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Computer networks: a systems approach

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Peterson, Larry L. (Author), Davie, Bruce S. (Author)
Format:	Book
Language:	English
Published:	San Francisco, Calif. Morgan Kaufmann 2000
Edition:	2. ed.
Series:	The Morgan Kaufmann series in networking
Subjects:	Computer networks Rechnernetz Lehrbuch
Links:	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008838757&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
Physical Description:	XXVI, 748 S. graph. Darst.
ISBN:	1558605770 1558605142

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Record in the Search Index

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adam_text	Titel: Computer networks Autor: Peterson, Larry L Jahr: 2000 Foreword Foreword to the First Edition Preface vii ix xix 1 Foundation Problem: Building a Network 2 1.1 Requirements 4 1.1.1 Connectivity 4 1.1.2 Cost-Effective Resource Sharing 8 1.1.3 Support for Common Services 12 1.1.4 Performance 20 1.2 Network Architecture 29 1.2.1 Layering and Protocols 30 1.2.2 OSI Architecture 30 1.2.3 Internet Architecture 38 1.3 Implementing Network Software 41 1.3.1 Application Programming Interface (Sockets) 42 1.3.2 Example Application 45 1.3.3 Protocol Implementation Issues 48 1.4 Summary 50 Open Issue: Ubiquitous Networking 57 Further Reading 58 Exercises 00 2 Direct Link Networks Problem: Physically Connecting Hosts 08 2.1 Hardware Building Blocks 70 2.1.1 Nodes 70 2.1.2 Links 71 2.2 Encoding (NRZ, NRZI, Manchester, 4B/5B) 8Q xii Contents »4 2.3 Framing 2.3.1 Byte-Oriented Protocols (BISYNC, PPP, DDCMP) ^ 2.3.2 Bit-Oriented Protocols (HDLC) 87 2.3.3 Clock-Based Framing (SONET) 89 92 2.4 Error Detection 94 2.4.1 Two-Dimensional Parity 2.4.2 Internet Checksum Algorithm 94 2.4.3 Cyclic Redundancy Check 96 101 2.5 Reliable Transmission 2.5.1 Stop-and-Wait 103 2.5.2 Sliding Window 108 2.5.3 Concurrent Logical Channels 118 2.6 Ethernet (802.3) 116 2.6.1 Physical Properties 117 2.6.2 Access Protocol ^9 2.6.3 Experience with Ethernet ^24 2.7 Token Rings (802.5, FDDI) 128 2.7.1 Physical Properties 28 2.7.2 Token Ring Media Access Control I27 2.7.3 Token Ring Maintenance I2® 2.7.4 Frame Format 31 2.7.5 FDDI 132 2.8 Wireless (802.11) 136 2.8.1 Physical Properties 136 2.8.2 Collision Avoidance 137 2.8.3 Distribution System 139 2.8.4 Frame Format 141 2.9 Network Adaptors 142 2.9.1 Components 142 2.9.2 View from the Host 143 2.9.3 Device Drivers 148 2.9.4 Memory Bottleneck 151 2.10 Summary ^3 Open Issue: Does It Belong in Hardware? 154 Further Reading Exercises 156 Contents xiii 3 Packet Switching Problem: Not All Networks Are Directly Connected 170 3.1 Switching and Forwarding 172 3.1.1 Datagrams 174 3.1.2 Virtual Circuit Switching 176 3.1.3 Source Routing 183 3.1.4 Implementation and Performance 185 3.2 Bridges and LAN Switches 186 3.2.1 Learning Bridges 187 3.2.2 Spanning Tree Algorithm 190 3.2.3 Broadcast and Multicast 195 3.2.4 Limitations of Bridges 196 3.3 Cell Switching (ATM) 198 3.3.1 Cells 198 3.3.2 Segmentation and Reassembly 203 3.3.3 Virtual Paths 209 3.3.4 Physical Layers for ATM 210 3.3.5 ATM in the LAN 211 3.4 Switching Hardware 215 3.4.1 Design Goals 216 3.4.2 Ports and Fabrics 219 3.4.3 Crossbar Switches 221 3.4.4 Shared-Media Switches 226 3.4.5 Self-Routing Fabrics 227 3.5 Summary 232 Open Issue: The Future of ATM 233 Further Reading 234 Exercises 235 4 Internetworking Problem: There Is More Than One Network 246 4.1 Simple Internetworking (IP) 248 4.1.1 What Is an Internetwork? 