An outline of structural geology:
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| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
New York [u.a.]
Wiley
1976
|
| Subjects: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=001476023&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Item Description: | Literaturverz. S. 521 - 554 |
| Physical Description: | XVIII, 571 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 0471401560 0471401579 |
Staff View
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a An outline of structural geology |c Bruce E. Hobbs ; Winthrop D. Means ; Paul F. Williams |
| 264 | 1 | |a New York [u.a.] |b Wiley |c 1976 | |
| 300 | |a XVIII, 571 S. : |b Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. | ||
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| 500 | |a Literaturverz. S. 521 - 554 | ||
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Record in the Search Index
| DE-BY-TUM_call_number | 0020 0007 A 4214 |
|---|---|
| DE-BY-TUM_katkey | 353986 |
| DE-BY-TUM_location | Mag |
| DE-BY-TUM_media_number | 040005307837 |
| _version_ | 1821940415920603136 |
| adam_text | CONTENTS
1 MECHANICAL ASPECTS 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Analysis of stress 2
1.2.1 Components of stress. Stress at a point 2
1.2.2 The stress ellipsoid 12
1.2.3 Examples of stress states in rocks 17
1.3 Analysis of deformation 18
1.3.1 Strain. The strain ellipsoid 25
1.3.2 Inhomogeneous deformations 39
1.3.3 Progressive strains. Strain paths. Deformation Paths 42
1.3.4 Determination of strain in deformed rocks 50
1.3.5 Examples of strain distributions 53
1.4 The response of rocks to stress 55
1.4.1 Classes of materials 55
1.4.2 Classes of response 55
1.4.3 Ductile behavior of rocks 62
2 MICROFABRIC 73
2.1 Introduction 73
2.2 The microstructures of deformed rocks 74
2.2.1 Crystal defects 75
2.2.2 Principles of microstructural development 105
2.2.3 Microstructures developed in rocks undergoing
deformation 114
xiii
xiv CONTENTS
2.3 Crystallographic preferred orientations in deformed rocks 118
2.3.1 Preferred orientations developed by slip and rotation 122
2.3.2 Preferred orientations developed by recrystallization 135
3 PRIMARY STRUCTURES 141
3.1 Introduction HI
3.2 Primary structures as markers 142
3.3 Primary structures as evidence of younging 143
3.4 Recognition and nature of bedding in deformed rocks 151
3.5 Unconformities 153
3.6 Sedimentary versus tectonic structures 156
4 FOLDS
4.1 Introduction 161
4.2 Description of single folds 161
4.3 Description of fold systems 166
4.4 Description of folds as seen in profile 170
4.5 Orientation of folds 175
4.6 Classification of folds 178
4.7 The Distribution of Strain in folds 180
4.7.1 Classical Models of Fold Formation 183
4.7.2 More Realistic Models of Fold Formation 195
4.8 Development of Folds 200
5 FOLIATIONS 213
5.1 Introduction 213
CONTENTS xv
5.2 Axial plane foliations; description 215
5.2.1 Introduction 215
5.2.2 Fracture cleavage 216
5.2.3 Crenulation cleavage 217
5.2.4 Slaty cleavage 222
5.2.5 Schistosity 228
5.2.6 Differentiated layering 229
5.3 Origin of axial plane foliations 231
5.3.1 Introduction 231
5.3.2 Orientation of foliation with respect to strain 233
5.3.3 Preferred orientation of layer silicates 247
5.3.4 Preferred dimensional orientation 250
5.3.5 Differentiation 250
5.3.6 Summary 252
5.4 Transposed foliations 252
5.4.1 Introduction 252
5.4.2 Example of a transposed foliation 255
5.4.3 Examples of individual folds from transposed rocks 258
5.4.4 Processes involved in the development of transposed
foliations 260
5.4.5 Recognition of transposition 263
5.5 Other metamorphic foliations 264
267
267
268
268
270
270
271
274
274
6.3 Origin of lineations 280
6.3.1 Introduction 280
6.3.2 Mineral lineations 281
6.3.3 Ooids and pebbles 282
6.3.4 Rods, mullions, and boudins 282
6 LINEATIONS
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Description of lineations
6.2.1 Slickenside striae
6.2.2 Folds as lineations
6.2.3 Lineations due to intersection of foliations
6.2.4 Mineral lineations
6.2.5 Pebbles, boulders, ooids
6.2.6 Rods, mullions, and boudins
xvi CONTENTS
6.4 Problem of lineations indicating extension parallel to fold axes 283
7 JOINTS AND FAULTS 289
7.1 Introduction 289
7.2 Joints 289
