An introduction to the logic of the sciences:
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
London u.a.
Macmillan
1983
|
| Edition: | 2. ed. |
| Subjects: | |
| Links: | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=000088978&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| Physical Description: | IX, 182 S. |
| ISBN: | 0333341805 |
Staff View
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Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1819339854565081088 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: An introduction to the logic of the sciences
Autor: Harré, Rom
Jahr: 1983
Contents
Preface to the Second Edition vii
Preface to the First Edition viii
Acknowledgments x
PART ONE: SCIENTIFIC DISCOURSE
1 DESCRIPTION AND EXPLANATION 3
The logical conditions for giving a description; methods of generalizing;
conditionals and rules of inference; explanation; the different ways that
explanations can be given; systematization of discourse.
2 INTERLUDE: THE AIMS AND METHODS OF
SCIENCE 35
The aims of science; Bacon s views; the growth of positivism; the develop¬
ment of modern ideas.
3 SCIENTIFIC DESCRIPTION 41
Systems; the analogy of algebra and system-history; the functional
generalization; cumulative generalizations; non-cumulative generaliza¬
tions; explication and reduction; systematization of descriptions;
Aristotelian and Galilean systematization; facts and generalizations.
4 SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATION 69
Explanation by schematization; models, micromorphs and paramorphs;
explanation by an informal model; explanation by a formally described
model; explanation by a formal model; extension of theory; deployment
and development; interscientific explanation; the functions of a generaliza¬
tion.
vi Contents
PART TWO: DISCOVERY AND
CONFIRMATION
5 INDUCTIVE REASONING 95
The traditional account; model arguments in deduction and induction;
two attempts to solve the problem; senses of probably ; two technical
definitions of probability ; an attempt to dissolve the problem; dissolution
applicable only to general problem; intuitive inductions; science as
rejection of incorrect expectations.
6 FITTING THE FACTS 113
The formation of a functional generalization; direct induction; confirma¬
tion as prediction-rule; mechanical induction; intuitive induction; small
deviations; derivations of theory; testing of theories; exposing a hidden
mechanism; model-proving; discontinuation; ideal substances; statements
of limitation; disconfirmation of a theory.
7 NON-FACTUAL CRITERIA 137
Conflict unresolvable by factual considerations; simplicity; simplicity of
descriptions; economy and structural simplicity; simplicity and famili¬
arity; simplicity as the basis of discovery-procedures; quasi-aesthetic
judgements; elegance; fruitfulness and the conditions of a successful
science.
8 POSTSCRIPT TO SECOND EDITION 151
In the discussion so far I have been developing a theory of scientific activity
as if that activity were being carried on independently of any outside
influences, excepting of course the results of experiments. This has some¬
times been called an internalist account of science. But like all human
activities, scientific thought and the conduct of experiments, even the
force of the results of those experiments as contributions to knowledge, is
influenced by the social and historical conditions of the people involved.
The study of the way those conditions affect what we take to be true know¬
ledge, how we judge the power of experimental tests of theory and how we
choose ideas from which to construct a theory has been called an
externalist account of science. In the last chapter I turn to examine the
strengths and weaknesses of some recent externalist accounts of science.
Further Reading 175
Index of Names 176
Index of Topics 178
|
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| discipline | Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft Philosophie |
| edition | 2. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| isbn | 0333341805 |
| language | English |
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| physical | IX, 182 S. |
| publishDate | 1983 |
| publishDateSearch | 1983 |
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| publisher | Macmillan |
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| spellingShingle | Harré, Rom 1927-2019 An introduction to the logic of the sciences Filosofie gtt Methodologie gtt Wetenschappen gtt Methode Naturwissenschaft Philosophie Science Philosophy Philosophie (DE-588)4045791-6 gnd Logik (DE-588)4036202-4 gnd Naturwissenschaften (DE-588)4041421-8 gnd |
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| title | An introduction to the logic of the sciences |
| title_auth | An introduction to the logic of the sciences |
| title_exact_search | An introduction to the logic of the sciences |
| title_full | An introduction to the logic of the sciences Rom Harré |
| title_fullStr | An introduction to the logic of the sciences Rom Harré |
| title_full_unstemmed | An introduction to the logic of the sciences Rom Harré |
| title_short | An introduction to the logic of the sciences |
| title_sort | an introduction to the logic of the sciences |
| topic | Filosofie gtt Methodologie gtt Wetenschappen gtt Methode Naturwissenschaft Philosophie Science Philosophy Philosophie (DE-588)4045791-6 gnd Logik (DE-588)4036202-4 gnd Naturwissenschaften (DE-588)4041421-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Filosofie Methodologie Wetenschappen Methode Naturwissenschaft Philosophie Science Philosophy Logik Naturwissenschaften Einführung |
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