Antisocial behavior by young people:
Gespeichert in:
| Beteiligte Personen: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge [u.a.]
Cambridge Univ. Press
1998
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schlagwörter: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=008325288&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Umfang: | XI, 478 S. |
| ISBN: | 0521641578 0521646081 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Rutter, Michael |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Antisocial behavior by young people |c Michael Rutter ; Henri Giller ; Ann Hagell |
| 250 | |a 1. publ. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Cambridge [u.a.] |b Cambridge Univ. Press |c 1998 | |
| 300 | |a XI, 478 S. | ||
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| 700 | 1 | |a Giller, Henri |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hagell, Ann |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Acknowledgments page xi
1 Introduction 1
What Do We Mean by Antisocial Behavior and
Young People ? 1
Why a New Review? 2
Coverage and Structure of This Review 7
2 Identifying the Most Useful Research 10
Breadth of Antisocial Behavior 10
Multiple Sources of Information 11
Samples 12
Biology and Behavior 14
Causality 15
Concepts of Causation 15
Causal Chains 17
Testing Causal Hypotheses 18
Strength of Effects 21
Positivistic Approaches 22
Conclusions 23
3 Concepts and Measures of Crime 25
Age, Blame, and Criminal Responsibility 25
The Nature of Adolescent Crime 30
Criminal Offenses 31
Criminal Statistics 32
Victim Surveys 38
Childhood Victimization 38
Self Reported Offending 40
Variations in the Processing of Offenses 45
Recognizing and Reporting Crime 46
The Police as Gatekeepers of the Criminal
Justice System 49
Variations in Judicial Procedures 55
v
vi Contents
Differences between Offenders and Non Offenders 57
Persistent Young Offenders 58
Conclusions 61
4 Historical Trends 64
Setting Out the Issues 64
Trends in Crime Taken as a Whole 64
Does Juvenile Crime Reflect the Same Trends? 69
Has the Nature of Offending by Juveniles Been
Changing? 72
Changes in the Types of Crimes Committed 72
Changes in the Sex Ratios 74
Changes in the Type Gender Relationship 74
Changes in the Peak Age of Offending 75
The Relevance of Recent Trends in Juvenile Justice 78
Just Deserts 79
Managerialism 79
Community Focus 80
Populist Punitiveness 80
Trends in Psychosocial Disorders of Youth 83
Changes in the Social and Economic Context for
Young People 86
Possible Reasons for the Rise in Crime and
Psychosocial Disorders of Young People 89
Conclusions 92
5 Varieties of Antisocial Behavior 95
Key Valid Differentiators 96
Association with Hyperactivity 96
Age of Onset 98
Probably Valid Differentiators 105
Association with Violence 105
Psychopathy 109
Association with Serious Mental Disorder 110
Special Groups of Uncertain Validity 112
Normal Crime 112
Sexual Offenses 113
Juvenile Homicide 115
Crime Associated with Substance Misuse 117
Medically Caused Crime 118
Crime Associated with Emotional Disorder 119
Contents vii
Other Distinctions 120
Socialized versus Unsocialized 120
Overt versus Covert Crime 121
Recidivist Crime 122
Psychiatric Diagnoses 123
Conclusions 124
6 The Role of Individual Features 127
Changing Views 127
Genetic Influences 129
Nature Nurture Interplay 132
Routes of Genetic Mediation 135
Obstetric Complications 137
Intelligence 140
Temperament and Personality Features 145
Poor Peer Relationships 148
Hyperactivity 149
Biased Cognitive Processing 151
Drugs and Alcohol 152
Possible Biological Mediators 155
Toxins and Nutrients 157
Physique 159
Androgens 160
Autonomic Reactivity 161
Serotonin Metabolism 162
Overview of Biological Mediators 165
Conclusions 165
7 The Role of Psychosocial Features 168
Some Concepts and Controversies 168
Person Effects on the Environment 171
Genetic Mediation of Psychosocial Risk Factors 174
Tests for Environmental Mediation 175
Third Variable Effects 179
Family Influences 181
Teenage Parents 181
Large Family Size 182
Broken Homes 183
Abuse and Neglect 187
Coercion and Hostility 188
Ineffective Parenting and Supervision 192
vjjj Contents
Peer Groups 193
Gangs 198
