An introduction to anthropology:
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
New York
Macmillan
1977
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| Edition: | 5. ed. |
| Subjects: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=003084158&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Physical Description: | XVII, 748 S. zahlr. Ill., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0023074507 |
Staff View
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | Titel: An introduction to anthropology
Autor: Beals, Ralph Leon
Jahr: 1977
Contents l/The Nature and Scope of Anthropology 1 11 What Is Anthropology? 1 21 The Aims of Anthropological Research 2 3¡Biological Anthropology 6 4/Cultural and Social Anthropology 9 ¡¡Archaeology 10 6¡Anthropological Linguistics 11 7 ¡The Historical Background of Anthropology 12 8¡Anthropology and Other Disciplines 14 9jThe Uses of Anthropology 16 10 ¡Summary 19 2/The Nature of Culture 23 ljThe Diversity of Human Behavior 23 2/The Idea of Culture 25 31 Meanings of Culture 28 4¡Culture, Societies, and Cultural Systems 30 ¡¡Culture as Behavior 32 ¡¡Patterns of Culture 34 71 The Integration of Culture 38 8/Culture as an Adaptive Mechanism 44 9 ¡Summary 46 XI
Xll Contents 3/Strategies and Methods in the Study of Culture 49 IIThe Data of the Anthropologist 49 2fThe Collection of Archaeological Data 51 3/The Collection of Ethnographic Data 66 4/The Analysis of Ethnographic Data 75 5 ¡Summary 78 4/Human Biological Variation 83 lIThe Basis of Heredity and Variation 83 2¡The Nature of Human Variation 96 3¡The Distribution of Biological Characteristics 102 4fCulture and Human Biology 110 5¡Biology and Culture 115 6¡Biology and Ability 122 7 ¡Summary 128 5/The Evolution of Humanity 133 1 ¡Humans as Biological Organisms 133 2/Key Problems in Evolution 137 3¡Aspects of Human Evolution 143 4¡When Is a Human? 147 5jThe Toolmaking Australopithicinae 152 6jHomo Erectus 157 7¡Homo Sapiens 159 8 ¡Summary 164 6/Culture in the Past 169 1 ¡The Ecology of Prehistoric Humanity 169 2¡Culture History of the Old World: Paleolithic 176 3¡Culture History of the Old World: Mesolithic 194 4¡Culture History of the Old World: Neolithic 196 5jCulture History of the Old World: The Urban Revolution 201 6jPrehistory of the Americas 202 7jSummary 213
Xlll Contents 7/Hunter-Gatherers 219 1 ¡Technology and Environment 219 21 Generalized Hunter-Gatherers 223 3¡Specialized Hunters 230 4¡Specialized Fishers 237 5 ¡Collectors 245 ó/Summary 253 8/Food Producers 257 II The Transition to Food Production 257 2jlncipient and Marginal Farmers 264 3 ¡Pastoralists 270 4/Swidden Farmers 273 5jVillage Farmers: The Kapauku 277 61 Village Farmers: The Hopi 283 7/Summary 294 9/Food Production and Urban Life 299 IjThe Origins and Basis of Urbanism 299 2fPeasants and Cities 302 3 ¡Peasants 304 4¡Manor, Hacienda, and Plantation 315 SIThe Urban, Industrial, and Scientific Revolutions 319 6/Technology and Urbanism 321 7 ¡Summary 334 10/Economic Anthropology 337 1 ¡Economics and Economic Anthropology 337 2¡Problems of Production 344 3¡Division of Labor by Age and Sex 346 4¡Specialization in Production 350 51 The Organization of Production 353 6¡Distribution in Subsistence Economies 354
Contents 71 Trading 358 8jThe Kula Ring 360 9 ¡Aztec Marketplaces and Traveling Merchants 363 10/The Consumption of Wealth in Unspecialized Societies 365 1 ¡¡Wealth and Status Among the Tlingit 366 12/The Consumption of Wealth Among the Aztecs of Mexico 369 13/Some Problems of Consumption 370 14/Summary 372 11/Marriage 377 1 ¡Household Formation 377 ^¡Selecting a Spouse: Marriage Regulations 381 3¡Functions and Effects of Marriage Rules 385 4¡Preferential Marriage 388 5lLevirate and Sororate 389 6/Monogamy and Polygamy 391 7¡“Group” Marriage 394 8¡Bride Price and Dowry 396 9jDivorce 398 10 ¡Summary 402 12/Kinship and Kinship Groupings 405 1 ¡The Nature of Kinship 405 21 Two Kinship Terminologies 409 3lKinship Groupings 414 4 jLarger Kinship Groupings 416 5 ¡Summary 421 13/Social Organization 423 1 ¡General Principles 423 21 Types of Social Structure 427 3¡Examples of Social Structures 431 4/Summary 436
XV Contents 14/Social Organization: Process 439 1 ¡Maintaining a Social Structure 439 21 Establishing Behavioral Standards 440 3jSocial Control 444 4IConflict 449 31 Law and Lawlike Phenomena 458 ó/Changing Status 463 7 ¡Summary 469 15/Religion 473 ¡¡The Nature of Religion 473 21 World View 476 3/ The Concept of Impersonal Power 479 4) Supernatural Beings 480 5 /Apache Supernaturais 482 6/Baganda Supernaturais: The Ghosts of the Dead 483 71 The Gods of the Aztecs 486 8/Other Aspects of World View 489 9/Religious Practitioners 492 ¡(¡¡Religious Rituals 495 11 ¡South Indian Ceremonials and Their Effects 499 lllSummary 505 16/Language 509 1 ¡The Uniqueness of Language 509 2l“Primitive” Languages 512 3¡The Diversity of Language 514 41 The Structure of Language: Phonology 519 51 The Structure of Language: Grammar 521 61 Linguistic Change 524 7IThe Comparative Method 526 8/Language in Culture 528 9 ¡Writing 531 10¡The Antiquity of Language 534 ¡¡¡Summary 535
