Anatomy of an Iron Age roundhouse: the Cnip wheelhouse excavations, Lewis
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Edinburgh
Soc. of Antiquaries of Scotland
2006
|
| Subjects: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016470227&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Item Description: | Includes bibliographical references (p. 257-268) and index |
| Physical Description: | XXXI, 272 S. Ill., Kt. 29 cm |
Staff View
MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Armit, Ian |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Anatomy of an Iron Age roundhouse |b the Cnip wheelhouse excavations, Lewis |c Ian Armit ; with contributions from Ruby Cerón-Carrasco ... |
| 264 | 1 | |a Edinburgh |b Soc. of Antiquaries of Scotland |c 2006 | |
| 300 | |a XXXI, 272 S. |b Ill., Kt. |c 29 cm | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references (p. 257-268) and index | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Excavations (Archaeology) / Scotland / Lewis with Harris Island | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Ringforts / Scotland / Lewis with Harris Island | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Iron age / Scotland / Lewis with Harris Island | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Excavations (Archaeology) |z Scotland |z Lewis with Harris Island | |
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| 651 | 4 | |a Lewis with Harris Island (Scotland) / Antiquities | |
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | Contents
Summary
xi
Resume: French summary
xiii
Zusammenfasung: German summary
xv
List of illustrations
xvii
List of tables
xxi
List of colour plates
xxiii
Acknowledgements
xxv
Notes
xxvii
List of contributors
xxix
Key to section and plan conventions
xxxi
1
INTRODUCTION
1
1.1
Background to the excavation
1
1.2
Aims and limitations
5
1.3
The Hebridean wheelhouse
8
1.4
The archaeology and environmental history of Bhaltos
10
Î.4.Î
Landscape, location and topography
10
1.4.2
Research prior to the
1980s 13
1.4.3
Recent work
13
1.4.4
Environmental history and site visibility
13
1.4.5
Modern and early modern settlement
14
1.4.6
Prehistoric settlement
17
1.5
The excavated site and its setting
17
1.6
Report structure
19
2
EXCAVATION RESULTS
21
2.1
Introduction
21
2.2
Notes on the recording system
21
2.2.1
Contexts and blocks
21
2.2.2
Phasing
23
2.2.3
Other information
23
2.3
Phase
1:
The Wheelhouse Settlement
24
2.3.1
Wheelhouse
1
(Blocks 5ai and
6) 25
2.3.1.1
Construction (Block
6) 25
2.3.1.2
Occupation deposits: Phase
1
(Block 5ai)
28
2.3.1.3
The entrance passage deposits
29
2.3.1.4
Interpretation
29
2.3.2
Wheelhouse
2
(Blocks
11, 12, 15,
and
16) 30
2.3.2.1
Construction (Blocks
12
and
16) 30
2.3.2.2
Internal deposits (Blocks
11
and
15) 34
2.3.3.3
Interpretation
38
2.4
Phase
2:
The Cellular Structures
40
2.4.1
Continuing occupation of Wheelhouse
1 42
2.4.1.1
The first reorganisation and subsequent occupation
—
Phase 2a (Block 5a)
42
2.4.1.2
The second reorganisation and subsequent occupation
—
Phase 2b (Block 5b)
46