Poverty and Social Disadvantage 199
Unemployment 202
Resilience 206
Conclusions 212
8 Societywide Influences 215
Mass Media 216
Area Differences 220
Distribution of Offenses 221
Distribution of Offenders 223
School Effects 230
Ethnic Variations 235
Concepts and Methods 235
Victimization 237
Crime in the United Kingdom 239
Crime in the United States 243
Possible Explanations 246
Guns, Drugs, and Contraceptives 249
Conclusions 250
9 Gender Differences 254
Rates of Crime in Males and Females 256
Patterns of Offending 256
Judicial Processing 260
Self Report Findings 261
Clinical Disorders Involving Antisocial Behavior 262
Possible Explanations 266
Same or Different Origins in Males and Females 266
Gender Differences in Individual Risk Factors 267
Gender Differences in Psychosocial Risks 271
Differences in Social Context 274
Conclusions 276
10 From Child to Adult: Persistence and Desistance 279
Analyzing Data from a life History Perspective 279
Some Questions about Using Longitudinal Data 282
Criminal Careers 285
Delinquent Pathways 290
Socioemotional Functioning in Adult Life 294
Personality Disorder 294
Contents ix
Drug and Alcohol Problems 296
Emotional Disturbance 296
Suicidal Behavior 297
Influential Experiences in Adult Life 298
Cumulative Continuity and Accentuation Effects 298
Turning Point Effects 302
Conclusions 306
11 Prevention and Intervention I: Principles and
Concepts of Application at the Predelinquency Phase 308
Concepts and Measures 308
How Much Is Open to Change? 308
Causal Models 309
Evaluation 315
Actors or Their Acts 315
Randomized Controlled Trials 316
Quasi Experiments 319
Evaluation of Community Interventions 320
Meta analyses 320
Individual Differences in Response 321
Cost Benefit Analyses 323
Case Studies of Promising Interventions 324
Targeting High Risk Groups 325
Relief of Societal Risks 326
Preventive Strategies at a Predelinquency Phase 327
Preschool Education 327
Improving the Parenting in High Risk Families 328
Early Treatment of Disruptive Behavior 329
Schoolwide Programs 331
Multimodal Interventions 334
Conclusions 335
12 Prevention and Intervention II: Applications at the
Postdelinquency Phase 339
Reducing Opportunities for Offending 340
Situational Crime Prevention 341
Increased Community Surveillance and Other
Community Initiatives 345
Populationwide Deterrent Effects 348
Incapacitation 351
Different Responses to Delinquency 354
Diversionary Policies 354
x Contents
Community Alternatives to Custody Schemes 356
Restorative Justice 357
Punishment 359
Short Sharp Shock Approaches 360
Custodial Care 361
Psychological Treatments 365
Meta analyses 368
Elements of Effective Programs of Intervention 369
Conclusions 371
13 Conclusions 375
In What Ways Has This Review Shed Any New Light
on Antisocial Behavior? 375
Heterogeneity 376
Notions of Causality 378
Liability 379
Antisocial Behavior over the life Course 380
Time Trends 380
Gender Differences 381
Research and Methodological Advances 382
What Is the Relationship between the Research
Conclusions and Policy? 384
A Research Agenda for the Future 386
References 389
Index 465
|
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| id | DE-604.BV012280989 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-20T10:27:34Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0521641578 0521646081 |
| language | English |
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| physical | XI, 478 S. |
| publishDate | 1998 |
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| subject_GND | (DE-588)4028859-6 (DE-588)4028893-6 (DE-588)4143211-3 |
| title | Antisocial behavior by young people |
| title_auth | Antisocial behavior by young people |
| title_exact_search | Antisocial behavior by young people |
| title_full | Antisocial behavior by young people Michael Rutter ; Henri Giller ; Ann Hagell |
| title_fullStr | Antisocial behavior by young people Michael Rutter ; Henri Giller ; Ann Hagell |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antisocial behavior by young people Michael Rutter ; Henri Giller ; Ann Hagell |
| title_short | Antisocial behavior by young people |
| title_sort | antisocial behavior by young people |
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