248 4.1.2 Service Model 250 4.1.3 Global Addresses 262 4.1.4 Datagram Forwarding in IP 264 4.1.5 Address Translation (ARP) 9ftR Contents xiv 4.1.6 Host Configuration (DHCP) 273 4.1.7 Error Reporting (ICMP) 276 4.1.8 Virtual Networks and Tunnels 277 4.2 Routing 280 4.2.1 Network as a Graph 232 4.2.2 Distance Vector (RIP) 284 4.2.3 Link State (OSPF) 292 4.2.4 Metrics r 301 4.2.5 Routing for Mobile Hosts 394 4.3 Global Internet 399 4.3.1 Subnetting 311 4.3.2 Classless Routing (CIDR) 316 4.3.3 Interdomain Routing (BGP) 319 4.3.4 Routing Areas 4 326 4.3.5 IP version 6 (IPv6) 329 4.4 Multicast 3^0 4.4.1 Link-State Multicast 341 4.4.2 Distance-Vector Multicast 344 4.4.3 Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) 346 4.5 Summary -• 350 Open Issue: IP, ATM, and MPLS 351 Further Reading 352 Exercises 354 5 End-to-End Protocols Problem: Getting Processes to Communicate 333 5.1 Simple Demultiplexer (UDP) 5.2 Reliable Byte Stream (TCP) 5.2.1 End-to-End Issues ^73 5.2.2 Segment Format 5.2.3 Connection Establishment and Termination 378 5.2.4 Sliding Window Revisited 3g3 5.2.5 Adaptive Retransmission 389 5.2.6 Record Boundaries 5.2.7 TCP Extensions 394 5.2.8 Alternative Design Choices 3g5 5.3 Remote Procedure Call 397 V Contents xv 5.3.1 Bulk Transfer (BLAST) 400 5.3.2 Request/Reply (CHAN) 407 5.3.3 Dispatcher (SELECT) 417 5.3.4 Putting It All Together (SunRPC, DCE) 420 5.4 Performance 426 5.4.1 Experimental Method 427 5.4.2 Latency 428 5.4.3 Throughput 430 5.5 Summary 430 Open Issue: Application-Specific Protocols 431 Further Reading 432 Exercises 433 6 Congestion Control and Resource Allocation Problem: Allocating Resources 440 6.1 Issues in Resource Allocation 443 6.1.1 Network Model 448 6.1.2 Taxonomy 452 6.1.3 Evaluation Criteria 454 6.2 Queuing Disciplines 457 6.2.1 FIFO 458 6.2.2 Fair Queuing 459 6.3 TCP Congestion Control 464 6.3.1 Additive Increase/Multiplicative Decrease 465 6.3.2 Slow Start 468 6.3.3 Fast Retransmit and Fast Recovery 472 6.4 Congestion-Avoidance Mechanisms 475 6.4.1 DECbit 475 6.4.2 Random Early Detection (RED) 470 6.4.3 Source-Based Congestion Avoidance 482 6.5 Quality of Service 488 6.5.1 Application Requirements 439 6.5.2 Integrated Services (RSVP) 494 6.5.3 Differentiated Services gQ5 6.5.4 ATM Quality of Service 599 6.6 Summary Open Issue: Inside versus Outside the Network bio xvi Contents Further Reading 516 Exercises 7 End-to-End Data Problem: What Do We Do with the Data? 7.1 Presentation Formatting 7.1.1 Taxonomy 7.1.2 Examples (XDR, ASN.1, NDR) 7.2 Data Compression 7.2.1 Lossless Compression Algorithms 7.2.2 Image Compression (JPEG) 7.2.3 Video Compression (MPEG) 7.2.4 Transmitting MPEG over a Network 7.2.5 Audio Compression (MP3) 7.3 Summary Open Issue: Computer Networks Meet Consumer Electronics Further Reading Exercises 8 Network Security Problem: Securing the Data 568 8.1 Cryptographic Algorithms 570 8.1.1 Requirements 572 8.1.2 The Data Encryption Standard (DES) 573 8.1.3 RSA 578 8.1.4 Message Digest 5 (MD5) 581 8.1.5 Implementation and Performance 584 8.2 Security Mechanisms 584 8.2.1 Authentication Protocols 585 8.2.2 Message Integrity Protocols 588 8.2.3 Public Key Distribution (X.509) 591 8.3 Example Systems 594 8.3.1 Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM) 594 8.3.2 Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) 599 8.3.3 Transport Layer Security (TLS, SSL, HTTPS) 601 8.3.4 IP Security (IPSEC) 605 8.4 Firewalls 608 8.4.1 Filter-Based Firewalls cqq 528 530 531 535 539 541 543 548 553 557 559 559 560 561 Contents Xvij 8.4.2 Proxy-Based Firewalls 610 8.4.3 Limitations 612 8.5 Summary 613 Open Issue: Denial-of-Service Attacks 614 Further Reading 615 Exercises @15 9 Applications Problem: Applications Need Their Own Protocols 622 9.1 Name Service (DNS) 624 9.1.1 Domain Hierarchy 625 9.1.2 Name Servers @26 9.1.3 Name Resolution @30 9.2 Traditional Applications 633 9.2.1 Electronic Mail (SMTP, MIME) 634 9.2.2 World Wide Web (HTTP) 640 9.2.3 Network Management (SNMP) 646 9.3 Multimedia Applications 649 9.3.1 Requirements 651 9.3.2 Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) 653 9.3.3 Session Control and Call Control (H.323) @60 9.4 Summary 662 Open Issue: Programming the Network 663 Further Reading 664 Exercises 665 Glossary 673 References 699 Index 717 About the Authors 749
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title	Computer networks a systems approach
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