2.4.1.3
The entrance bay deposits
49
2.4.1.4
The decay of the wheelhouse during Phase
2 50
2.4.1.5
Spatial patterning within the wheelhouse
51
2.4.2
Structure
3
(Blocks
Π
and
19) 54
2.4.2.1
Construction (Block
17) 54
2.4.2.2
Internal deposits (Block
19) 57
2.4.2.3
Interpretation
58
2.4.3
Structure
4
(Blocks
8
and
9) 60
2.4.3.1
Construction (Block
9) 61
2.4.3.2
Occupation deposits (Block
8) 62
2.4.3.3
Entrance area deposits (Block 8b)
65
2.4.3.4
Interpretation
65
2.4.4
Structure
7
(Block
22) 67
2.4.5
Structure
5
(Blocks
13
and
14) 68
2.4.5.1
Construction features (Block
14) 68
2.4.5.2
Deposition summary (Block
13) 68
2.4.5.3
Interpretation
69
2.4.6
Structure
6
(Block
21) 71
2.4.7
Phase
2
soil erosion
71
2.4.8
Unassociated deposits of Phases
1
or
2 71
2.4.8.1
Negative features (Block
10) 71
2.4.8.2
Interpretation
71
2.5
Phase
3:
The Rectilinear Structure
72
2.5.1
Structure
8
(Blocks
1-4
and
20) 72
2.5.1.1
Construction (Block
2) 73
2.5.1.2
Internal deposits (Block
1) 77
2.5.1.3
Entrance passage construction (Blocks
3, 4
and
20) 78
2.5.1.4
Interpretation
80
2.5.2
Structure
10
(Block
18) 81
2.5.2.1
Description
81
2.5.2.2
Interpretation
81
2.5.3
Phase
3
midden deposits (Block
18) 82
2.5.3.1
Characterizing the midden deposits
82
2.5.3.2
Midden formation
82
2.6
Later activity
83
2.6.1
Windblown sand accumulation (Block
7) 83
2.6.2
Recent disturbance (Block
7) 83
2.6.3
Interpretation
83
MATERIAL CULTURE
85
3.1
Introduction
85
3.1.1
General
85
3.1.2
Range of activities represented
85
VI
3.2
Pottery (Ann MacSween)
88
3.2.1
Introduction
88
3.2.2
Technology
88
3.2.3
Morphology
89
3.2.4
Decoration
93
3.2.4.1
Applied decoration
93
3.2.4.2
Incised decoration
95
3.2.4.3
Impressed decoration
98
3.2.4.4
Other forms of decoration
100
3.2.5
Chronological change and comparative material
100
3.2.6
Catalogue of illustrated sherds
103
3.3
Ceramic artefacts
(Fraser
Hunter and Ann MacSween)
131
3.4
Human bone (Kath McSweeney)
133
3.5
Bone and antler
(Fraser
Hunter with Andrew Kitchener)
136
3.5.1
General
136
3.5.2
Manufacturing evidence
138
3.5.2.1
Antler-working debris
138
3.5.2.2
Bone-working debris
140
3.5.2.3
Roughouts
140
3.5.3
Tools
141
3.5.3.1
Agriculture/construction
141
3.5.3.2
Hide working
141
3.5.3.3
Textile working
141
3.5.3.4
Pottery manufacture or bronze casting
143
3.5.3.5
Unattributed
-
handles
143
3.5.3.6
Unattributed
—
composite tool heads
144
3.5.3.7
Unattributed —working surfaces/anvils
144
3.5.3.8
Unattributed
—
miscellaneous
145
3.5.4
Ornaments
145
3.5.4.1
Pins
145
3.5.5
Lriwe
147
3.5.6
Fittings
150
3.5.7
Miniature objects
150
3.5.5
Unidentified
151
3.5.9
Missing items
151
3.6
Coarse stone (Ann Clarke)
151
3.6.1
General
151
3.6.2 Qweras
152
3.6.3 Hammerstones 153
3.(5.4
Stone disc
153
3.7
Chipped stone (Bill Finlayson)
153
3.8
Pumice (Anthony Newton)
153
3.9
Copper alloy
(Fraser
Hunter)
154
3.10
Iron
(Fraser
Hunter)
154
3.11
The vitrified material (Dawn McLaren and Andrew Heald)
155
3.11.1
Overview
155
3.11.2
Classification
155
3.11.2.1
Plano-convex hearth bottoms and slag amalgams
155
3.11.2.2
Unclassified slags
-
smithing?
