................................261
Toriwaki -Yoshida
Fundamentals of Three-Dimensional
Digital Image Processing
There are many areas of science and engineering where three-dimensional
(3-D)
discrete data are collected and analyzed, such as medical imaging and geoscience.
To design and to prove the validity of computational procedures for processing and
analysis of such data, the need for a mathematical theory and algorithms for image
processing is essential.
Self-contained, accessible, and mathematically precise, this book serves as an
introduction to the field of
3-D
digital image processing, providing information that can
be used immediately in practical algorithms for the analysis of
3-D
data sets.
By presenting problems of processing and analysis of practical
3-D
data sets, readers
will find the descriptions clear and accessible as concepts and methods are carefully
introduced, defined, and illustrated with examples.
A key textbook for graduates and resource for all working in areas of multidimensional
image processing and analysis, this book is also excellent for self-study for practitioners
in the field of
3-D
digital image processing.
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Toriwaki, Junichiro Yoshida, Hiroyuki 1947- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)132985543 |
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| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV023384810 |
| classification_rvk | ST 330 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)634162403 (DE-599)DNB986862290 |
| discipline | Informatik Medizin |
| format | Kit Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV023384810 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-20T13:15:05Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781848001725 9781848001732 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016567846 |
| oclc_num | 634162403 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-703 DE-M347 DE-11 |
| owner_facet | DE-703 DE-M347 DE-11 |
| physical | XV, 286 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| publishDateSearch | 2009 |
| publishDateSort | 2009 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | marc |
| spellingShingle | Toriwaki, Junichiro Yoshida, Hiroyuki 1947- Fundamentals of three-dimensional digital image processing Algorithmus (DE-588)4001183-5 gnd Algorithmische Geometrie (DE-588)4130267-9 gnd Bildverarbeitung (DE-588)4006684-8 gnd Dimension 3 (DE-588)4321722-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4001183-5 (DE-588)4130267-9 (DE-588)4006684-8 (DE-588)4321722-9 |
| title | Fundamentals of three-dimensional digital image processing |
| title_auth | Fundamentals of three-dimensional digital image processing |
| title_exact_search | Fundamentals of three-dimensional digital image processing |
| title_full | Fundamentals of three-dimensional digital image processing Junichiro Toriwaki ; Hiro Yoshida |
| title_fullStr | Fundamentals of three-dimensional digital image processing Junichiro Toriwaki ; Hiro Yoshida |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fundamentals of three-dimensional digital image processing Junichiro Toriwaki ; Hiro Yoshida |
| title_short | Fundamentals of three-dimensional digital image processing |
| title_sort | fundamentals of three dimensional digital image processing |
| topic | Algorithmus (DE-588)4001183-5 gnd Algorithmische Geometrie (DE-588)4130267-9 gnd Bildverarbeitung (DE-588)4006684-8 gnd Dimension 3 (DE-588)4321722-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Algorithmus Algorithmische Geometrie Bildverarbeitung Dimension 3 |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016567846&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016567846&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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