7.2.1 Joint sets and systems 289
7.2.2 Joint surfaces 291
7.2.3 Relations of joints to other structures 293
7.2.4 Origin of joints 296
7.3 Faults 300
7.3.1 Fault terminology 300
7.3.2 Breccia and mylonite 302
7.3.3 Slickensides and drag structures 303
7.3.4 Determination of fault displacement 307
7.3.5 Fault terminations 309
7.3.6 Shearing resistance of dry rock 311
7.3.7 Shearing resistance of rock with pore fluid 320
7.3.8 Maximum depth for extension joints 323
7.3.9 Shear fracture orientation relative to principal stress
directions 325
7.3.10 Principal stress orientations from field data 330
7.3.11 Fault history 332
7.3.12 Focal mechanism solutions 340
8 GEOMETRICAL ANALYSIS 347
8.1 Introduction 347
8.2 Basic concepts 348
8.2.1 Scale 348
8.2.2 Style 348
8.2.3 Overprinting 350
8.2.4 Generation 351
8.3 Fold shape and outcrop patterns in deformed areas 355
8.4 Analysis of areas with simple structure 360
CONTENTS xvü
8.5 Analysis of areas with complex structure 364
8.5.1 Collection of data 365
8.5.2 Interpretation 371
8.5.3 Limitations of the method 373
9 STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS 377
9.1 Introduction 377
9.2 Flat-lying sediments 379
9.3 Biock-faulted and rifted regions 380
9.4 Wrench faults and associated structures 383
9.5 Shallow fold and thrust belts 387
9.6 Tectonic mélanges 389
9.7 Dome and basin structure 391
9.8 Salt domes 396
9.9 Simple fold systems with steeply dipping axial surfaces 400
9.10 Slate belts 403
9.11 Multiply deformed belts of low and medium metamorphic grade 405
9.12 Nappe structures 409
9.13 Areas with gently dipping schistosity 416
9.14 Mylonite zones 418
9.15 Mantled gneiss domes 428
9.16 Gneissic regions 430
10 TECTONICS 433
xviii CONTENTS
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Plate tectonics
10.2.1 Ridges
10.2.2 Trenches
10.2.3 Transform faults
10.2.4 Strain within plates
10.2.5 Geometry of plate motion
10.2.6 Plate tectonics and mountain belts
10.2.7 Further problems in plate tectonics
10.3 Other explanations for crustal deformation
433
434
435
441
444
446
447
466
474
475
Appendix A THE STEREOGRAPHIC AND EQUAL AREA PROJECTIONS 483
Appendix B ANSWERS TO PROBLEMS IN CHAPTER 1 AND 7 503
References 521
INDEX 555
|
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| author | Hobbs, Bruce E. Means, Winthrop D. Williams, Paul F. |
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| discipline | Geologie / Paläontologie Geographie |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV002246002 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-12-20T07:48:15Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0471401560 0471401579 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-001476023 |
| oclc_num | 1528431 |
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| owner_facet | DE-91 DE-BY-TUM DE-703 DE-29 DE-20 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-83 DE-188 |
| physical | XVIII, 571 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| psigel | TUB-nvmb |
| publishDate | 1976 |
| publishDateSearch | 1976 |
| publishDateSort | 1976 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | marc |
| spellingShingle | Hobbs, Bruce E. Means, Winthrop D. Williams, Paul F. An outline of structural geology Tectonique Geology, Structural Geologie (DE-588)4020227-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4020227-6 |
| title | An outline of structural geology |
| title_auth | An outline of structural geology |
| title_exact_search | An outline of structural geology |
| title_full | An outline of structural geology Bruce E. Hobbs ; Winthrop D. Means ; Paul F. Williams |
| title_fullStr | An outline of structural geology Bruce E. Hobbs ; Winthrop D. Means ; Paul F. Williams |
| title_full_unstemmed | An outline of structural geology Bruce E. Hobbs ; Winthrop D. Means ; Paul F. Williams |
| title_short | An outline of structural geology |
| title_sort | an outline of structural geology |
| topic | Tectonique Geology, Structural Geologie (DE-588)4020227-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Tectonique Geology, Structural Geologie |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=001476023&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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