156
vii
3.11.2.3
Vitrified hearth or furnace lining
156
3.11.2.4
Other vitrified material
156
3.11.2.5
Fe conglomerate
157
3.11.3
Discussion
157
3.12
Non-ferrous metalworking debris (Andrew Heald and
Fraser
Hunter)
158
3.12.1
Moulds
158
3.12.1.1
Other
159
3.12.2
Discussion
159
SUBSISTENCE AND ENVIRONMENT
161
4.1
Introduction
161
4.2
Animal bone (Finbar McCormick)
161
4.2.1
Introduction
161
4.2.2
Cattle
166
4.2.3
Sheep
168
4.2.3.1
General
168
4.2.3.2
Sheep burials
169
4.2.4
Pig and dog
169
4.2.5
Red deer
169
4.2.6
Other wild animals
171
4.3
Bird remains (Sheila Hamilton-Dyer)
172
4.4
The sieved fish remains (Ruby
Cerón-
Carrasco)
173
4.4.1
Methods
173
4.4.2
Discussion by block
175
4.4.3
Discussion by phase
177
4.4.4
The hand-retrieved fish remains (Sheila Hamilton-Dyer)
177
4.4.5
Notes on the species identified
178
4.4.6
Discussion
179
4.4.7
Conclusion
180
4.5
The marine molluscs, with notes on the echinoidea remains and terrestrial snails
(Ruby
Cerón-
Carrasco)
180
4.5.1
The marine molluscs
180
4.5.1.1
Methods
180
4.5.1.2
Results
180
4.5.1.3
Conclusion
182
4.5.2
A note on the echinoidea remains
182
4.5.3
A note on the terrestrial snails
182
4.5.4
Conclusion
182
4.6
Carbonized plant macrofossils and charcoal (Mike Church and Mike Cressey)
182
4.6.1
Summary
182
4.6.2
Sampling strategy
184
4.6.3
Methods
184
4.6.3.1
Carbonized plant microfossils
184
4.6.3.2
Charcoal
184
4.6.4
Results and discussion
184
4.6.4.1
Data presentation
184
4.6.4.2
Species represented
184
4.6.4.3
Distribution and origin of carbonized material
191
4.6.4.4
Other sites
192
vin
5
ANATOMY OF A WHEELHOUSE
195
5.1
The nature of the evidence
195
5.2
Reconstruction drawings
195
5.3
How to build a wheelhouse?
195
5.3.1
Stage
1 195
5.3.2
Stage
2 198
5.3.3
Stage
3 199
5.3.4
Stage
4 203
5.4
How typical is Cnip?
205
5.4.1
Piers: bonded and unbonded
205
5.4.2
Revetted versus free-standing construction
206
5.5
Material resources
206
5.6
Skill and labour requirements
207
5.7
The monumental home
207
6
CHRONOLOGY
209
6.1
Introduction
209
6.1.1
Sample selection
209
6.1.2
Problems
209
6.2
Calibration and analysis of radiocarbon dates
(Magnar
Dalland)
211
6.2.1
Introduction
211
6.2.2
Statistical analysis
211
6.2.2.1
Contemporaneity of the dates from Phase
2 214
6.2.2.2
Stratigraphical adjustment
214
6.2.2.3
The duration of Phases
2
and
3 216
6.3
Interpreting the chronological evidence (Ian Armit)
219
6.3.1
Dating Phases
2
and
3 219
6.3.2
Dating Phase
1 220
6.3.3
Conclusion
221
6.4
Cnip and the chronology of wheelhouses (Ian Armit)
221
7
LIVING IN IRON AGE LEWIS
225
7.1
Introduction
225
7.2
What happened at Cnip: a speculative summary
225
7.3
Cnip and the Hebridean wheelhouse tradition
227
7.4
Making a living: household, society and environment
233
7.4.Í
The neighbours
233
7.4.2
Arable agriculture
236
7.4
J
Animal husbandry
236
7.4.4
Wild resources
237
7.4.5
Craft-working
238
7.4.Í
Fuel
238
7.4.7
Economy, environment and ideology
239
7.4.8
Seasonal patterning and movement through the landscape
239
7.5
Life at Cnip
240
7.5.1
Floor formation and the archaeology of the non-routine
240
7.5.2
Zoning of activities
242
ix
7.5.3
Structured deposition and the treatment of human remains
244
7.5.4
Unstructured deposition? Questioning the querns
248
7.5.5
Iron Age cosmologies
249
7.6
Why were wheelhouses built?