XVI Contents 17/TheArts 539 11Nature and Origin of the Arts 5 39 2jArt and the Individual 543 3IArt as Communication: Conventions and Formal Symbols 548 4/Art as Communication: Uses 552 51 Art as Cultural Tradition 555 6/Art as Cultural Tradition: European Art 561 71 Music 562 8/Poetry and Prose 565 9jSummary 5 70 18/Culture and the Individual 573 II Replication of Uniformity: Organization of Diversity 573 21 Learning to Be Human 576 31 Education and Anthropology 586 41 Cognitive Anthropology 594 51 Anthropology and Mental Illness 599 61 Summary 602 19/Stability and Change in Culture 607 1 ¡Change as an Aspect of Culture 607 2/Innovation: Invention and Diffusion 609 31 Cultural Evolution: Main Sequence 613 4jCultural Evolution: Local Adaptation 618 5jAcculturation and Modernization 620 61 Acculturation in Mexico 624 71 Acculturation in Melanesia 627 81 Summary 627 20/Applied Anthropology and Development 63 1 1 ¡Applied Science and Anthropology 631 21 The Development of Applications 634 3¡The Anthropology of Development 638 4 ¡Community Development 643
XVII Contents S¡Anthropological Studies of Development Problems 649 61 The Costs of Development 653 7¡Anthropology in the Development Process 657 8¡Summary 659 21/U rban Anthropology 663 1 ¡Anthropologists and Urban Research 663 2¡The Role of Anthropology in Urban Studies 666 3¡The Nature of Poverty 670 4¡Squatter’s Towns, Ghettos, and Ethnicity 674 5¡Urban Education and Health 680 6/Summary 683 22/Anthropology and the Modern World 687 1 ¡Contributions of Anthropology to Modern Thought 687 2¡New Directions in Research 691 3¡Anthropology and Public Policy 695 Glossary 700 Ethnographic Bibliography 716 Index 720
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| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Beals, Ralph Leon Hoijer, Harry Beals, Alan R. |
| author_facet | Beals, Ralph Leon Hoijer, Harry Beals, Alan R. |
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| author_sort | Beals, Ralph Leon |
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| callnumber-first | G - Geography, Anthropology, Recreation |
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| callnumber-subject | GN - Anthropology |
| classification_rvk | MS 9400 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1958387 (DE-599)BVBBV005047903 |
| dewey-full | 301.2 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 301 - Sociology and anthropology |
| dewey-raw | 301.2 |
| dewey-search | 301.2 |
| dewey-sort | 3301.2 |
| dewey-tens | 300 - Social sciences |
| discipline | Soziologie |
| edition | 5. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV005047903 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-20T08:26:07Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0023074507 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-003084158 |
| oclc_num | 1958387 |
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| physical | XVII, 748 S. zahlr. Ill., Kt. |
| publishDate | 1977 |
| publishDateSearch | 1977 |
| publishDateSort | 1977 |
| publisher | Macmillan |
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| spellingShingle | Beals, Ralph Leon Hoijer, Harry Beals, Alan R. An introduction to anthropology Anthropologie Culturele antropologie gtt Anthropology Anthropologie (DE-588)4002230-4 gnd Kulturanthropologie (DE-588)4133903-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4002230-4 (DE-588)4133903-4 |
| title | An introduction to anthropology |
| title_auth | An introduction to anthropology |
| title_exact_search | An introduction to anthropology |
| title_full | An introduction to anthropology Ralph Leon Beals ; Harry Hoijer ; Alan R. Beals* |
| title_fullStr | An introduction to anthropology Ralph Leon Beals ; Harry Hoijer ; Alan R. Beals* |
| title_full_unstemmed | An introduction to anthropology Ralph Leon Beals ; Harry Hoijer ; Alan R. Beals* |
| title_short | An introduction to anthropology |
| title_sort | an introduction to anthropology |
| topic | Anthropologie Culturele antropologie gtt Anthropology Anthropologie (DE-588)4002230-4 gnd Kulturanthropologie (DE-588)4133903-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Anthropologie Culturele antropologie Anthropology Kulturanthropologie |
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