251
7.6.1
Breaking with the past
251
7.6.2
Land, inheritance and power
253
7.6.3
Wider changes
254
7.6.4
Conclusion
254
REFERENCES
257
INDEX
269
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Armit, Ian |
| author_facet | Armit, Ian |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Armit, Ian |
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| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV023285513 |
| callnumber-first | D - World History |
| callnumber-label | DA880 |
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| callnumber-search | DA880.L43 |
| callnumber-sort | DA 3880 L43 |
| callnumber-subject | DA - Great Britain |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)124503802 (DE-599)BVBBV023285513 |
| dewey-full | 936.1/14 |
| dewey-hundreds | 900 - History & geography |
| dewey-ones | 936 - Europe north & west of Italy to ca. 499 |
| dewey-raw | 936.1/14 |
| dewey-search | 936.1/14 |
| dewey-sort | 3936.1 214 |
| dewey-tens | 930 - History of ancient world to ca. 499 |
| discipline | Geschichte |
| format | Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4027540-1 Inventar gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Inventar |
| geographic | Lewis with Harris Island (Scotland) / Antiquities Scotland / Antiquities Schottland Lewis with Harris Island (Scotland) Antiquities Scotland Antiquities Lewis with Harris (DE-588)4525497-7 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Lewis with Harris Island (Scotland) / Antiquities Scotland / Antiquities Schottland Lewis with Harris Island (Scotland) Antiquities Scotland Antiquities Lewis with Harris |
| id | DE-604.BV023285513 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-20T13:12:35Z |
| institution | BVB |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016470227 |
| oclc_num | 124503802 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| physical | XXXI, 272 S. Ill., Kt. 29 cm |
| publishDate | 2006 |
| publishDateSearch | 2006 |
| publishDateSort | 2006 |
| publisher | Soc. of Antiquaries of Scotland |
| record_format | marc |
| spellingShingle | Armit, Ian Anatomy of an Iron Age roundhouse the Cnip wheelhouse excavations, Lewis Excavations (Archaeology) / Scotland / Lewis with Harris Island Ringforts / Scotland / Lewis with Harris Island Iron age / Scotland / Lewis with Harris Island Funde Excavations (Archaeology) Scotland Lewis with Harris Island Iron age Scotland Lewis with Harris Island Ringforts Scotland Lewis with Harris Island Funde (DE-588)4071507-3 gnd Rundhaus (DE-588)4178719-5 gnd Eisenzeit (DE-588)4014102-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4071507-3 (DE-588)4178719-5 (DE-588)4014102-0 (DE-588)4525497-7 (DE-588)4027540-1 |
| title | Anatomy of an Iron Age roundhouse the Cnip wheelhouse excavations, Lewis |
| title_auth | Anatomy of an Iron Age roundhouse the Cnip wheelhouse excavations, Lewis |
| title_exact_search | Anatomy of an Iron Age roundhouse the Cnip wheelhouse excavations, Lewis |
| title_full | Anatomy of an Iron Age roundhouse the Cnip wheelhouse excavations, Lewis Ian Armit ; with contributions from Ruby Cerón-Carrasco ... |
| title_fullStr | Anatomy of an Iron Age roundhouse the Cnip wheelhouse excavations, Lewis Ian Armit ; with contributions from Ruby Cerón-Carrasco ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anatomy of an Iron Age roundhouse the Cnip wheelhouse excavations, Lewis Ian Armit ; with contributions from Ruby Cerón-Carrasco ... |
| title_short | Anatomy of an Iron Age roundhouse |
| title_sort | anatomy of an iron age roundhouse the cnip wheelhouse excavations lewis |
| title_sub | the Cnip wheelhouse excavations, Lewis |
| topic | Excavations (Archaeology) / Scotland / Lewis with Harris Island Ringforts / Scotland / Lewis with Harris Island Iron age / Scotland / Lewis with Harris Island Funde Excavations (Archaeology) Scotland Lewis with Harris Island Iron age Scotland Lewis with Harris Island Ringforts Scotland Lewis with Harris Island Funde (DE-588)4071507-3 gnd Rundhaus (DE-588)4178719-5 gnd Eisenzeit (DE-588)4014102-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Excavations (Archaeology) / Scotland / Lewis with Harris Island Ringforts / Scotland / Lewis with Harris Island Iron age / Scotland / Lewis with Harris Island Funde Excavations (Archaeology) Scotland Lewis with Harris Island Iron age Scotland Lewis with Harris Island Ringforts Scotland Lewis with Harris Island Rundhaus Eisenzeit Lewis with Harris Island (Scotland) / Antiquities Scotland / Antiquities Schottland Lewis with Harris Island (Scotland) Antiquities Scotland Antiquities Lewis with Harris Inventar |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016470227&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT armitian anatomyofanironageroundhousethecnipwheelhouseexcavationslewis |